RESUMEN
Anthropogenic waste streams can be major sources of antibiotic resistant microbes within the environment, creating a potential risk to public health. We examined patterns in the occurrence of a suite of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and their links to enteric bacteria at a popular swimming beach in Australia that experiences intermittent contamination by sewage, with potential points of input including stormwater drains and a coastal lagoon. Samples were collected throughout a significant rainfall event (40.8 mm over 3 days) and analysed using both qPCR and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Before the rainfall event, low levels of faecal indicator bacteria and a microbial source tracking human faeces (sewage) marker (Lachno3) were observed. These levels increased over 10x following rainfall. Within lagoon, drain and seawater samples, levels of the ARGs sulI, dfrA1 and qnrS increased by between 1 and 2 orders of magnitude after 20.4 mm of rain, while levels of tetA increased by an order of magnitude after a total of 40.8 mm. After 40.8 mm of rain sulI, tetA and qnrS could be detected 300 m offshore with levels remaining high five days after the rain event. Highest levels of sewage markers and ARGs were observed adjacent to the lagoon (when opened) and in-front of the stormwater drains, pinpointing these as the points of ARG input. Significant positive correlations were observed between all ARGs, and a suite of Amplicon Sequence Variants that were identified as stormwater drain indicator taxa using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data. Of note, some stormwater drain indicator taxa, which exhibited correlations to ARG abundance, included the human pathogens Arcobacter butzleri and Bacteroides fragilis. Given that previous research has linked high levels of ARGs in recreationally used environments to antimicrobial resistant pathogen infections, the observed patterns indicate a potentially elevated human health risk at a popular swimming beach following significant rainfall events.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos , Aguas del Alcantarillado , Australia , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana/genética , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Genes Bacterianos , Humanos , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Agua de Mar , Aguas del Alcantarillado/microbiologíaRESUMEN
This Canadian study aimed to better understand the provision of spiritual care in long-term care homes, its purpose/importance, the role of a spiritual care provider (SCP)/chaplain, effective practices, and challenges. Online survey responses revealed the need for spiritual care and the robust role of SCPs. Recommendations are made for more consistent employ and integration of SCPs, supported by sector-specific training and a system to connect LTC homes with skilled SCPs.
Asunto(s)
Cuidado Pastoral , Terapias Espirituales , Canadá , Humanos , Cuidados a Largo Plazo , EspiritualidadRESUMEN
How are spiritual needs addressed in long-term care? This quantitative study explored the level of spiritual care offered and qualifications of spiritual care providers in 177 LTC homes in Ontario. Data showed 49% of homes employ Spiritual Care Providers (SCPs), with more positions in urban and not-for-profit homes. Findings revealed SCPs bring a substantial skill set, attending to needs of residents, families and team members. More consistent staffing for spiritual care provision across the sector is recommended.
Asunto(s)
Cuidado Pastoral , Terapias Espirituales , Humanos , Cuidados a Largo Plazo , Casas de Salud , Ontario , Recursos HumanosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to establish whether predictable structural relationships exist between macular thickness parameters and anatomically related visual field (VF) defects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The optical coherence tomography (OCT) macular scans and automated VFs of 127 eyes of 127 glaucoma patients were examined retrospectively. The macular scan parameters recorded included the superior inner and outer sectors and the inferior inner and outer sectors. For the VFs, the threshold sensitivities of the central 4×4 points were recorded. The 16 points were grouped into superior outer, superior inner, inferior inner, and inferior outer rows, and the mean of each row was calculated. The OCT macular scan sectors and the VF rows were compared using the Spearman correlation. RESULTS: Statistically significant structural relationships between each macular parameter and its anatomically related VF defect were noted in this study. Highest correlations were found between the inferior outer macular thickness and the superior outer VF region, the inferior inner macular and the superior inner VF region, the superior inner macula and the inferior inner VF region, and the superior outer macula and the inferior outer VF region. CONCLUSIONS: As a predictable and significant structural relationship exists between macular thickness and VF defects, macular scan OCT should be studied further and considered more carefully in the diagnosis and management of glaucoma.
Asunto(s)
Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto/diagnóstico , Mácula Lútea/patología , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Trastornos de la Visión/diagnóstico , Campos Visuales , Femenino , Gonioscopía , Humanos , Presión Intraocular/fisiología , Glaucoma de Baja Tensión/diagnóstico , Masculino , Tamaño de los Órganos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estadística como Asunto , Tonometría Ocular , Pruebas del Campo VisualRESUMEN
In January 2003, the Royal Society of Chemistry launched Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry (OBC)--a journal promising to provide high quality research from all aspects of synthetic, physical and biomolecular organic chemistry. The journal was set to build upon the foundations laid down by its predecessor publications (J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 and J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2) as well as complement the subject coverage already published in prestigious general chemistry journals such as Chemical Communications and Chemical Society Reviews. Nearly two years on, just how is the programme developing and what can the community expect to see from the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)?
Asunto(s)
Química Orgánica/tendencias , Publicaciones/tendencias , Bioquímica/tendencias , Modelos Biológicos , Modelos Moleculares , Estructura Molecular , Estructura Terciaria de Proteína , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
In January 2003, the Royal Society of Chemistry launched Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry (OBC)--a journal promising to provide high quality research from all aspects of synthetic, physical and biomolecular organic chemistry. The journal was set to build upon the foundations laid down by its predecessor publications (J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 and J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2) as well as complement the subject coverage already published in prestigious general chemistry journals such as Chemical Communications and Chemical Society Reviews. Nearly two years on, just how is the programme developing and what can the community expect to see from the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)?
Asunto(s)
Bioquímica/tendencias , Química Orgánica/tendencias , Publicaciones/tendencias , Modelos Biológicos , Modelos Moleculares , Estructura Molecular , Estructura Terciaria de Proteína , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
In January 2004, the Royal Society of Chemistry launched Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry (OBC) - a journal promising to provide high quality research from all aspects of synthetic, physical and biomolecular organic chemistry. The journal was set to build upon the foundations laid down by its predecessor publications (J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 and J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2) as well as complement the subject coverage already published in prestigious general chemistry journals such as Chemical Communications and Chemical Society Reviews. Nearly two years on, just how is the programme developing and what can the community expect to see from the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)?