How prescribing available pharmacotherapies for alcohol use disorder can impact the healthcare system: A retrospective quality improvement study.

Alcohol use disorder is a multifactorial undertreated chronic disorder influenced by genetic, psychological, and environmental factors. Numerous pharmacotherapies are available and effective but are underutilized in healthcare. The purpose of this retrospective quality improvement study is to determine the impact of education sessions on the availability and efficacy of medications (focusing on Naltrexone) to treat alcohol use disorder in the healthcare system. Control charts were implemented to monitor the system change in two comparable urban areas. Dispensing rates increased at three points after a series of presentations. The first increase from baseline was 2.47 times, the second 3.7, and the third 4.81. Coinciding with these, weekly visits to the emergency department also decreased by 35% and stabilized at a 15% reduction. It was also observed that alcohol use disorder hospital admission rates decreased by 21%, but bounced back once the education sessions ended. Combined with counselling, pharmacotherapies can be effective in combating alcohol use disorder, while potentially reducing demands on the healthcare system.

Application of quality improvement analytic methodology in emergency medicine research: A comparative evaluation.

OBJECTIVE: Quality improvement (QI) analytic methodology is rarely encountered in the emergency medicine literature. We sought to comparatively apply QI design and analysis techniques to an existing data set, and discuss these techniques as an alternative to standard research methodology for evaluating a change in a process of care. METHODS: We used data from a previously published randomized controlled trial on triage-nurse initiated radiography using the Ottawa ankle rules (OAR). QI analytic tools were applied to the data set from this study and evaluated comparatively against the original standard research methodology. RESULTS: The original study concluded that triage nurse-initiated radiographs led to a statistically significant decrease in mean emergency department length of stay. Using QI analytic methodology, we applied control charts and interpreted the results using established methods that preserved the time sequence of the data. This analysis found a compelling signal of a positive treatment effect that would have been identified after the enrolment of 58% of the original study sample, and in the 6th month of this 11-month study. CONCLUSIONS: Our comparative analysis demonstrates some of the potential benefits of QI analytic methodology. We found that had this approach been used in the original study, insights regarding the benefits of nurse-initiated radiography using the OAR would have been achieved earlier, and thus potentially at a lower cost. In situations where the overarching aim is to accelerate implementation of practice improvement to benefit future patients, we believe that increased consideration should be given to the use of QI analytic methodology.