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1.
Orthopedics ; 39(2): e346-52, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26913761

RESUMEN

Despite an increasing number of patients with metastatic bone disease (MBD), minimal data exist regarding outcomes of patients undergoing prophylactic femoral fixation for MBD when compared with other frequently performed orthopedic operations, such as hemiarthroplasty of the femur. The authors performed a retrospective database review evaluating these procedures due to similar operative times and patient populations and also reviewed common comorbidities such as body mass index (BMI). The goal was to provide updated results of prophylactic femoral fixation and evaluate whether certain patient risk factors (eg, BMI) altered 30-day survival for patients with MBD. The authors reviewed 1849 patients with and without MBD treated by prophylactic fixation and hemiarthroplasty from 2006 to 2011 identified in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. There were no significant differences in complications between patients undergoing surgical treatment for impending or actual femoral fracture. In addition, there were no differences between the 217 patients with MBD in either the hemiarthroplasty or prophylactic fixation groups because the rate of death within 30 days postoperatively was 5.56% and 3.30%, respectively (P=.526). When comparing BMI, obese patients had higher rates of wound infection, and underweight patients were more likely to develop pneumonia or die within 30 days postoperatively. Patients with impending femur fractures benefit from prophylactic fixation and perform as well in the short term as patients undergoing hemiarthroplasty. Certain BMI categories (underweight or obese) contributed to poorer outcomes. These findings provide updated information for discussing risks and benefits with surgical candidates.


Asunto(s)
Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Fijación de Fractura/métodos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Profilácticos/métodos , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento
3.
J Arthroplasty ; 30(9 Suppl): 68-71, 2015 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26129851

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to compare perioperative analgesia provided by single-injection adductor canal block (ACB) to continuous femoral nerve catheter (FNC) when used in a multimodal pain protocol for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). A retrospective cohort study compared outcome data for 148 patients receiving a single-injection ACB to 149 patients receiving an FNC. The mean length of stay (LOS) in the ACB group was 2.67 (±0.56) and 3.01 days (±0.57) in the FNC group (P<0.0001). The median ambulatory distances for the adductor group were further than the femoral group for postoperative days 1 (P<0.0001) and 2 (P=0.01). Single-injection ACB offered similar pain control and earlier discharge compared to continuous FNC in patients undergoing TKA.


Asunto(s)
Analgesia/métodos , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Rodilla/métodos , Nervio Femoral/efectos de los fármacos , Bloqueo Nervioso/métodos , Dolor Postoperatorio/prevención & control , Anciano , Cateterismo , Catéteres , Femenino , Nervio Femoral/fisiología , Humanos , Tiempo de Internación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Alta del Paciente , Periodo Perioperatorio , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Caminata
5.
J Arthroplasty ; 27(7): 1349-53, 2012 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22245125

RESUMEN

Recent reports have noted higher rates of heterotopic ossification (HO) with surface replacement arthroplasty (SRA) than with traditional total hip arthroplasty in the absence of postoperative HO prophylaxis. This study reports rates and grades of HO in 44 SRA patients with at least 1 year of follow-up. Heterotopic ossification prophylaxis was used in 32 (73%) of 44 cases. Heterotopic ossification prophylaxis consisted of radiotherapy (22/32), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (8/32), or both (2/32). One case of clinically significant HO was documented in the no-prophylaxis group. This strategy of selective HO prophylaxis in patients felt by orthopedic surgeons to be at high risk of HO resulted in low rates of clinically relevant HO after SRA (1/44, 2.3%). Further study is needed to establish optimal selection criteria for HO prophylaxis after SRA.


Asunto(s)
Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/efectos adversos , Osificación Heterotópica/epidemiología , Osificación Heterotópica/prevención & control , Osteoartritis de la Cadera/cirugía , Radioterapia/métodos , Adulto , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/uso terapéutico , Profilaxis Antibiótica , Celecoxib , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Incidencia , Indometacina/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pirazoles/uso terapéutico , Factores de Riesgo , Sulfonamidas/uso terapéutico , Resultado del Tratamiento
6.
J Arthroplasty ; 25(6 Suppl): 26-30, 2010 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20570096

RESUMEN

Large-head metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty represents novel technology, and outcome data are lacking. We prospectively compared the performance of a nonmodular metal-on-metal acetabular component (Durom; Zimmer, Warsaw, IN) with a modular titanium component (Trilogy, Zimmer). All Durom components placed at our institution with minimum 1-year follow up (n = 63) were compared with an age- and sex-matched Trilogy control group (n = 100). Failure defined as revision or persistent moderate/severe groin pain was significantly higher for the Durom (11.1%) compared with the Trilogy group (0%) (P = .002). Although all acetabular components in both groups appeared radiographically stable, no significant bone ingrowth was noted at the time of Durom revisions. We could not identify any patient/surgical-related factors predictive of failure. Further study is needed to determine the scientific basis for these observations.


Asunto(s)
Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/instrumentación , Prótesis de Cadera , Metales , Falla de Prótesis , Titanio , Artralgia/epidemiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Articulación de la Cadera/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación de la Cadera/cirugía , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteoartritis de la Cadera/cirugía , Estudios Prospectivos , Radiografía , Reoperación , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento
9.
J Orthop Res ; 25(2): 208-20, 2007 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17068814

RESUMEN

In this 18 month in vivo canine study we compared three methods of attaching the gluteal muscles to the proximal femur during hip reconstruction with an allograft-prosthesis composite (APC). All three methods are commonly practiced in human hip revision surgery and data on their effectiveness in dogs is directly relevant to human treatment. The methods compared were host gluteal tendon sutured to allograft tendon, host greater trochanter apposed to allograft using a cable grip system, and host cortical bone shells around the allograft secured with cerclage wires. For each method, we assessed changes in allograft-host bone fusion, weight bearing, gluteal muscle mass, and structural properties through qualitative radiography, gait analysis, histology, and biomechanical testing. Hip reconstruction using the WRAP method resulted in the greatest limb use with complete resolution of gluteal muscle atrophy 18 months after surgery. This method yielded a stronger, more stable hip joint that allowed for more normal limb function. These hips had the more rapid rate of bony union at the host bone-allograft junction and little resorption of the graft. The increased limb use and resultant larger gluteal muscle mass conferred to the WRAP hip composites the greatest tensile strength and stiffness when tested 18 months after reconstruction. There was a large amount of new bone formation on the periosteal surface where the WRAP reconstructions had an overlay of live bone that resulted in a more rapid union and increased cortical width at the level of the osteotomy. New bone also penetrated into the allograft a greater distance from the osteotomy in the WRAP group.


Asunto(s)
Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/métodos , Fracturas del Fémur/cirugía , Músculo Esquelético/cirugía , Procedimientos Ortopédicos/métodos , Animales , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Nalgas/patología , Nalgas/fisiopatología , Nalgas/cirugía , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Perros , Fracturas del Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fracturas del Fémur/patología , Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , Fémur/patología , Fémur/cirugía , Marcha/fisiología , Articulación de la Cadera/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación de la Cadera/patología , Articulación de la Cadera/cirugía , Prótesis de Cadera , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatología , Radiografía , Tendones/cirugía , Resistencia a la Tracción/fisiología , Trasplante Homólogo/métodos , Soporte de Peso/fisiología
10.
J Arthroplasty ; 21(6): 814-20, 2006 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16950032

RESUMEN

Parenteral opioid use after total knee (TKA) and hip (THA) arthroplasty often results in substantial functional interference and side effects. This prospective study compared use of traditional intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) with a novel oral regimen after TKA and THA. Sixty-two patients received IV PCA and 62 received scheduled long-acting and, as needed, short-acting oral opioids postoperatively. Surveys and chart audits documented functional interference, pain scores, opioid-related side effects, and opioid consumption. Patients who received the oral regimen had significantly less opioid consumption (P < .05) and experienced less functional interference (P < .05) than the IV PCA group. Both groups had similar pain scores and incidence of opioid side effects. This study demonstrates some significant advantages of an oral analgesic regimen compared with IV PCA after TKA and THA.


Asunto(s)
Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapéutico , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Rodilla , Dolor Postoperatorio/prevención & control , Administración Oral , Analgesia Controlada por el Paciente , Analgésicos Opioides/administración & dosificación , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dimensión del Dolor , Satisfacción del Paciente , Estudios Prospectivos
11.
J Arthroplasty ; 21(5): 724-30, 2006 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16877160

RESUMEN

Concurrent osteoarthritis of the hip and lumbar spine occurs frequently. Our study tests the hypothesis that hip anesthetic arthrograms can be used as predictive diagnostic tool before total hip arthroplasty when standard evaluation techniques fail to provide convincing evidence of the source of pain. Thirty-four consecutive hip anesthetic arthrograms were reviewed retrospectively. Quantified outcome measures included Visual Analog Pain Score, Harris Hip Score, and patient satisfaction. The pain relief after hip anesthetic arthrogram accurately predicted pain relief after hip arthroplasty (positive predictive value = 95.23%, negative predictive value = 87.5%). Our study supports the selected use of hip anesthetic arthrograms in the preoperative assessment of patients with concurrent hip and lumbar spine osteoarthritis associated with nondiagnostic history and physical examinations.


Asunto(s)
Osteoartritis de la Cadera/diagnóstico por imagen , Osteofitosis Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Vértebras Lumbares , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteoartritis de la Cadera/complicaciones , Dimensión del Dolor , Satisfacción del Paciente , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Radiografía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Osteofitosis Vertebral/complicaciones , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Resultado del Tratamiento
12.
Am J Vet Res ; 66(12): 2073-80, 2005 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16379649

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To compare expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K and histologic changes in canine cranial cruciate ligaments (CCLs) and human anterior cruciate ligaments (ACLs). STUDY POPULATION: Sections of cruciate ligaments from 15 dogs with ruptured CCLs, 8 aged dogs with intact CCLs, 14 human beings with ruptured ACLs, and 11 aged human beings with intact ACLs. PROCEDURE: The CCLs and ACLs were evaluated histologically, and cells containing TRAP and cathepsin K were identified histochemically and immunohistochemically, respectively. RESULTS: The proportion of ruptured CCLs that contained TRAP+ cells was significantly higher than the proportion of intact ACLs that did but similar to proportions of intact CCLs and ruptured ACLs that did. The proportion of ruptured CCLs that contained cathepsin K+ cells was significantly increased, compared with all other groups. Numbers of TRAP+ and cathepsin K+ cells were significantly increased in ruptured CCLs, compared with intact ACLs. The presence of TRAP+ cells was correlated with inflammatory changes, which were most prominent in ruptured CCLs. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that synovial macrophage-like cells that produce TRAP are an important feature of the inflammation associated with CCL rupture in dogs. Identification of TRAP and cathepsin K in intact CCLs and ACLs from aged dogs suggests that these enzymes have a functional role in cruciate ligament remodeling and repair. We hypothesize that recruitment and activation of TRAP+ macrophage-like cells into the stifle joint synovium and CCL epiligament are critical features of the inflammatory arthritis that promotes progressive degradation and eventual rupture of the CCL in dogs.


Asunto(s)
Fosfatasa Ácida/metabolismo , Lesiones del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/metabolismo , Catepsinas/metabolismo , Isoenzimas/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Membrana Sinovial/citología , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/patología , Catepsina K , Perros/lesiones , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica/veterinaria , Membrana Sinovial/metabolismo , Fosfatasa Ácida Tartratorresistente
13.
Arthroscopy ; 18(7): 779-88, 2002 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12209437

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate chondrocyte viability and surface contouring of articular cartilage using confocal laser microscopy (CLM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively, during different treatment time intervals with monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency energy (RFE). TYPE OF STUDY: In vitro analysis using chondromalacic human cartilage. METHODS: Forty-two fresh osteochondral sections from patients undergoing partial or total knee arthroplasties were used to complete this study. Each of 36 sections was divided into 2 distinct 1-cm(2) regions that were treated with either bipolar or monopolar RFE. Six sections were maintained as untreated controls. Six RF treatment time intervals were evaluated: 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 40 seconds (6 specimens per time interval per group). After treatment, each specimen was processed for CLM and SEM. RESULTS: CLM demonstrated that the depth of chondrocyte death in the monopolar RFE treatment group was significantly less than the bipolar group at each of the same time intervals (P <.05). SEM showed that each RFE device began to contour and smooth the articular surface after 15 seconds of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: When applying thermal chondroplasty, a broad treatment time range could result in variable degrees of cartilage smoothness and significant chondrocyte death.


Asunto(s)
Cartílago Articular/cirugía , Ablación por Catéter/métodos , Condrocitos/patología , Condrocitos/efectos de la radiación , Anciano , Artroplastia/métodos , Cartílago Articular/patología , Cartílago Articular/efectos de la radiación , Cartílago Articular/ultraestructura , Muerte Celular/efectos de la radiación , Condrocitos/ultraestructura , Humanos , Articulación de la Rodilla/cirugía , Microscopía Confocal/métodos , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo/métodos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Tiempo
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