Evaluation on the Efficacy and Safety of Panax Notoginseng Saponins in the Treatment of Stroke among Elderly People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 206 Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Evidence regarding the effect of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on treating elderly stroke patients is scare and inconsistent. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of PNS by means of meta-analysis so as to provide an evidence-based reference for the treatment of elderly patients with stroke. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and China Biomedical Database to identify the eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning using PNS to treat elderly people with stroke from their inception to first, May 2022. Meta-analysis was used for pool analysis of the included studies, whose quality was assessed via Cochrane Collaboration's RCT risk of bias tool. Results: Altogether 206 studies published between 1999 and 2022 with a low risk of bias were included, covering 21,759 participants. The results showed that the improved neurological status shown in the intervention group with PNS alone was statistically significant (SMD = -0.826, 95% CI: -0.946 to -0.707) in contrast to the control group. The total clinical efficacy (Relative risk (RR) = 1.197, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.165 to 1.229) and daily living activities (SMD = 1.675, 95% C: 1.218 to 2.133) of elderly stroke patients were significantly improved as well. In addition, the invention group using PNS combined with WM/TAU displayed significant improvement in neurological status (SMD = -1.142, 95% CI: -1.295 to -0.990) and the total clinical efficacy (RR = 1.191, 95% CI: 1.165 to 1.217) compared with the control group. Conclusion: Single PNS intervention or PNS combined with WM/TAU significantly improves the neurological status, the overall clinical efficacy and daily living activities of elderly stroke patients. However, more multicenter RCT research with high quality is required in the future to verify the results in this study. The trial registration number: Inplasy protocol 202330042. doi:10.37766/inplasy2023.3.0042.

The relationship between obesity and body compositions with respect to the timing of puberty in Chongqing adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: It is well known that excess adiposity during childhood may influence pubertal development. However, the extent to which body compositions vary in throughout puberty in boys and girls is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether obesity and body compositions correlate with the timing of puberty in boys and girls. METHODS: By random cluster sampling, our study analyzed data from 1472 students (690 girls, 782 boys) aged 6-17 years from two schools in the Chongqing area. Data were collected by physical examination of weight, height, and skinfold thicknesses. Testicular volume was measured in boys and breast development in girls. By which we got the indicators of obesity, timing of puberty and body compositions. Probit regression analysis was used to group subjects into early puberty (>P25), on-time puberty (P25 ~ P75), and delayed puberty ( 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In girls, delayed puberty was negatively correlated with Obesity, percentage of body fat, fat mass and fat-free mass, and positively correlated with body density. But in boys, delayed puberty was only negatively correlated with Obesity, the relation between puberty and body compositions was not found.

[Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its family factors for children and adolescents in Chongqing City in 2014].

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and family factors on metabolic syndrome( MS) in children and adolescents for Chongqing City. METHODS: Multi-stage cluster sampling was used to recruit 1309 children and adolescents between 10 and 17 years old for physical examination( height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure), blood biochemical examination( fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol)and questionnaire for family factors( breast feeding, delivery mode, birth weight, education of parents, height and weight of parents, family history of hypertension and diabetes, and so on). MS was diagnosed by the definition of metabolic syndrome and prophylaxis and treatment proposal in Chinese children and adolescents. RESULTS: The prevalence of MS on children and adolescents in Chongqing city was 5. 5%, and among normal weight, overweight, and obese groups were 0. 6%, 13. 8% and 41. 2%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed BMI of father( χ~2= 8. 237, P = 0. 016), BMI of mother( χ~2= 8. 978, P = 0. 011), occupation of father( χ~2= 7. 742, P = 0. 021), occupation of mother( χ~2= 6. 578, P = 0. 037) and family history of hypertension( χ~2=7. 684, P = 0. 006) were associated with MS. Logistic regression analysis showed father's overweight( OR = 1. 956, 95% CI 1. 176-3. 254), mother's obesity( OR = 2. 934, 95%CI 1. 230-6. 999) and family history of hypertension( OR = 1. 867, 95% CI 1. 139-3. 059) were risk factors for MS. CONCLUSION: The detection rate of MS on children and adolescents in Chongqing city is higher, and the mainly risk family factors are father's overweight, mother's obesity and family history of hypertension.

[Correlation of pubertal timing, obesity, and body composition of children and adolescents in Chongqing City].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation of pubertal timing, obesity, and body composition in children and adolescents in Chongqing city, China, and the difference in physical development and body fat among male and female students during puberty. METHODS: By a purposive sampling method, 1447 primary and junior high school students( 7- 17 years old) from two 9- year coherent-style schools in the Jiulongpo district( Chongqing City) were selected as research subjects. Height, weight, waist circumference, and skinfold thickness of the subjects were measured. In addition, breastdevelopment and age at first menstruation among female students and testicular volume and pubic hair development among male students were investigated. RESULTS: The average age at stage Ⅱ breast development for female students was 9. 78 years, while the average age at first menstruation was 12. 32 years. The average age at stage Ⅱ testicular development for male students was 11. 50 years, while the average age at stage Ⅱ pubic hair development was 12. 62 years. The incidence of overweight in female students from the group with early pubertal timing( 18. 8%) was found to be significantly higher than that of students from the group with normal pubertal timing( 7. 7%)( χ~2= 8. 881, P = 0. 005), while the incidence of obesity in the group with early pubertal timing( 18. 7%) was found to be significantly higher than that of the group with normal pubertal timing( 1. 5%)( χ~2=40. 653, P < 0. 001). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that early pubertal timing in female students was positively correlated with their weight( r = 0. 324, P <0. 001). The incidence of overweight in male students from the group with early pubertal timing( 17. 9%) was found to be significantly higher than that of the group with normal pubertal timing( 8. 3%)( χ~2= 5. 134, P = 0. 047). Spearman rank correlation analysis also showed a positive correlation between early pubertal timing in male students and their weight( r =0. 103, P =0. 030). All body composition indices of female students revealed the same pattern. Body composition indices of the group with early pubertal timing were greater than that of the group with normal pubertal timing, and body composition indices of the group with normal pubertal timing were greater than that of the group with late pubertal timing. The differences were statistically significant( P < 0. 001). The lean body mass index of male students from the group with early pubertal timing( 46. 718 ± 1. 186) was greater than that of the group with normal pubertal timing( 42. 114 ± 0. 437), and the lean body mass index of the group with normal pubertal timing was greater than that of the group with late pubertal timing( 37. 899 ± 0. 944). The differences were statistically significant( F =14. 870, P < 0. 001). CONCLUSION: Overweight, obesity, and body composition of female students in Chongqing city, China, correlate with early pubertal timing, while overweight and lean body mass of male students correlate with early pubertal timing.