Removal of Mo(VI), Pb(II), and Cu(II) from wastewater using electrospun cellulose acetate/chitosan biopolymer fibers.

Environmentally friendly polymers such as cellulose acetate (CA) and chitosan (CS) were used to obtain electrospun fibers for Cu2+, Pb2+, and Mo6+ capture. The solvents dichloromethane (DCM) and dimethylformamide (DMF) allowed the development of a surface area of 148 m2 g-1 for CA fibers and 113 m2 g-1 for cellulose acetate/chitosan (CA/CS) fibers. The fibers were characterized by IR-DRIFT, SEM, TEM, CO2 sorption isotherms at 273 K, Hg porosimetry, TGA, stress-strain tests, and XPS. The CA/CS fibers had a higher adsorption capacity than CA fibers without affecting their physicochemical properties. The capture capacity reached 102 mg g-1 for Cu2+, 49.3 mg g-1 for Pb2+, and 13.1 mg g-1 for Mo6+. Furthermore, optimal pH, adsorption times qt, and C0 were studied for the evaluation of kinetic models and adsorption isotherms. Finally, a proposal for adsorbate-adsorbent interactions is presented as a possible capture mechanism where, in the case of Mo6+, a computational study is presented. The results demonstrate the potential to evaluate the fibers in tailings wastewater from copper mining.

The promises of large language models for protein design and modeling.

The recent breakthroughs of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the context of natural language processing have opened the way to significant advances in protein research. Indeed, the relationships between human natural language and the "language of proteins" invite the application and adaptation of LLMs to protein modelling and design. Considering the impressive results of GPT-4 and other recently developed LLMs in processing, generating and translating human languages, we anticipate analogous results with the language of proteins. Indeed, protein language models have been already trained to accurately predict protein properties, generate novel functionally characterized proteins, achieving state-of-the-art results. In this paper we discuss the promises and the open challenges raised by this novel and exciting research area, and we propose our perspective on how LLMs will affect protein modeling and design.

Global health reciprocal innovation to address mental health and well-being: strategies used and lessons learnt.

Over the past two decades there have been major advances in the development of interventions promoting mental health and well-being in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), including delivery of care by non-specialist providers, incorporation of mobile technologies and development of multilevel community-based interventions. Growing inequities in mental health have led to calls to adopt similar strategies in high-income countries (HIC), learning from LMIC. To overcome shared challenges, it is crucial for projects implementing these strategies in different global settings to learn from one another. Our objective was to examine cases in which mental health and well-being interventions originating in or conceived for LMIC were implemented in the USA. The cases included delivery of psychological interventions by non-specialists, HIV-related stigma reduction programmes, substance use mitigation strategies and interventions to promote parenting skills and family functioning. We summarise commonly used strategies, barriers, benefits and lessons learnt for the transfer of these innovative practices among LMIC and HIC. Common strategies included intervention delivery by non-specialists and use of digital modalities to facilitate training and increase reach. Common barriers included lack of reimbursement mechanisms for care delivered by non-specialists and resistance from professional societies. Despite US investigators' involvement in most of the original research in LMIC, only a few cases directly involved LMIC researchers in US implementation. In order to achieve greater equity in global mental health and well-being, more efforts and targeted funding are needed to develop best practices for global health reciprocal innovation and iterative learning in HIC and LMIC.

Colecistectomia laparoscopica en el hospital municipal los pinos, 2012 - 2022 / Laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Los Pinos municipal hospital, 2012 - 2022

La colecistectomía laparoscópica es el estándar de oro para el tratamiento de la litiasis vesicular. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo difundir la experiencia de 10 años en colecistectomía laparoscópica del Hospital Municipal Los Pinos de La Paz, Bolivia. Se realizó la revisión de historias clínicas de pacientes internados y sometidos a colecistectomía laparoscópica de junio 2012 a julio 2022, la serie de casos estuvo compuesta por 1095 pacientes; 866 (79.3%) mujeres y 229 (20.7%) varones; el grupo etáreo con mayor casuística fue 31 a 40 años con 256 casos (23.3%), la edad promedio fue de 50,5 (10 a 81 años). La vía de ingreso de los pacientes fue por consulta externa 72.5% y emergencias 27.4%. El tiempo operatorio promedio fue de 85 min. (20 a 150 min.). El diagnostico de ingreso de mayor prevalencia fue la colecistitis crónica litiasica con 766 (69.9%). El factor de conversión a cirugía abierta fue la falta de identificación de estructuras anatómicas, con un índice de conversión de 6.9%. La estancia postoperatoria promedio fue de 3.5 días (1 a 6 días). Basado en los resultados obtenidos la colecistectomía laparoscópica demuestra ser aun el tratamiento seguro y efectivo en pacientes con colelitiasis.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the Gold standard for the treatment of vesicular lithiasis. The present study aims to describe the experience in laparoscopic cholecystectomy of 10 years at Los Pinos Municipal Hospital in La Paz, Bolivia. A review of medical records of hospitalized patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy from June 2012 to July 2022 was carried out. Case series were 1095 patients; 866 (79.3%) female and 229 (20.7%) male; the age group with higher casuistry was 31 to 40 years (256 cases, 23.3%), the average age was 50.5 (10 to 81 years). The admission of patients was by outpatient 72.5% and emergency unit 27.4%. The average surgery time was 85 min. (20 to 150 min.). The highest prevalence diagnosis at admission was chronic lithiasic cholecystitis (766 cases, 69.9%). The conversion factor to open surgery was the anatomical structures identification difficulty, conversion rate of 6.9 %. The postoperative hospital stay average was 3.5 days (1 to 6 days). Based on the results obtained, laparoscopic cholecystectomy still proves to be the safe and effective treatment in patients with cholelithiasis.

Encarceración de genital masculino por rodamiento; de la teoría a la práctica, basada en la evidencia presentacion de un caso y revision de la literatura / Male genital incarceration by bearing; From theory to practice, evidence-based Case presentation and literature review

La encarcelación de genital masculino es considerada una urgencia urológica absoluta desafiante, la cual debe de ser tratada oportunamente así poder evitar lesiones irreversibles. El objetivo del presente artículo es exponer un caso de encarcelación de genital masculino por rodamiento diagnosticado y tratado en el Servicio de Urología del Hospital Obrero N°1 Tercer Nivel La Paz, Bolivia; en un paciente masculino de 80 años, que tras acudir al servicio de emergencias y realizar la revisión semiológica dirigida se llega al diagnóstico mencionado. En la literatura nacional, tras la revisión sistemática, no se encontró escritos sobre esta entidad siendo esta una manera de iniciar el levantamiento casuístico de esta variedad poco frecuente de patología urológica; a su vez, ampliar conocimientos no solo teórico - prácticos, sino medios diagnósticos y terapéutica clínico - quirúrgica experimental empleada basada en la evidencia; así evaluando los resultados mediatos, y repercusiones a largo plazo.

Male genital incarceration is considered an absolute challenging urological urgency, which must be treated in a timely manner to avoid irreversible injury. The objective of this article is to present a case of incarceration of male genital (penis) by bearing diagnosed and treated in the Urology Service of the Hospital Obrero No.1 Third Level La Paz, Bolivia; in an 80-year-old male patient, who after going to the emergency department and performing the targeted semiological review is reached at the aforementioned diagnosis. In the national literature, after the systematic review, no writings were found on this entity being this a way to initiate the casuistic uprising of this rare variety of urological pathology; in turn, expand not only theoretical knowledge - practical, but diagnostic and clinical therapeutic means - experimental surgical employed based on evidence; assessing mediated results, and long-term repercussions.

Experiencia de cuatro años con la cinta reajustable para incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo / 4-year experience with the use of readjustable tape for stress urinary incontinence

Resumen OBJETIVO: Describir la experiencia con el cabestrillo reajustable Remeex® en pacientes con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo recurrente, como una alternativa de tratamiento. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, de serie de casos llevado a cabo en un solo centro de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia, en pacientes atendidas en la Unidad de Uroginecología de la Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana. Criterios de inclusión: mujeres mayores de 18 años, con diagnóstico de incontinencia urinaria recidivante después de una o más cirugías fallidas para corregir la incontinencia urinaria o con diagnóstico de deficiencia intrínseca del esfínter a las que se les practicó el procedimiento de cabestrillo reajustable (Remeex Female Neomedic) entre el 2016 y el 2019. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 19 pacientes con media de edad de 62 años (DE ± 9). La mediana de seguimiento fue de 19.4 meses (RIQ 10-26.5). Todas las pacientes tenían urodinamia prequirúrgica que confirmó el diagnóstico de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo. Las 19 pacientes tuvieron diagnóstico de incontinencia urinaria moderada-severa-recurrente, 4 con hipoactividad del detrusor y 1 con deficiencia intrínseca del esfínter. De las 19 pacientes, a 10 se les intervino para corrección de prolapso de órganos pélvicos concomitante, que se distribuyeron en: 6 pacientes con colporrafia anterior o posterior, 3 colpocleisis y 1 sacrocolpopexia por laparotomía. CONCLUSIONES: El cabestrillo reajustable es una buena opción para mujeres con intervenciones previas antiincontinencia con recidiva en quienes se demostró la mejoría en el grado de incontinencia en relación con el inicial, beneficio que se reflejó en mejor calidad de vida.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To describe the experience with the readjustable sling Remeex® in patients with recurrent stress urinary incontinence as a treatment alternative. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective, observational, case series study carried out in a single center in the city of Medellin, Colombia, in patients attended at the Urogynaecology Unit of the Bolivarian University Clinic. Inclusion criteria: women over 18 years of age, with a diagnosis of recurrent urinary incontinence after one or more failed surgeries to correct urinary incontinence or with a diagnosis of intrinsic sphincter deficiency who underwent the readjustable sling procedure (Remeex Female Neomedic) between 2016 and 2019. RESULTS: Nineteen patients were evaluated with mean age 62 years (SD ± 9). The median follow-up was 19.4 months (RIQ 10-26.5). All patients had preoperative urodynamics that confirmed the diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence. All 19 patients had a diagnosis of moderate-severe-recurrent urinary incontinence, 4 with detrusor hypoactivity and 1 with intrinsic sphincter deficiency. Of the 19 patients, 10 underwent surgery for correction of concomitant pelvic organ prolapse, which were distributed as follows: 6 patients with anterior or posterior colporrhaphy, 3 colpocleisis and 1 sacrocolpopexy by laparotomy. CONCLUSIONS: The readjustable sling is a good option for women with previous anti-incontinence interventions with recurrence in whom improvement in the degree of incontinence in relation to the initial one was demonstrated, a benefit that was reflected in better quality of life.

OnTrack Chile for people with early psychosis: a study protocol for a Hybrid Type 1 trial.

BACKGROUND: Substantial data from high-income countries support early interventions in the form of evidence-based Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) for people experiencing First Episode Psychosis (FEP) to ameliorate symptoms and minimize disability. Chile is unique among Latin American countries in providing universal access to FEP services through a national FEP policy that mandates the identification of FEP individuals in primary care and guarantees delivery of community-based FEP treatments within a public health care system. Nonetheless, previous research has documented that FEP services currently provided at mental health clinics do not provide evidence-based approaches. This proposal aims to address this shortfall by first adapting OnTrackNY (OTNY), a CSC program currently being implemented across the USA, into OnTrackChile (OTCH), and then examine its effectiveness and implementation in Chile. METHODS: The Dynamic Adaptation Process will be used first to inform the adaptation and implementation of OTCH to the Chilean context. Then, a Hybrid Type 1 trial design will test its effectiveness and cost and evaluate its implementation using a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) (N = 300 from 21 outpatient clinics). The OTCH program will be offered in half of these outpatient clinics to individuals ages 15-35. Usual care services will continue to be offered at the other clinics. Given the current COVID-19 pandemic, most research and intervention procedures will be conducted remotely. The study will engage participants over the course of 2 years, with assessments administered at enrollment, 12 months, and 24 months. Primary outcomes include implementation (fidelity, acceptability, and uptake) and service outcomes (person-centeredness, adherence, and retention). Secondary outcomes comprise participant-level outcomes such as symptoms, functioning, and recovery orientation. Over the course of the study, interviews and focus groups with stakeholders will be conducted to better understand the implementation of OTCH. DISCUSSION: Findings from this study will help determine the feasibility, effectiveness, and cost for delivering CSC services in Chile. Lessons learned about facilitators and barriers related to the implementation of the model could help inform the approach needed for these services to be further expanded throughout Latin America. TRIAL REGISTRATION: www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov NCT04247711 . Registered 30 January 2020. TRIAL STATUS: The OTCH trial is currently recruiting participants. Recruitment started on March 1, 2021, and is expected to be completed by December 1, 2022. This is the first version of this protocol (5/12/2021).

Serving young children with communication disabilities from Latinx backgrounds and their families with equity: Provider perspectives.

INTRODUCTION: Latinx children with communication disorders from birth to age 5 and their families are increasingly served in United States (US) educational and medical settings where longstanding structural barriers threaten their access to equitable assessment and intervention. However, little is known about providers' perceptions serving this highly diverse population as they relate to reducing disparities in care for communication disorders. METHODS: This exploratory qualitative study interviewed 24 speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and early intervention (EI)/early childhood special education (ECSE) developmental specialists serving young Latinx children with communication disorders to offer targeted recommendations toward improving equity. The semi-structured interview included questions regarding communication assessment, diagnostics/eligibility, intervention, interpretation, translation, and solutions to enhance EI/ECSE. Interviews were coded with content analysis using elements of grounded theory, and responses from SLPs in medical versus education settings and from EI/ECSE developmental specialists were compared. Data triangulation was used to validate themes. RESULTS: Analysis revealed the following themes related to provider challenges and resources: family factors, provider factors, cultural and linguistic differences, assessment approaches, eligibility determinations, translation and interpretation, and institutional factors. Few variations in themes between provider types (SLPs vs. EI/ECSE developmental specialists) and settings (medical vs. educational) were found. Providers also offered several policy and practice solutions. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest minimal advances in improving equity for young Latinx children with communication disorders over prior decades. Results also indicate that providers may benefit from reflecting on their cultures and biases as well as systemic racism within EI/ECSE.

[Description of a telehealth mental health programme in the framework of the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia]. / Descripción de un programa de telesalud mental en el marco de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Colombia.

Background: A telehealth mental health programme was designed at the LivingLab of the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidad de Antioquia [University of Antioquia].Objectives: To describe the development and operation of the programme and evaluate the satisfaction of the patients treated during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021.Methods: Descriptive study that details the development of the programme. Data were extracted from medical records to describe the patients who were treated. A satisfaction scale was applied to a random sample and the data were summarised with descriptive statistics.Results: In March 2020 and August 2021, 10,229 patients were treated, with 20,276 treated by telepsychology and 4,164 by psychiatry, 1,808 by telepsychiatry and 2,356 by tele-expertise, with a total of 6,312 visits. The most frequent diagnoses were depressive (36.8%), anxiety (12.0%), and psychotic (10.7%) disorders. Respondents were satisfied to the point that more than 93% would recommend it to another person.Conclusions: The LivingLab telehealth mental health programme allowed for the care of patients with mental health problems and disorders in Antioquia during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, and there was a high degree of satisfaction among the beneficiaries. Therefore it could be adopted in mental health care.

Evaluating bacterial resistance to antimicrobials in isolated bacteria from food contact surfaces / Evaluación de la resistencia bacteriana a los antimicrobianos en bactérias aisladas de superficies en contacto con alimentos / Avaliação da resistência bacteriana a antimicrobianos em bactérias isoladas de superfícies em contacto com alimentos

ABSTRACT Bacteria isolated from food contact surfaces, can transfer resistance factors when exposed to pressure exerted by inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to evaluate bacterial resistance against antibiotics and disinfectants commonly used (NaOCl and CH3COOH) in bacteria isolated from food contact surfaces. Additionally, using PCR, the presence of tetracycline resistance genes was evaluated. Results showed that 47% of the isolates exhibit resistance against more than one antibiotic, being Tetracycline the antibiotic that most isolates were resistant to (35.3%). A PCR analysis found that the tet M gene is the most frequent of the genes tested. Likewise, it was evidenced that although NaOCl is effective as a surface disinfectant, Aerococcus urinae and Kocuria kristinae isolates could resist up to 10 min of exposure. Likewise, all isolates were resistant to CH3COOH, demonstrating the low inhibitory capacity of this disinfectant. Finally, the observed correlation between resistance to antibiotics and resistance to disinfectants is confirmed. An important factor that should be studied since the generalized use of disinfectants can increase the spectrum of antibiotic resistance.

RESUMEN Bacterias aisladas de superficies en contacto con alimentos pueden transferir factores de resistencia cuando se exponen a presiones ejercidas por el uso inadecuado de agentes antimicrobianos. En este estudio se evaluó la resistencia bacteriana frente a antibióticos y desinfectantes de uso común (NaOCl y CH3COOH) en bacterias aisladas de superficies en contacto con alimentos. Adicionalmente, mediante la PCR se evaluó la presencia de genes de resistencia a la Tetraciclina. Los resultados mostraron que el 47% de los aislados presentaron resistencia a más de un antibiótico, siendo la Tetraciclina al que la mayoría de los aislamientos fueron resistentes (35,3%). El análisis de PCR encontró que el gen tet M fue el más frecuente. Además, se evidenció que, si bien el NaOCl es efectivo como desinfectante de superficies, Aerococcus urinae y Kocuria kristinae pudieron resistir hasta 10 minutos de exposición. Igualmente, todos los aislados fueron resistentes a CH3COOH, demostrando la baja capacidad inhibitoria de este desinfectante. Finalmente, se confirma una correlación entre la resistencia a antibióticos y desinfectantes. Un factor importante que conviene estudiar ya que el uso generalizado de desinfectantes podría incrementar el espectro de resistencia a los antibióticos.

RESUMO Bactérias isoladas de superfícies em contacto com alimentos podem transferir factores de resistência quando expostas a tensões exercidas pela utilização inadequada de agentes antimicrobianos. Neste estudo, foi avaliada a resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos e desinfectantes comummente utilizados (NaOCl e CH3COOOH) em bactérias isoladas de superfícies em contacto com alimentos. Além disso, a presença de genes de resistência à tetraciclina foi avaliada por PCR. Os resultados mostraram que 47% dos isolados mostraram resistência a mais do que um antibiótico, sendo a Tetraciclina a que a maioria dos isolados era resistente (35,3%). A análise PCR constatou que o gene tet M era o mais frequente. Além disso, era evidente que, embora NaOCl seja eficaz como desinfectante de superficie, Aerococcus urinae e Kocuria kristinae foram capazes de resistir até l0 minutos de exposição. Da mesma forma, todos os isolados eram resistentes ao CH3COOH, demonstrando a baixa capacidade inibitória deste desinfectante. Finalmente, é confirmada uma correlação entre a resistência aos antibióticos e a resistência aos desinfectantes. Este é um factor importante que deve ser estudado uma vez que a utilização generalizada de desinfectantes poderia aumentar o espectro da resistência aos antibióticos.

Intracoronary Delivery of Porcine Cardiac Progenitor Cells Overexpressing IGF-1 and HGF in a Pig Model of Sub-Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPC) are considered a good candidate in cell therapy for ischemic heart disease, demonstrating capacity to improve functional recovery after myocardial infarction (MI), both in small and large preclinical animal models. However, improvements are required in terms of cell engraftment and efficacy. Based on previously published reports, insulin-growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) have demonstrated substantial cardioprotective, repair and regeneration activities, so they are good candidates to be evaluated in large animal model of MI. We have validated porcine cardiac progenitor cells (pCPC) and lentiviral vectors to overexpress IGF-1 (co-expressing eGFP) and HGF (co-expressing mCherry). pCPC were transduced and IGF1-eGFPpos and HGF-mCherrypos populations were purified by cell sorting and further expanded. Overexpression of IGF-1 has a limited impact on pCPC expression profile, whereas results indicated that pCPC-HGF-mCherry cultures could be counter selecting high expresser cells. In addition, pCPC-IGF1-eGFP showed a higher cardiogenic response, evaluated in co-cultures with decellularized extracellular matrix, compared with native pCPC or pCPC-HGF-mCherry. In vivo intracoronary co-administration of pCPC-IGF1-eGFP and pCPC-HFG-mCherry (1:1; 40 × 106/animal), one week after the induction of an MI model in swine, revealed no significant improvement in cardiac function.

Stochastic force dynamics of the model microswimmer Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Active forces and energetics.

We study the stochastic force dynamics of a model microswimmer (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), using a combined experimental, theoretical, and numerical approach. While swimming dynamics have been extensively studied using hydrodynamic approaches, which infer forces from the viscous flow field, we directly measure the stochastic forces generated by the microswimmer using an optical trap via the photon momentum method. We analyze the force dynamics by modeling the microswimmer as a self-propelled particle, à la active matter, and analyze its energetics using methods from stochastic thermodynamics. We find complex oscillatory force dynamics and power dissipation on the order of 10^{6}k_{B}T/s(∼fW).

[Mental Health Global Action Programme (mhGAP) in Chile: Lessons Learned and Challenges for Latin America and the CaribbeanPrograma de ação mundial para reduzir as lacunas em saúde mental (mhGAP) no Chile: aprendizados e desafios para América Latina e Caribe]. / Programa de Acción Mundial para Superar las Brechas en Salud Mental (mhGAP) en Chile: aprendizajes y desafíos para América Latina y el Caribe.

OBJECTIVES: Present the methodology for comprehensive evaluation of the implementation of the Mental Health Global Action Programme (mhGAP) in Chile and describe the program's results. METHODS: Cross-sectional evaluative study based on a survey of key program informants deployed in 29 public health services in the country, as well as individual interviews and focus groups with key actors and experts. The evaluation was focused on the relevance and impact of mhGAP on the provision of mental health services and on the implementation of the program. RESULTS: The participants gave a positive evaluation of the progressive implementation of mhGAP in Chile. In particular: 1) They reported having better tools for detecting, diagnosing, and treating common disorders, and efficient referral strategies; (2) They rated all modules as important, the most relevant being self-harm/suicide (x¯ = 4.77) and mental and behavioral disorders in children and adolescents (x¯ = 4.58); (3) They favorably assessed the National Mental Health Day training courses and the subsequent courses repeated at the local level, indicating that these courses contributed to successful implementation of mhGAP; (4) They agreed on the need to incorporate new actors, strengthen certain aspects, and expand information on the program. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of mhGAP in Chile is an emblematic example of learning supported by the development of community mental health and family health, among other factors. These accomplishments offer a unique opportunity to continue advancing the implementation of this program in the country and to implement this experience in other contexts in Latin America and the Caribbean.

OBJETIVOS: Apresentar a metodologia de avaliação completa da implementação do Programa de ação mundial para reduzir as lacunas em saúde mental (Mental Health GAP, mhGAP) no Chile e descrever seus resultados. MÉTODOS: Estudo avaliativo transversal baseado em levantamento realizado com profissionais de referência do programa, distribuídos em 29 serviços de saúde da rede pública do país, e entrevistas individuais e grupos focais com as principais partes interessadas e especialistas. O enfoque da avaliação foi a relevância e o impacto do mhGAP na prestação de serviços de saúde mental e a implementação do programa. RESULTADOS: Os participantes do estudo avaliaram positivamente a implementação progressiva do mhGAP no Chile. Em particular, 1) eles afirmaram possuir recursos melhores para detecção, diagnóstico e tratamento de transtornos frequentes e estratégias de encaminhamento eficientes; 2) classificaram todos os módulos como importantes, com destaque a autoagressão/suicídio (x¯ = 4,77) e transtornos mentais e de comportamento em crianças e adolescentes (x¯ = 4,58); 3) avaliaram de forma favorável a realização das Jornadas Nacionais de Saúde Mental e suas iterações em nível local contribuindo ao sucesso da implementação do mhGAP e 4) concordaram com a necessidade de atrair mais interessados, reforçar alguns aspectos e ampliar a divulgação do programa. CONCLUSÕES: A implementação do mhGAP no Chile é um caso emblemático de aprendizado apoiado no avanço da saúde mental comunitária e saúde da família, entre outros fatores. Esta conquista cria uma oportunidade única para continuar a expandir a implementação do programa no país e disseminar esta experiência a outros contextos na América Latina e Caribe.

Asociación de la fuerza prensil con el riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores sedentarios / Association of grip strength with cardiovascular risk in sedentary workers

RESUMEN Objetivo Evaluar la fuerza prensil en trabajadores sedentarios como escrutinio de riesgo cardiovascular. Método Se realizó un estudio transversal con personal administrativo. Se midió la fuerza prensil y se relacionó con las variables antropométricas, el nivel de estilo de vida adoptado por los trabajadores, estimado con la prueba FANTÁSTICO, y el nivel de Actividad física, valorado con el Cuestionario IPAQ. Resultados En 152 participantes, no se encontró asociación de la fuerza prensil con las mediciones de actividad física y estilos de vida. Tampoco con marcadores tempranos de riesgo cardiovascular. La población tenía buenos estilos de vida con alto nivel de sedentarismo. A diferencia de otras investigaciones, nuestra población tenía índices de comorbilidad muy bajos y no eran ancianos. Esto podría explicar los resultados diferentes. Conclusión La fuerza prensil no parece ser útil en las evaluaciones de programas de estilos de vida en trabajadores sedentarios adultos con bajo nivel de comorbilidades.

ABSTRACT Objective To assess prehensile strength in administrative personnel as screening for cardiovascular risk. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out with administrative personnel. Prehensile strength was measured and was related to anthropometric variables, the level of lifestyle adopted by the workers, estimated with the FANTASTIC Test, and the level of physical activity, assessed with the IPAQ Questionnaire. Results In 152 participants, no association of prehensile strength was found with physical activity and lifestyles measurements. Nor with early cardiovascular risk markers. The population had good lifestyles with a high level of sedentary behavior. Unlike other investigations, our population had very low comorbidity rates and were not elderly. This could explain the different results. Conclusion Prehensile force does not seem to be useful in evaluating lifestyle programs in administrative personnel with a low level of comorbidities.

Crecimiento postraumático y variables psicosociales en víctimas de violencia política / Posttraumatic growth and psychosocial variables among victims of political violence

Resumen Antecedentes: la dictadura militar chilena (1973-1990) dejó miles de víctimas entre afectados directos y familiares, quienes pudieron desarrollar diversas secuelas en su salud mental. Objetivos: el presente estudio buscó evaluar un modelo predictivo de crecimiento postraumático (CPT) que incluía la ideología política, el afrontamiento religioso y la rumiación, en víctimas de la violencia política durante la dictadura. Método: participaron 200 personas adultas reconocidas en el Programa de Reparación y Atención Integral de Salud (PRAIS), encargada de brindar apoyo a las víctimas directas de violaciones a los derechos humanos durante la dictadura, y a sus familiares. De ellos 104 son mujeres (52%) y 96 hombres (48%), en un rango de edad entre los 30 y 91 años. Se utilizaron como instrumentos el Inventario de Crecimiento Postraumático, la Escala Breve de Afrontamiento Religioso, la Escala de Rumiación relacionada con el Evento y la Escala de Ideología Política. Resultados: los principales resultados indicaron que el afrontamiento religioso positivo y la rumiación deliberada predijeron el CPT. La rumiación deliberada media parcialmente entre el afrontamiento religioso positivo y el CPT. Conclusión: se concluye que el afrontamiento religioso positivo y el procesamiento cognitivo deliberado favorecen los cambios positivos en víctimas directas de la violencia política y sus familiares. Ante esto, se refuerza la idea que las víctimas de estas violaciones logran crecer después de estas experiencias dolorosas.

Abstract Background: The Chilean military dictatorship (1973-1990) left thousands of victims among those directly affected and their families, who were able to develop various mental health sequelae. Objective: The present study sought to evaluate a predictive model of posttraumatic growth (PTG) that included political ideology, religious coping and rumination in victims of political violence during the dictatorship. Method: The study involved 200 adults recognised in the Programme for Reparation and Integral Health Care (PRAIS), which is responsible for providing support to direct victims of human rights violations and their family members during the dictatorship. Out of these, 104 were women (52%) and 96 were men (48%) ranging in age from 30 to 91 years. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the Brief Religious Coping Scale, the Event-Related Rumination Scale and the Political Ideology Scale were used as instruments. Results: The main results indicated that positive religious coping and deliberate rumination predicted PTG. Deliberate rumination partially mediates between positive religious coping and PTG. Conclusion: It is concluded that positive religious coping and deliberate cognitive processing favour positive change in those directly affected by political violence and their family members. This reinforces the idea that victims of these violations manage to grow after these painful experiences.