Effects of resveratrol on polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

PURPOSE: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the heightened ovarian dysfunction associated with excessive androgen production, manifesting with hirsutism, abnormal menstrual cycle, and polycystic ovaries. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the effect of resveratrol on laboratory parameters of PCOS women will be assessed. METHODS: An electronic search via PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus was performed up to February 2023 for randomized controlled trials conforming to our pre-specified outcomes. A random-effects model was utilized, with cohorts compared using mean differences. RESULTS: Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, reporting 84 patients receiving resveratrol, and 85 patients receiving placebo. It was observed that resveratrol significantly improved prolactin levels (P = 0.02), acne scores (P = 0.008), and total cholesterol (P = 0.02). However, there were no significant improvements observed with respect to total testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), lutenizing hormone (LH), body mass index (BMI), hirsutism scores, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). CONCLUSION: As per the results of our analysis, resveratrol demonstrates mild therapeutic potential for the sufferers of PCOS, and cannot replace the current established treatment guidelines. However, further comprehensive RCTs are required in order to assess the efficacy in long-term dosing and the safety profile of the use of resveratrol.

Bombay Blood Group Phenotype Misdiagnosed As O Phenotype: A Case Report.

Bombay blood group is a rare type that was initially identified in the city of Bombay, India. It is characterized by the presence of serum antibodies anti-A, anti-B, and anti-H, which can cause agglutination in all blood groups within the ABO system. The clinical importance of the Bombay blood group lies in its inability to receive transfusions from other blood groups. In this case report, we present a case of a young male who was initially misdiagnosed as having an O phenotype, resulting in a hemolytic transfusion reaction. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with rare blood phenotypes.

Nasal spray (Zavegepant) for migraines: a mini-review.

Neurological disorders, especially migraines, pose a significant global burden. This has driven the recent innovative research being conducted in the field of anti-migraine therapies, including the discovery of Zavegepant for the treatment of acute migraine attacks. Zavegepant is a novel, first-in-class, intranasally administered calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist that has recently been approved for use in acute migraine attacks. Recent randomized controlled trials comparing Zavegepant with a placebo have demonstrated favorable results with respect to primary endpoints, as well as a desirable safety profile. The current first-line therapy consists of oral triptans, which are associated with lower efficacy, weaker safety profile, and an unsatisfactory preference rate among patients. Moreover, the intranasal method of administration is a characteristic advantage of Zavegepant, as patients suffering from acute migraine attacks cannot easily ingest oral medication, due to severe nausea and vomiting. In this mini-review, the efficacy and safety of Zavegepant will be compared with those of alternative treatments available for migraines, including oral triptans, intranasal triptans, and other CGRP antagonists currently available in the market. With currently available research, Zavegepant holds superiority over other forms of treatment and can be included in the current treatment guidelines for migraine attacks. However, further research is necessary to effectively assess Zavegepant's long-term efficacy, safety, tolerability, and drug-drug interactions.