The Paradoxical Clinical Course of Persons with Gambling Disorder and Comorbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

The co-occurrence of gambling disorder (GD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been widely reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the social background, clinical characteristics, and clinical course of initial-visit GD patients with and without ADHD in a Japanese psychiatric hospital. We recruited 40 initial-visit GD patients and collected comprehensive information by self-report questionnaires, direct interviews, and medical records. 27.5% of the GD patients had comorbid ADHD. Compared to the GD patients without ADHD, those with ADHD had significantly higher comorbidity rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), lower rates of marriage, slightly less years of education and marginally lower employment rates. On the other hand, the GD patients with ADHD showed higher treatment retention rates and participation rates in the mutual support group. Despite presenting with disadvantageous characteristics, GD patients with ADHD exhibited a more favourable clinical course. Therefore, clinicians should be mindful of the possibility of ADHD comorbidity and the potential for better clinical outcomes among GD patients with ADHD.

Report on the 1st and 2nd Japan Young Psychiatrists Organization Online International Networking Meetings (JOIN meetings) in 2021 and 2022.

Since 2002, the Japan Young Psychiatrists Organization (JYPO) has conducted an annual face-to-face Course for Academic Development of Psychiatrists (CADP). Since 2021, we held two international online meetings and studied whether it was possible to acquire professional and leadership skills. We found that participants were able to acquire knowledge and become acquainted with professional and leadership skills in online meetings. However, they didn't enough enable participants to get to know each other, develop friendships, or acquire professional and leadership skills. The advantages of online meetings included lower cost, avoiding infection during the pandemic, and the easy use of course materials.

Effectiveness of psychological first aid in infectious disease pandemics: An overview of systematic reviews.

There is insufficient research on the usefulness of psychological interventions, such as psychological first aid (PFA), during outbreaks. We searched for and critically appraised systematic reviews that examined the effectiveness of PFA during infectious disease outbreaks, such as the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Systematic reviews that examined the efficacy of PFA in the severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Ebola virus disease, and COVID-19 outbreaks were searched through PubMed on February 19, 2021. The three included systematic reviews were critically appraised and assessed using AMSTAR-2. One review's overall confidence in its findings was evaluated as "high," which suggested that PFA training had a favorable effect on healthcare personnel. Furthermore, the review also demonstrated that PFA was commonly used during outbreaks and could be delivered through multiple methods, such as a phone or video call. Although it was anticipated that PFA would improve subjective well-being, reports showed no evidence of reduced depression or insomnia. Future studies should examine additional numbers of PFA recipients and conduct quasi-experimental studies to better understand the effectiveness of PFA. Evidence on its effectiveness in infectious disease outbreaks is still lacking, along with research and evaluation methods. Quasi-experimental studies, such as comparisons with other psychological interventions, are required to better understand the effectiveness of PFA.