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1.
Acta Derm Venereol ; 104: adv39891, 2024 May 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38813742

RESUMEN

Registers recording only 1 tumour per patient do not enable assessment of the real burden of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. To investigate recent changes in the incidence and characteristics of tumours, a retrospective 15-year patient cohort study was performed in Finland. Histopathological diagnoses of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas diagnosed between 2016 and 2020 were obtained from the pathology database and clinical data from patient medical records and combined with previously collected data for the years 2006-2015. Altogether 1,472 patients with 2,056 tumours were identified. The crude incidence increased from 19/100,000 persons in 2006 to 42 in 2020 (p < 0.001), increasing most in people aged over 80 years. The percentage of tumours located on the trunk increased from 5.3% during the first 5-year period, 2006-2010, to 9.0% in 2016-2020. Also, the location of tumours was significantly different between men and women, as men had more tumours on the scalp and ears, and women on the lower limbs. A slight change in the tumours from poorly to well differentiated and a decrease in the invasion depth were noted between 2006 and 2020. As the burden of tumours continues to increase, more attention should be paid to their prevention.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Humanos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/epidemiología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Finlandia/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Masculino , Femenino , Incidencia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Factores de Tiempo , Distribución por Sexo , Distribución por Edad , Adulto Joven , Invasividad Neoplásica , Adolescente , Niño
3.
Acta Derm Venereol ; 101(4): adv00443, 2021 Apr 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33846758

RESUMEN

Dermatitis herpetiformis is a cutaneous manifestation of coeliac disease. Anaemia is a common finding in patients with untreated coeliac disease, but little is known about the occurrence of anaemia in those with dermatitis herpetiformis. This study investigated the prevalence of anaemia and factors associated with anaemia in 250 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis, at diagnosis and one year after diagnosis. As controls, 139 patients with coeliac disease were included. Patient records were reviewed to gather baseline clinical, histological, and laboratory data. Follow-up data for patients with dermatitis herpetiformis were collected from patient records and via questionnaires or at follow-up visits. The prevalence of anaemia was 12% in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis and 17% in patients with coeliac disease at diagnosis (p = 0.257). Anaemia in patients with dermatitis herpetiformis was not associated with the severity of skin symptoms or small bowel damage. The prevalence of anaemia at a 1-year follow-up had increased to 19%, but it was associated mainly with dapsone treatment.


Asunto(s)
Anemia , Enfermedad Celíaca , Dermatitis Herpetiforme , Anemia/diagnóstico , Anemia/epidemiología , Enfermedad Celíaca/diagnóstico , Enfermedad Celíaca/epidemiología , Dermatitis Herpetiforme/diagnóstico , Dermatitis Herpetiforme/epidemiología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Prevalencia
4.
Arch Dermatol Res ; 313(10): 879-884, 2021 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32772261

RESUMEN

The incidence of keratinocyte carcinomas is increasing worldwide and currently there is no standardised strategy for the follow-up of patients with multiple tumours. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of premalignant lesions, i.e., actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease, as well as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous melanoma (CM) among patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Pathology database search was performed to identify all cSCC patients diagnosed in the Pirkanmaa region of Finland in 2006-2015. Details of the patients and tumours were obtained through medical record review. The cohort consisted of 774 patients with 1131 cSCC tumours. Overall 559 patients (72%) had premalignant lesions. A total of 316 patients (41%) had BCC and 52% of these (n = 164) had more than one BCC tumour. 50 patients (6%) had CM. Overall 180 cSCC patients (23%) had no premalignant changes, BCC or CM. The median age of these patients was 6 years less than that of the patients with premalignant lesions (p < 0.001) or BCC (p < 0.001). The invasion depth of the tumours was deeper in the patients with only cSCC (median 3 mm, interquartile range 2-6) than in those with premalignant lesions or BCC (median 2 mm, interquartile range 1-3), p < 0.001. CSCC patients have a high risk of developing multiple skin cancers and need long-term follow-up.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Basocelular/epidemiología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiología , Queratosis Actínica/epidemiología , Melanoma/epidemiología , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/epidemiología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/epidemiología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma Basocelular/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Femenino , Finlandia/epidemiología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Queratosis Actínica/patología , Masculino , Melanoma/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Invasividad Neoplásica , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/patología , Prevalencia , Medición de Riesgo/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores de Riesgo , Piel/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología
5.
Acta Derm Venereol ; 100(8): adv00121, 2020 Apr 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32255495

RESUMEN

Recognising patients with high risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas is essential in planning effective monitoring. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of local recurrences and metastases of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in a previously defined patient cohort in Finland. Pathology database search was performed to identify cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma patients and their medical records were reviewed. The cohort consisted of 774 patients with 1,131 cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma tumours. Overall, 4.2% (48/1,131) of the tumours were metastatic and 2.2% (25/1,131) had a local recurrence. Three of the metastatic tumours and 8 of the recurrent tumours had an invasion depth of ≤ 2 mm. The majority of metastases (28/48; 58%) were found within 3 months of the diagnosis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. In conclusion, our study demonstrated recurrences and metastases even in the case of thin cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas and in high-risk cases close monitoring should be organised during the first years after diagnosis.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/secundario , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/epidemiología , Lesiones Precancerosas/epidemiología , Cuero Cabelludo , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Finlandia/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Invasividad Neoplásica , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Torso
6.
Clin Exp Metastasis ; 37(2): 365-376, 2020 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32076905

RESUMEN

Recent data have demonstrated no survival benefit to immediate completion lymph node dissection (CLND) for positive sentinel node (SN) disease in melanoma. It is important to identify parameters in positive SNs, which predict prognosis in melanoma patients. These might provide prognostic value in staging systems and risk models by guiding high-risk patients' adjuvant therapy in clinical practice. In this retrospective study of university hospital melanoma database we analyzed tumor burden and prognosis in patients with positive SNs. Patients were stratified by the diameter of tumor deposit, distribution of metastatic focus in SN, ulceration and number of metastatic SNs. These were incorporated in Cox proportional hazard regression models. Predictive ability was assessed using Akaike information criterion and Harrell's concordance index. A total of 110 patients had positive SN and 104 underwent CLND. Twenty-two (21%) patients had non-SN metastatic disease on CLND. The 5-year melanoma specific survival for CLND-negative patients was 5.00 years (IQR 3.23-5.00, range 0.72-5.00) compared to 3.69 (IQR 2.28-4.72, range 1.01-5.00) years in CLND-positive patients (HR 2.82 (95% CI 1.17-6.76, p = 0.020).The models incorporating distribution of metastatic focus and the largest tumor deposit in SN had highest predictive ability. According to Cox proportional hazard regression models, information criterions and c-index, the diameter of tumor deposit > 4 mm with multifocal location in SN despite of number of metastatic SN were the most important parameters. According to the diameter of tumor deposit and distribution of metastatic focus in SN, adequate stratification of positive SN patients was possible and risk classes for patients were identified.


Asunto(s)
Metástasis Linfática/patología , Melanoma/mortalidad , Ganglio Linfático Centinela/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/mortalidad , Carga Tumoral , Anciano , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Escisión del Ganglio Linfático/estadística & datos numéricos , Metástasis Linfática/terapia , Masculino , Melanoma/patología , Melanoma/terapia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Ganglio Linfático Centinela/cirugía , Biopsia del Ganglio Linfático Centinela/estadística & datos numéricos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/terapia
7.
Surg Oncol ; 30: 72-75, 2019 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31500789

RESUMEN

Melanoma causes substantial burden of medical costs and years of life lost. Wide variations in melanoma diagnosis and treatment have been identified at least in the United States, Australia, Germany, Italy and France [1]. The variation especially in the quality of reporting on pathological specimens has been reported. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the impact of expert pathology review of melanoma on the staging and thus treatment decisions in cutaneous melanoma patients in a multidisciplinary tumor board. A total of 567 patients were referred to the multidisciplinary meeting with a diagnosis of new invasive or in situ melanoma from 14.10.2014 to 31.5.2018. Among these patients, a second expert histopathologic review resulted in changes in interpretation for 46 out of 567 (8%) patients. Of patients originally diagnosed with melanoma, pathologic review led to a change in diagnosis to benign lesions in 19 cases. The Breslow thickness changed >0.3 mm in 22 cases leading changes in staging and thus treatment. Minor changes (≤0.3 mm) in Breslow thickness was found in 5 cases. Our data suggest that review of melanoma by an expert dermatopathologist results in frequent, clinically meaningful alterations in diagnosis, staging and surgical treatment. The confirmation of a cancer diagnosis should be the first step in the initiation of multidisciplinary monitoring especially in patients younger than 40 years old and early-stage tumors.


Asunto(s)
Toma de Decisiones , Melanoma/patología , Patólogos/normas , Planificación de Atención al Paciente , Grupo de Atención al Paciente/organización & administración , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Comunicación Interdisciplinaria , Masculino , Melanoma/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Variaciones Dependientes del Observador , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/cirugía , Melanoma Cutáneo Maligno
8.
J Invest Dermatol ; 139(10): 2108-2114, 2019 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30998982

RESUMEN

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an extraintestinal manifestation of celiac disease causing an itchy, blistering rash. Granular IgA deposits in the skin are pathognomonic for DH, and the treatment of choice is a lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD). Preliminary evidence suggests that there are patients with DH who redevelop gluten tolerance after adherence to a GFD treatment. To evaluate this, we performed a 12-month gluten challenge with skin and small-bowel mucosal biopsy samples in 19 patients with DH who had adhered to a GFD for a mean of 23 years. Prechallenge biopsy was negative for skin IgA and transglutaminase 3 deposits in 16 patients (84%) and indicated normal villous height-to-crypt depth ratios in the small bowel mucosa in all 19 patients. The gluten challenge caused a relapse of the rash in 15 patients (79%) in a mean of 5.6 months; of these 15 patients, 13 had skin IgA and transglutaminase 3 deposits, and 12 had small-bowel villous atrophy. In addition, three patients without rash or immune deposits in the skin developed villous atrophy, whereas one patient persisted without any signs of relapse. In conclusion, 95% of the patients with DH were unable to tolerate gluten even after long-term adherence to a GFD. Therefore, lifelong GFD treatment remains justified in all patients with DH.


Asunto(s)
Dermatitis Herpetiforme/dietoterapia , Dermatitis Herpetiforme/patología , Dieta Sin Gluten/métodos , Inmunoglobulina A/metabolismo , Intestino Delgado/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Biopsia con Aguja , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Finlandia , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina A/inmunología , Inmunohistoquímica , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Seguridad del Paciente , Estudios Prospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento
9.
Acta Derm Venereol ; 99(4): 412-416, 2019 Apr 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30628632

RESUMEN

The incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is increasing worldwide. In most epidemiological studies, only the first case of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is registered, underestimating the burden of the disease. To determine the frequency and detailed characteristics of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in a Finnish patient cohort, we performed a retrospective 10-year study taking into account multiple tumours in one patient. On the pathology database search and medical record review we identified 774 patients with a total of 1,131 cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas. The crude incidence increased from 18.6/100,000 persons in 2006 to 28.1 in 2015. The location of tumours differed between men and women: the greatest difference concerned cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the ear, with 93% of cases occurring in men. One fourth (24%) of patients had more than one tumour. A small shift from poorly to well-differentiated tumours was seen. In conclusion, the incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma increased, with many patients presenting with multiple tumours.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/epidemiología , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/epidemiología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/epidemiología , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirugía , Diferenciación Celular , Bases de Datos Factuales , Finlandia/epidemiología , Humanos , Incidencia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/patología , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Distribución por Sexo , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/cirugía , Factores de Tiempo
10.
Anticancer Res ; 35(7): 3767-72, 2015 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26124320

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Expression of novel stem cell-associated marker human embryonic stem cell 77 (HES77) was studied in rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), which comprise 10 to 15% of gastroenteropancreatic NETs, some with metastatic potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS: WHO 2010 classification was applied, and immunohistochemical positivity for HES77 was assessed in 72 primary tumors and 6 metastases. Correlations were calculated between HES77 expression, metastasis and patient survival. RESULTS: Expression of HES77 strongly positively correlated with metastatic potential and poorer prognosis. The proliferative index determined in the metastasis did not correlate with patient survival. CONCLUSION: Novel stem cell-associated marker HES77 has a strong prognostic value in patients with rectal NETs and may be useful in selecting those who are at-risk for developing metastatic disease, and who may benefit from intensive adjuvant therapy. Proliferative index in the metastasis did not predict for outcome. Characterization of the HES77 epitope would certainly enhance the interest in the antibody.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias Intestinales/metabolismo , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Neoplasias del Recto/metabolismo , Células Madre/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Intestinales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Intestinales/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/diagnóstico , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/patología , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patología , Pronóstico , Neoplasias del Recto/diagnóstico , Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología
11.
Virchows Arch ; 467(3): 279-84, 2015 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26063416

RESUMEN

PROX1 is a homeobox transcription factor involved in the development of the lens, liver and heart and found upregulated in colorectal cancers. We studied PROX1 expression by immunohistochemistry in rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Approximately 10 to 15 % of gastroenteropancreatic NETs occur in the rectum, and some may metastasize. Yet little is known about the molecular pathogenesis of rectal NETs or their metastasis propensity. The objectives were to find out whether PROX1 plays a role in progression of rectal NETs and whether it has value as prognostic marker. In grading of rectal NETs, we applied the WHO 2010 classification. We carried out immunohistochemical staining of PROX1 on 72 primary tumors and six metastases and evaluated nuclear positivity in each tumor. Correlation between PROX1 expression, metastasis and patient survival was then assessed. Annexin A1, a downstream target of PROX1, was immunohistochemically assessed in 18 tumors. PROX1 protein was detected in about half of the tumors, with stronger expression in metastasized cases. PROX1 expression correlated with tumor metastasis and patient prognosis. Annexin A1 was negative in most of the high-grade tumors correlating strongly with grade and metastatic potential. Our results indicate that immunohistochemical detection of PROX1 correlates with a more malignant phenotype in rectal NETs. High PROX1 expression was associated with increased metastatic potential and poor patient survival but not as strongly as grade by the WHO 2010 classification. PROX1 may be involved in progression of rectal NETs as a part of the Wnt pathway.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Proteínas de Homeodominio/metabolismo , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/patología , Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/metabolismo , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Proteínas de Homeodominio/análisis , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/análisis
12.
Hum Pathol ; 45(8): 1605-9, 2014 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24824027

RESUMEN

Rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare tumors representing 10% to 15% of gastroenteropancreatic NETs. The grade of these tumors, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2010 classification and based on Ki-67 index and mitotic count, correlates with their metastatic potential. We studied the expression of a cell cycle regulatory protein, cyclin A, in rectal NETs. Our tumor series of rectal NETs comprised 73 tumors, of which 71 cases were available for immunohistochemistry. We assessed how well expression of cyclin A predicts the occurrence of metastatic lesions. Expression of cyclin A correlated well with metastatic potential because all tumors with high expression (≥5%) were metastatic. Cyclin A expression and WHO 2010 grade were independent prognostic factors. Cyclin A failed to recognize 3 metastatic tumors classified as grade 2 tumors. On the other hand, 2 grade 2 tumors with low expression of cyclin A remained local. The WHO 2010 classification showed excellent prognostic accuracy for rectal NETs. Additional reliable prognostic tools would nevertheless be valuable. This study showed cyclin A expression to correlate well with metastatic potential. Both cyclin A and WHO 2010 grade were very specific in identifying patients at risk for metastasis (100% versus 96%). Grade was more sensitive (100% versus 60%). Tumors with strong expression of both cyclin A and Ki-67 were all metastatic, and these patients will require careful monitoring and may benefit from adjuvant therapy.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Ciclina A/metabolismo , Metástasis de la Neoplasia/patología , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/secundario , Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/metabolismo , Pronóstico , Neoplasias del Recto/metabolismo , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Adulto Joven
13.
Neuroendocrinology ; 95(4): 317-24, 2012.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22327359

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Approximately 10-15% of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (NETs, carcinoids) occur in the rectum, some of which are potentially able to metastasize. The new WHO 2010 classification of NETs applies to all gastroenteropancreatic NETs, but no reports have studied its correlation with the prognosis of rectal NETs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively classified 73 rectal NETs according to the novel WHO 2010 and the previous WHO 2000 classifications. The aim was to assess the validity of the classifications in distinguishing indolent rectal NETs from metastasising tumours. RESULTS: Using the WHO 2010 criteria, we identified 61 G1 tumours, none of which had metastasised during follow-up. Of 11 G2 tumours, 9 had shown distant metastases. The only G3 neuroendocrine carcinoma that occurred had been disseminated at initial presentation. CONCLUSION: Our results show that rectal NETs classified as G1 according to the WHO 2010 classification have an indolent clinical course, whereas G2 NETs often metastasise. The WHO 2010 classification of NETs predicts the metastatic potential of rectal NETs better than the WHO 2000 classification.


Asunto(s)
Clasificación/métodos , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/clasificación , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/clasificación , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/patología , Neoplasias del Recto/clasificación , Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Organización Mundial de la Salud , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Finlandia/epidemiología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/mortalidad , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Estadificación de Neoplasias/métodos , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/diagnóstico , Tumores Neuroendocrinos/mortalidad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Neoplasias del Recto/diagnóstico , Neoplasias del Recto/mortalidad , Sistema de Registros , Adulto Joven
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