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1.
Front Pharmacol ; 15: 1445597, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39449968

RESUMEN

Introduction: Zhachong Shisanwei Pill (ZSP) is a classical Mongolian formula that combines 13 types of Chinese medicinal materials and has been used for treating ischemic stroke (IS) for centuries. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of this study is to explore potential mechanism of ZSP on nerve cells in cerebral ischemic injury. Methods: To simulate the pathological process of oxidative stress following IS, an injury model using PC12 cells was induced with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Afterward, PC12 cells were treated with ZSP medicated serum at low, medium, and high doses. Various assays were conducted to assess cell viability and oxidative stress indicators, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Cell apoptosis was evaluated through morphological assessment and flow cytometry. Additionally, the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, PARP) and signaling pathway proteins (JNK, phosphorylated JNK, ERK, phosphorylated ERK, p38, and phosphorylated p38) were measured using automated Western blotting. Results: Our findings indicate that ZSP medicated serum preconditioning improves the condition of PC12 cells injured by H2O2. Specifically, it increased cell survival rates and reduced LDH release. Additionally, ZSP treatment decreased ROS levels and MDA content, while enhancing the activity of SOD and CAT in the injured PC12 cells. ZSP also reversed the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and protected cells from apoptosis by modulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, including Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, and PARP. Furthermore, the overactivation of the MAPK signaling pathway due to H2O2-induced injury was inhibited, as evidenced by the downregulation of phosphorylated JNK, ERK, and p38 levels. Discussion: Mongolian medicine ZSP demonstrates protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 cells. The underlying mechanism may involve the inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway, enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity, reduction of intracellular peroxidation levels, and suppression of intrinsic apoptosis pathways.

2.
Zhongguo Zhen Jiu ; 44(6): 631-6, 2024 Jun 12.
Artículo en Chino | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38867623

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effect of intradermal needling and acupuncture in prevention and treatment of leukopenia after chemotherapy with spleen-kidney deficiency. METHODS: A total of 90 patients with malignant tumor who received chemotherapy were randomly divided into a intradermal needling group (30 cases, 1 case dropped out), an acupuncture group (30 cases, 2 cases dropped out, 1 case was eliminated) and a control group (30 cases). The control group received conventional symptomatic treatment after chemotherapy. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, the intradermal needling group received intradermal needling at Guanyuan (CV 4), Dazhui (GV 14) and bilateral Geshu (BL 17), Zusanli (ST 36),Shenshu (BL 23), the needles were retained for 48 h, once every other day. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, the acupuncture group received conventional acupuncture at the same acupoints as the intradermal needling group, once every other day. The treatment started from the first day of chemotherapy, for a total of 2 weeks in the three groups. The white blood cell count, neutrophil count, hemoglobin content, platelet count and Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score before treatment and on 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st days after treatment were compared among the three groups. The incidence and grading of leukopenia and the usage of leukocyte-boosting drug during chemotherapy cycle was recorded. RESULTS: On 7th day after treatment, the white blood cell count in the intradermal needling group and the acupuncture group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). On the 14th day after treatment, the hemoglobin content in the intradermal needling group and the acupuncture group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). On the 7th, 14th, and 21st days after treatment, the platelet count in the acupuncture group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01), on the 14th and 21st days after treatment, the platelet count in the intradermal needling group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference among the three groups after treatment in terms of neutrophil count, KPS score, incidence and grading of leukopenia, and the usage of leukocyte-boosting drug (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Both intradermal needling and acupuncture can effectively increase peripheral blood white blood cell count, hemoglobin content and platelet count during chemotherapy cycle, reduce the toxicity of chemotherapy drug to bone marrow hematopoietic function, and alleviate bone marrow suppression after chemotherapy. The two treatments are equally effective.


Asunto(s)
Terapia por Acupuntura , Leucopenia , Humanos , Leucopenia/etiología , Leucopenia/prevención & control , Leucopenia/terapia , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Anciano , Bazo/efectos de los fármacos , Bazo/fisiopatología , Adulto Joven , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/terapia , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Riñón/fisiopatología , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Puntos de Acupuntura
3.
Nanoscale ; 8(1): 149-56, 2016 Jan 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26611402

RESUMEN

We present a facile method for the synthesis of nanorod arrays over large areas with fine control over the average rod-rod spacing. Block copolymer micelles are used to template solvothermal synthesis of ZnO nanorods by preferentially enabling reactant diffusion through the micelle cores to an underlying seed layer. The distance between nanorod centers is defined by the micelle number density which is in turn controlled by the molecular weight of the block copolymer, and the block copolymer concentration in a templating film. We demonstrate the ability to control the resulting nanorod number density from ∼100 µm(-2) down to ∼10 µm(-2) with high fidelity. Correspondingly, the distance between nanorod surfaces was varied from ∼60 nm to 230 nm. The method developed here provides a viable approach for rapidly fabricating large-area nanostructured electrodes comprised of nanorod arrays with controlled geometries. The ability to tailor nanorod spacing over a broad range suggests applications in photovoltaics and sensors based on optical resonances can be readily addressed.

4.
Macromol Rapid Commun ; 36(13): 1290-6, 2015 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25959572

RESUMEN

The fabrication of block copolymer (BCP) thin films is reported with vertically aligned cylindrical domains using continuous electrospray deposition onto bare wafer surfaces. The out-of-plane orientation of hexagonally packed styrene cylinders is achieved in the "fast-wet" deposition regime in which rapid evaporation of the solvent in deposited droplets of polymer solution drives the vertical alignment of the self-assembled structure. Thermally activated crosslinking of the polybutadiene matrix provides kinetic control of the morphology, freezing the vertical alignment and preventing relaxation of the system to its preferred parallel orientation on the nontreated substrate. Physically continuous vertically oriented domains can be achieved over several micrometers of film thickness. The ability of electrospray deposition to fabricate well-ordered and aligned BCP films on nontreated substrates, the low amount of material used relative to spin-coating, and the continuous nature of the deposition may open up new opportunities for BCP thin films.


Asunto(s)
Butadienos/química , Elastómeros/química , Membranas Artificiales , Nanoestructuras/ultraestructura , Poliestirenos/química , Acetona , Cloroformo , Cristalización , Técnicas Electroquímicas , Cinética , Ensayo de Materiales , Nanoestructuras/química , Tamaño de la Partícula , Solventes , Propiedades de Superficie , Tolueno
5.
Soft Matter ; 10(22): 3867-89, 2014 Jun 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24740355

RESUMEN

Self-assembly of soft materials is broadly considered an attractive means of generating nanoscale structures and patterns over large areas. However, the spontaneous formation of equilibrium nanostructures in response to temperature and concentration changes, for example, must be guided to yield the long-range order and orientation required for utility in a given scenario. In this review we examine directed self-assembly (DSA) of block copolymers (BCPs) as canonical examples of nanostructured soft matter systems which are additionally compelling for creating functional materials and devices. We survey well established and newly emerging DSA methods from a tutorial perspective. Special emphasis is given to exploring underlying physical phenomena, identifying prototypical BCPs that are compatible with different DSA techniques, describing experimental methods and highlighting the attractive functional properties of block copolymers overall. Finally we offer a brief perspective on some unresolved issues and future opportunities in this field.

6.
ACS Nano ; 7(4): 2960-70, 2013 Apr 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23451911

RESUMEN

Deposition of block copolymer thin films is most often accomplished in a serial process where material is spin coated onto a substrate and subsequently annealed, either thermally or by solvent vapor, to produce a well-ordered morphology. Here we show that under appropriate conditions, well-ordered block copolymer films may be continuously grown under substrate equilibrated conditions by slow deposition of discrete subattoliter quantities of material using electrospray. We conduct time-resolved observations and investigate the effects of process parameters that underpin film morphology including solvent selectivity, substrate temperature, block-substrate selectivity, and flow rate of the feed solution. For a PEO cylinder-forming poly(styrene-b-ethylene oxide) block copolymer, we uncover a wide temperature window from 90 to 150 °C and an ideal flow rate of 2 µL/min for ordered film deposition from dilute acetone solutions. PEO cylinders aligned with their long axes perpendicular to the film-air interface at optimal spray conditions. Using poly(styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) deposited onto neutrally selective surfaces, we show that the substrate-equilibrated process results in vertically oriented microdomains throughout the film, indicating a preservation of the initial substrate-dictated morphology during the film deposition. Electrospray offers a new and potentially exciting route for controlled, continuous growth of block copolymer thin films and manipulation of their microstructure.


Asunto(s)
Cristalización/métodos , Galvanoplastia/métodos , Membranas Artificiales , Nanoestructuras/química , Nanoestructuras/ultraestructura , Polietilenglicoles/química , Poliestirenos/química , Gases/química , Sustancias Macromoleculares/química , Ensayo de Materiales , Conformación Molecular , Tamaño de la Partícula , Propiedades de Superficie
7.
Indian J Pediatr ; 79(9): 1218-23, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21830027

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the fruit and vegetable (FV) intake of adolescents, assess factors influencing intake and discuss health education strategies related to this behavior. METHODS: In Hangzhou, China, 861 students aged 13.68 ± 1.03 years were randomly recruited to carry out a cross-sectional, school-based survey. The design of the survey questionnaire was based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of Behavior Change. Results of the survey rated FV consumption and children's readiness to assume healthier dietary choices. The study design incorporated the four core constructs of TTM: stages of change, processes of change, decisional balance and self-efficacy. Results were assessed by chi-square tests, analysis of variance, Tukey's post-hoc tests and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Majority of the participants were in the TTM contemplation stage of change. The average number of FV servings among participants was 3.12 ± 1.41 per day. The specific process of change, number of decisional balance pros (as opposed to cons), and self-efficacy ratings were positively correlated with stage of change transition (Spearman r > 0, P < 0.01). Stage transition, higher scores on self-efficacy and lower scores on cons predicted higher FV consumption (ß > 0, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of TTM may be a powerful personalized means of decreasing poor dietary behaviors and promoting healthy behaviors, compared to traditional methods of behavioral change.


Asunto(s)
Dieta , Frutas , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Verduras , Adolescente , China , Conducta de Elección , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Autoeficacia , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
8.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi ; 32(2): 142-5, 2011 Feb.
Artículo en Chino | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21518622

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of a health education program on sedentary behavior among primary and secondary school children through Transtheoretical Model. METHODS: Five primary schools and four middle schools were selected and students from grade 3 to 5 in primary schools and grade 1 to 2 in middle schools were selected to take part in the program, as control and intervention groups respectively. Corresponding intervention measures were provided to the intervention group, with phase, process and level of changing on sedentary behavior measured for both groups during the follow-up period. Comparison to the above items on the two groups was measured statistically. RESULTS: Behavior among the intervention group was gradually changed regarding: phase contemplation, preparation and maintenance, with the proportions in phase action and maintenance higher than the control group. After carrying out of intervention programs, the sedentary time on weekdays between the two groups did not show significant differences. However, the sedentary time on weekends of intervention group was (2.53 ± 1.62) hours, significantly lower than the hours from the baseline survey (2.84 ± 1.82) and the control group (2.78 ± 1.72) respectively. During the follow-up period, the average score of intervention group in the changing process was (2.98 ± 0.77), higher than the control group (2.80 ± 0.81). At the same time, the average score of intervention group in the process of changing, decisional balance (pros) and self-efficacy were 2.98 ± 0.77, 3.06 ± 0.75 and 3.13 ± 0.72, respectively, all higher than data from the baseline survey. In the control group, the process of changing and the average score on self-efficacy had improved. CONCLUSION: The corresponding intervention program seemed to have played a significant role among the school-aged children on their sedentary behavior during the weekend but no significant difference was found in the weekdays.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Crónica/prevención & control , Educación en Salud , Conducta Sedentaria , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Promoción de la Salud/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Instituciones Académicas , Estudiantes , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
9.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi ; 44(5): 444-7, 2010 May.
Artículo en Chino | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20654236

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To study the current situation and factors influencing the behavior of fruit and vegetable intake in adolescents, and to discuss health education strategy related to the behavior. METHODS: 1677 students were selected from primary school and middle school in urban area of Hangzhou by a multistage sampling method. The behavior of fruit and vegetable intake was surveyed by questionnaires of the patient-centered assessment and counseling for exercise plus nutrition project (PACE+) for adolescent-scale of fruit and vegetable consumption, and analyzed by Transtheoretical Model on the servings of intake, the stage of change, process of change, decisional balance and the current status of self-efficacy. RESULTS: The average intake of fruit and vegetable in adolescents was (3.21 +/- 1.50) servings per day ("one serving" means 100 g cooked vegetable or 100 g fruit). The behavior of consuming fruit and vegetable in most of the adolescents was in the contemplation stage, accounting for 36.91% (619/1677). The process of behavior change, decisional balance (Pros) and self-efficacy existed a positive correlation with the process of stage (r(process) = 0.38, r(decisional balance (Pros)) = 0.26, r(self-efficacy) = 0.33, t values were 16.78, 11.02 and 14.31, P < 0.05). The servings of fruit and vegetable intake existed a positive correlation with stage transition and self-efficacy (beta(stage transition) = 0.665, t = 35.07, P < 0.05; beta(self-efficacy) = 0.050, t = 2.63, P < 0.05), and existed a negative correlation with decisional balance (Cons) (beta(decisional balance (Cons)) = -0.051, t = -2.84, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Fruit and vegetable intake of these adolescents are under the recommended dietary intake. Along with behavior stage development and self-efficacy improvement, the intake of fruit and vegetable also increased correspondingly. Intervention strategies should aim at improving the awareness of adolescents on the health benefits of fruit and vegetable intake and promoting their confidence to reach the recommended servings.


Asunto(s)
Conducta Alimentaria , Frutas , Modelos Teóricos , Verduras , Adolescente , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Adolescentes , Niño , China , Ingestión de Alimentos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudiantes , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
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