Polysaccharides from Trametes versicolor as a Potential Prebiotic to Improve the Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet Mice.

Polysaccharides derived from Trametes versicolor have been found to exhibit hypolipidemic activity in hyperlipidemic mice, but the mechanism by which they modulate intestinal flora is still unclear. Currently, this study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of extracellular (EPTV) and intracellular polysaccharides from T. versicolor (IPTV) on the dysbiosis of intestinal flora in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The results showed that the oral administration of T. versicolor polysaccharides significantly ameliorated lipid accumulation and steatosis in hepatocytes. The gut dysbiosis in the HFD mice was characterized by a decrease in abundance and diversity of bacteria and an increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. However, T. versicolor polysaccharides attenuated these changes and reduced the relative abundance of bile-salt-hydrolase (BSH)-producing bacteria, such as Bacillus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium, and Lactococcus. It is noteworthy that T. versicolor polysaccharides also restored the disorganization of intestinal fungi in HFD mice, with EPTV treatment leading to a higher relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Ascomycota compared to IPTV. Additionally, T. versicolor polysaccharides enhanced the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria via the buk and but pathways, accompanied by an increase in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially butyrate. IPTV also increased the expression of G-protein-coupled receptors 41 (GPR41) and 43 (GPR43) by 40.52% and 113.24% each, as compared to 62.42% and 110.28%, respectively, for EPTV. It is suggested that IPTV and EPTV have the potential to counteract hyperlipidemia-associated intestinal flora disorders and improve lipid metabolism.

[Research on fibrinogen adsorption and its transformation response in hemocompatibility].

In this research,enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) was used to assay the fibrinogen (FIG) adsorbed on the Ti-O films and on the low temperature isotropic carbon (LTIC) films which were planted in the femoral arteries of 6 mongrel dogs for six months, respectively. The Ti-O films were planted in the dogs' left femoral arteries; the LTIC films as controls were planted in the dogs' right femoral arteries. The contents adsorbed in these two kinds of films were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The quantities of FIG adhered or denatured on the Ti-O films or LTIC films determined by ELISA, and the platelets adhered on the two kinds of films examined by SEM were of significant difference between the two groups. In the blood vessel, the amount of FIG adhered on biomaterial was related to its component and construction. FIG released electron to the biomaterial and induced the unfolding of C term of the gamma-chain of FIG, and the conjugation point and effect point were exposed. In conclusion, the biomaterial, which has the capability for resisting the electron release from FIG as well as for maintaining the invariable electric condition, will have excellent hemocompatibility.

[Improvement of the model of pancreas-duodenal transplantation in swines].

OBJECTIVE: To improve the procedures of pancreas-duodenal transplantation in swines in order to establish a technically stable model that accords with the physiological situation. METHODS: The whole pancreatoduodenal graft was harvested with in situ flush using 4 degrees C preservation solution. Type 1 diabetes was induced surgically by total pancreatectomy. By end-to-side fashion, the segment of abdominal aorta containing the celiac artery and the anterior mesenteric artery (equal to superior mesenteric artery in human) was anastomosed to the abdominal aorta of recipient which is behind the renal artery, the portal vein was anastomosed to the anterior mesenteric vein of the recipient, the duodenum was anastomosed to the jejunum of the recipient. The graft was placed in the anterior right peritoneal cavity. RESULTS: A total of 28 swines were used as recipients. Of them, two died of anesthetic accident, another two died of hyperacute rejection 2 hours, 19 hours after operation respectively; the others underwent the operation uneventfully. Their survival time was 5-21 days, blood sugar was (11.33+/-1.66) mmol/L on the first day after operation, and (5.65+/-0.89) mmol/L on the third day. CONCLUSION: This kind of model is stable, and the operative method and procedures are relatively simple and practicable.