Teaching of composite restoration repair in Brazilian dental schools.

OBJECTIVES: The aim was to investigate aspects of the teaching of restoration repair as a minimally invasive alternative to replacing defective direct composite restorations in undergraduate curricula teaching programs in Brazilian dental schools. METHODS: A 14-item validated survey questionnaire was mailed to directors/coordinators of operative/restorative dentistry teachers of Brazilian Dental Schools. Data were collected on demographic characteristics of the teachers and institutions, together with questions on the teaching of the repair of defective resin-based composite restorations as part of the school curriculum; the rationale behind the teaching; the nature of the teaching (preclinical and/or clinical); how techniques were taught, indications for repair, operative techniques, materials used, patient acceptability and expected longevity of completed repairs. RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty-two (94%) directors/ coordinators of dental curricula in Brazil were contacted. One hundred and thirty-one directors/coordinators (59%) replied, providing the e-mail address from the teacher responsible for the operative/restorative dentistry program in their school. Of these, 104 responded to the questionnaire (79% response rate). Ninety-three (89%) of the participating schools reported teaching composite repairs as an alternative to replacing restorations. Of the theoretical content, 43% was taught at preclinical and clinical levels, whereas most practical experience (53%) was acquired at clinical levels. Eighty-eight schools (95%) reported tooth substance preservation being the main reason for teaching repair techniques. All schools that taught repairs reported high patient acceptability. CONCLUSIONS: The teaching of composite restoration repair as an alternative to restoration replacement is established in undergraduate programs in most of the Brazilian dental schools surveyed. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The reasons for teaching restoration repair in Brazil were found to be quite unanimous among teachers, especially regarding the preservation of tooth structure. Variations were found in the clinical indications for repair, suggesting the need for further investigations. Monitoring repaired restorations should be encouraged and could contribute to future studies.

Paracoccidioidomycosis in the northern region of Rio Grande do Sul / Paracoccidioidomicose na região norte do Rio Grande do Sul / Paracoccidioidomycosis en la región norte del Rio Grande d o Sul

Background and Objectives: Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic disease caused by the dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis found in the tropical and subtropical regions of Latin America. This study aimed to perform a retrospective analysis of PCM cases from the northern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods: A total of 200 records of PCM cases diagnosed at the local reference pathology laboratory from 1995 to 2015 were analyzed Results: Of the patients, 185 were male and 15 female. Patients ranged in age from 31 to 80 years, the largest pro portion ( being aged between 51 and 60 years and living or working in the countryside. Clinical samples were mostly obtained from the oral cavity, followed by the oropharynx, lungs, brain, skin, and prostate. Conclusion: PCM is endemic in the south o f Brazil, as the local economy is largely based on agricultural activities, favoring the contact of the population with P. brasiliensis . Due to the great similarity between PCM symptoms and other respiratory diseases, the differential diagnosis is essentia l for the correct treatment of the disease and to avoid its progression.(AU)

Justificativa e Objetivos: A paracoccidioidomicose (PCM) é uma doença sistêmica causada pelo fungo dimórfico Paracoccidioides brasiliensis , o qual é encontrado nas regiões tropicais e subtropicais da América Latina. Este estudo objetivou realizar uma análise retrospectiva dos casos de PCM na região nor te do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil . Métodos: Foram anal isados 200 prontuários relativos aos casos de PCM de 1995 até 2015 diagnosticados pelo laboratório de patologia referência na região . Resultados: Destes pacientes, 185 eram homens e 15 mulheres. Os pacientes tinham idade variando de 31 a 80 anos, sendo que a maior proporção (35,5%) tinha entre 51 e 60 anos e viviam ou trabalhavam na zona rural Os materiais clínicos eram provenientes em sua maioria da cavidade oral, seguido da região orofaríngea, pulmão, cérebro, provenientes em sua maioria da cavidade oral, seguido da região orofaríngea, pulmão, cérebro, pele e próstata. pele e próstata. Conclusão: O sul do Brasil O sul do Brasil é região endêmica de PCM, devido a sua é região endêmica de PCM, devido a sua economia estar centrada na agricultura, o que propicia o contato do homem com o fungo. economia estar centrada na agricultura, o que propicia o contato do homem com o fungo. Devido à grande semelhança dos sintomas da PCM com outras doenças respiratórias, o Devido à grande semelhança dos sintomas da PCM com outras doenças respiratórias, o diagnóstico diferencial é relevante para que se diagnóstico diferencial é relevante para que seja realizado o tratamento correto da doença e ja realizado o tratamento correto da doença e para que seu avanço seja evitado. para que seu avanço seja evitado.(AU)

Justificación y objetivos: L a paracoccidioidomicosis (PCM) es una enfermedad sistémica c ausada por el hongo dimorfo Paracoccidioides brasiliensis , que se encuentra en las regiones tropicales y subtropicales de América Latina. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar un análisis retrospectivo de casos de PCM en la región nor te de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil . Métodos: se analizaron 200 registros médicos relacionados con casos de PCM de 1995 a 2015 diagnosticado s por el laboratorio de patología de referencia en la región . Resultados: De estos pacientes, 185 eran hombres y 15 mujeres. Los pacientes tenían edades comprendidas entre 31 y 80 años, con la mayor proporción (35.5%) entre 51 y 60 años y viviendo o trabajando en el campo. Los materiales clínicos provenían principalmente de la cavidad oral, seguidos de la región orofaríngea, pulmón, cerebro, piel y próstata. Conclusión: El sur de Brasil es una región endémica de PCM, debido a que su economía se centra en la agricultura, que proporciona el contacto del hombre con el hongo. Debido a la gran similitud de los síntomas de PCM con otras enfermedade s respiratorias, el diagnóstico diferencial es relevante para el tratamiento correcto de la enferm edad y para evitar su progreso.(AU)