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Background: Previous research indicated that vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) is an independent multifunctional protein that plays a vital role in acute inflammatory and tissue damage. However, its role in acute lung injury (ALI) due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unclear, and studies are lacking. This study intends to investigate the difference in serum VDBP levels in COVID-19 patients with ALI or without ALI and further explore the role of VDBP in the inflammatory response of ALI through cellular models. Methods: The serum was collected from COVID-19 patients, and the concentration of serum VDBP was detected. Construct a VDBP gene-silencing plasmid and transfect it into human alveolar epithelial A549 cells. After 72 hours of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intervention, The inflammatory factors interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected, and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect cell viability. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis. Results: The serum concentration of VDBP was significantly higher in COVID-19 with ALI (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis indicated serum VDBP positively correlated with leukocyte (r=0.329, P = 0.002), c-reaction protein (r = 0.470, P < 0.001), serum amyloid A (r = 0.900, P < 0.001), procalcitonin (r = 0.670, P < 0.001), and interleukin 6 (r = 0.452, P < 0.001). Simultaneously, the logistic regression analysis showed that increased serum VDBP was an independent risk factor for ALI in COVID-19 patients (OR 1.003 95% CI 1.001-1.006, P = 0.002). In human alveolar epithelial A549 cells, after LPS intervention, the inflammatory factor IL-1ß and TNF-A significantly reduced in the VDBP gene silencing group compared to the negative control (NC) group (P < 0.05). The cell viability of the VDBP gene silencing group was significantly increased compared to the NC group, and the cell apoptosis rate was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In COVID-19 patients, acute lung injury may lead to increased serum concentration of VDBP. VDBP plays a vital role in promoting inflammatory response and apoptosis of bronchial epithelial cells.
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BACKGROUND: The mortality of pneumonia in older adults surpasses that of other populations, especially with the prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Under the influence of multiple factors, a series of geriatric syndromes brought on by age is one of the main reasons for the poor prognosis of pneumonia. This study attempts to analyze the impact of geriatric syndrome on the prognosis of pneumonia. METHODS: This is a prospective cross-sectional study. Patients over 65 years old with COVID-19 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-negative community-acquired pneumonia (SN-CAP) were included in the research. General characteristics, laboratory tests, length of stay (LOS), and comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) were collected. Multivariate regression analysis to determine the independent predictors of the severity, mortality, and LOS of COVID-19. At the same time, the enrolled subjects were divided into three categories by clustering analysis of 10 CGA indicators, and their clinical characteristics and prognoses were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 792 subjects were included in the study, including 204 subjects of SN-CAP (25.8%) and 588 subjects (74.2%) of COVID-19. There was no significant difference between non-severe COVID-19 and SN-CAP regarding mortality, LOS, and CGA (P > 0.05), while severe COVID-19 is significantly higher than both (P < 0.05). The Barthel Index used to assess the activities of daily living was an independent risk factor for the severity and mortality of COVID-19 and linearly correlated with the LOS (P < 0.05). The cluster analysis based on the CGA indicators divided the geriatric pneumonia patients into three groups: Cluster 1 (n = 276), named low ability group, with the worst CGA, laboratory tests, severity, mortality, and LOS; Cluster 3 (n = 228), called high ability group with the best above indicators; Cluster 2 (n = 288), named medium ability group, falls between the two. CONCLUSION: The Barthel Index indicates that decreased activities of daily living are an independent risk factor for the severity, mortality, and LOS of geriatric COVID-19. Geriatric syndrome can help judge the prognosis of pneumonia in older adults.
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COVID-19 , Infecciones Comunitarias Adquiridas , Evaluación Geriátrica , Humanos , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Masculino , Femenino , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , COVID-19/mortalidad , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/diagnóstico , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Infecciones Comunitarias Adquiridas/mortalidad , Infecciones Comunitarias Adquiridas/diagnóstico , Tiempo de Internación/estadística & datos numéricos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , SARS-CoV-2 , Neumonía/mortalidad , Neumonía/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Actividades CotidianasRESUMEN
The electric field-assisted composting system (EACS) is an emerging technology that can enhance composting efficiency, but little attention has been given to electrode materials. Herein, an EACS was established to investigate the effects of electrode materials on humic substance formation and heavy metal speciation. Excitation-emission matrix analysis showed that carbon-felt and stainless-steel electrodes increased humic acid (HA) by 48.57 % and 47.53 %, respectively. In the EACS with the carbon-felt electrode, the bioavailability factors (BF) of Cu and Cr decreased by 18.00 % and 7.61 %, respectively. Despite that the stainless-steel electrodes decreased the BF of As by 11.26 %, the leaching of Cr, Ni, Cu, and Fe from the electrode itself is an inevitable concern. Microbial community analyses indicated that the electric field increased the abundance of Actinobacteria and stimulated the multiplication of heavy metal-tolerant bacteria. Redundancy analysis indicates that OM, pH, and current significantly affect the evolution of heavy metal speciation in the EACS. This study first evaluated the metal leaching risk of stainless-steel electrode, and confirmed that carbon-felt electrode is environment-friendly material with high performance and low risk in future research with EACS.
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Compostaje , Metales Pesados , Suelo/química , Metales Pesados/análisis , Sustancias Húmicas/análisis , Acero Inoxidable , Bacterias , CarbonoRESUMEN
Novel tourmaline-biochar composites (TBs) were synthesized by introducing tourmaline (TM) into pomelo peel biochar (BC). The surface properties of TBs and BC were studied and the adsorption performances for Pb2+ were investigated. Compared to pristine BC, the adsorption ability for Pb2+ on TBs was enhanced with the increase of TM in TBs, and up to 514.62 mg/g on 5%TB. The enrichment of inorganic metals caused by TM in TBs made the precipitation and cation ion exchange become the main mechanisms in adsorbing Pb2+, and the amounts of adsorbing Pb2+ by those two mechanisms on TBs were 1.10-1.48 times and 1.20-1.30 times those of BC, respectively. Furthermore, applying TBs to practical contaminated soil increased the soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) after 15 days of incubation. The increased content of residual-Pb and reduced exchangeable-Pb and DTPA-Pb indicated that TBs were favorable for the immobilization of Pb in soil. This study gives a new perspective on the synthesis of tourmaline-biochar composite and their application in Pb-polluted water and soil.
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BACKGROUND: Observational studies cannot accurately infer the causal associations between oral health status and psychiatric disorders. METHODS: We conducted univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with eight oral health statuses (periodontitis, DMFS, Nteeth, toothache, loose teeth, painful gums, bleeding gums, and mouth ulcers) and four psychiatric disorders (Schizophrenia, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), anxiety and stress-related disorder (ASRD), and Bipolar Disorder (BIP)) as instrumental variables. Genetic data were sourced from the Gene-lifestyle interactions in dental endpoints (GLIDE), UK Biobank, Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC), and Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH). The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) approach, supported by a comprehensive sensitivity analysis, was employed. RESULTS: Genetically predicted mouth ulcers were significantly linked to higher MDD (OR = 2.17, 95 % CI: 1.33--3.54, P< 0.01) and BIP risks (OR = 2.25, 95 % CI: 1.22-4.15, P = 0.01). BIP heightened bleeding gums risk (OR = 1.01, 95 % CI: 1.00-1.01, P < 0.01). These associations were adjusted for smoking status and alcohol consumption. Painful gums were significantly associated with MDD risk (OR = 96.48, 95 % CI: 2.66-3495.28, P = 0.01), while MDD raised periodontitis risk (OR = 2.15, 95 % CI: 1.24-3.75, P = 0.01), both confounded by smoking and alcohol. Relatively small effects between several variables, while others could not withstand correction for multiple tests. LIMITATIONS: The sample size and limitation to European populations limits the study generalizability. CONCLUSIONS: This study provide evidence of possible causal relationships between several oral health conditions and mental illness. Focusing on oral health and valuing mental health are important for each other and overall health.
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Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Trastornos Mentales , Úlceras Bucales , Periodontitis , Humanos , Salud Bucal , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/epidemiología , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/genética , Análisis de la Aleatorización Mendeliana , Trastornos Mentales/epidemiología , Trastornos Mentales/genética , Estudio de Asociación del Genoma Completo , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido SimpleRESUMEN
The heterogeneous Fenton-like systems induced by Fe-containing minerals have been largely applied for the degradation of organic pollutants. However, few studies have been conducted on biochar (BC) as an additive to Fenton-like systems mediated by iron-containing minerals. In this study, the addition of BC prepared at different temperatures was found to significantly enhance the degradation of contaminants in the tourmaline-mediated Fenton-like system (TM/H2O2) using Rhodamine B (RhB) as the target contaminant. Furthermore, the hydrochloric acid-modified BC prepared at 700 °C (BC700(HCl)) could achieve complete degradation of high concentrations of RhB in the BC700(HCl)/TM/H2O2 system. Free radical quenching experiments showed that TM/H2O2 system removed contaminants mainly mediated by the free radical pathway. After adding BC, the removal of contaminants is mainly mediated by the non-free radical pathway in BC700(HCl)/TM/H2O2 system which was confirmed by the Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In addition, BC700(HCl) had broad feasibility in the degradation of other organic pollutants (Methylene Blue (MB) 100%, Methyl Orange (MO) 100%, and tetracycline (TC) 91.47%) in the tourmaline-mediated Fenton-like system. Possible pathways for the degradation of RhB by the BC700(HCl)/TM/H2O2 system were also proposed.
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Contaminantes Ambientales , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/química , Minerales , Radicales LibresRESUMEN
This paper examined the impacts of different pretreatments on the characteristics of biochar and its adsorption behavior for Pb2+. Biochar with combined pretreatment of water-washing and freeze-drying (W-FD-PB) performed a maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ of 406.99 mg/g, higher than that of 266.02 mg/g on water-washing pretreated biochar (W-PB) and 188.21 mg/g on directly pyrolyzed biochar (PB). This is because the water-washing process partially removed the K and Na, resulting in the relatively enriched Ca and Mg on W-FD-PB. And the freeze-drying pretreatment broke the fiber structure of pomelo peel, favoring the development of a fluffy surface and large specific surface area during pyrolysis. Quantitative mechanism analysis implied that cation ion exchange and precipitation were the driving forces in Pb2+ adsorption on biochar, and both mechanisms were enhanced during Pb2+ adsorption on W-FD-PB. Furthermore, adding W-FD-PB to Pb-contaminated soil increased the soil pH and significantly reduced the availability of Pb.
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Contaminantes del Suelo , Agua , Plomo , Adsorción , Contaminantes del Suelo/química , Carbón Orgánico/química , SueloRESUMEN
Purpose: Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis began to show resistance to azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic commonly used in pregnancy. Unfortunately, there are few effective and safe drugs in the clinic for genital mycoplasmas in pregnant women. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence of azithromycin-resistant U. urealyticum and M. hominis infections in pregnant women. The secondary research objects were possible influencing factors and consequences of insensitive Mycoplasma infection. Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out in pregnant women who underwent cervical Mycoplasma culture between October 2020 and October 2021 at a large general hospital in eastern China. The sociological characteristics and clinical information of these women were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 375 pregnant women were enrolled, and 402 cultured mycoplasma specimens were collected. Overall, 186 (49.60%) patients tested positive cervical Mycoplasma infection, and 37 (9.87%) had infections caused by azithromycin-resistant Mycoplasma. In total, 39 mycoplasma samples were insensitive to azithromycin in vitro, also showing extremely high resistance to erythromycin, roxithromycin, and clarithromycin. Azithromycin was the only antibiotic used in women with Mycoplasma cervical infection, regardless of azithromycin resistance in vitro. Statistical results showed that azithromycin-resistant cervical Mycoplasma infection in pregnant women was unrelated to age, body mass index (BMI), gestational age, number of embryos, and assisted reproductive technology (ART) use, but led to a significantly increased incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (spontaneous abortion (SA), preterm birth (PTB), preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM), and stillbirth). Conclusion: Azithromycin-resistant U. urealyticum and M. hominis cervical infections are relatively common during pregnancy, and can increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes; however, there is currently a lack of safe and effective drug treatments. Herein, we show that azithromycin-resistant mycoplasma infection requires timely intervention.
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This study was designed to investigate the effects of Tai Chi training on moderate to severe Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the stable phase. This was a 2-arm randomized clinical trial. A total of 226 COPD patients with moderate to severe in the stable phase were allocated to either the control group or the observation group. The observation of the frequency of acute exacerbation for both groups lasted for at least 52 weeks follow-up. Changes in lung function and symptom scores of health-related quality of life (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire score) were also compared between the 2 groups. The accompanying anxiety and depressive symptoms of the patients were evaluated using the Self-Rating Depression Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale prior to the procedure and 52 weeks later. Patients with moderate to severe COPD in China were divided into the Tai Chi group (n = 116) or control group (n = 110). After excluding 10 patients who fell off, 108 patients were enrolled in each group. Evidently, the matched group had higher exacerbation rate than the Tai Chi group (P < .05). Both groups showed no significant improvement in lung function (P > .05) but showed significant improvement in morbidity of acute exacerbation and quality of life (P < .05) compared with their former performance. Compared with regular therapy, Tai Chi also improved health-related quality of life (P < .05). The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores of the 2 groups of patients after treatment and 52-week after treatment showed a notable decrease (P < .05). Overall, Tai Chi treatment was well tolerated. For moderate to severe COPD patients, regular treatment with Tai Chi can not only improve their health-related quality of life but also reduce the exacerbation rate compared with regular treatment alone. Tai Chi is recommended for COPD rehabilitation.
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Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica , Taichi Chuan , Humanos , Calidad de Vida , ChinaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to understand the longitudinal trajectory of suicidal ideation (SI) among Chinese medical students and the role of childhood trauma (CT). METHODS: Using a whole-group sampling method, we assessed SI in 2192 (male = 834, female = 1358) medical students on three occasions over a period of one year. The Suicidal Ideation Self-Assessment Scale (SISAS) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) were used to assess SI and CT. The growth mixture modeling (GMM) was used to classify the developmental trajectory of SI. RESULTS: A greater number of medical students were experiencing suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The trajectory of SI among medical students was divided into two groups: a low risk, slowly rising group and a high risk, continuous group. The low risk, slowly rising group had a significant time effect (B = 1.57, p < 0.001) and showed a slowly increasing trend. Emotional neglect (EN), physical neglect (PN), emotional abuse (EA) and physical abuse (PA) all had significant positive predictive effects for the high risk, continuous group (B = 0.18-0.65, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The trajectory of SI among medical students can be divided into a low risk, slowly rising group and a high risk, continuous group; the more EN, PN, EA and PA experienced during childhood, the more likely medical students are to develop a high risk, continuous state of SI.
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Experiencias Adversas de la Infancia , COVID-19 , Estudiantes de Medicina , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Ideación Suicida , Pandemias , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Humic substances (HSs) are key indicators of compost maturity and are important for the composting process. The application of additives is generally considered to be an efficient and easy-to-master strategy to promote the humification of composting and quickly caught the interest of researchers. This review summarizes the recent literature on humification promotion by additives in the composting process. Firstly, the organic, inorganic, biological, and compound additives are introduced emphatically, and the effects and mechanisms of various additives on composting humification are systematically discussed. Inorganic, organic, biological, and compound additives can promote 5.58-82.19%, 30.61-50.92%, 2.3-40%, and 28.09-104.51% of humification during composting, respectively. Subsequently, the advantages and disadvantages of various additives in promoting composting humification are discussed and indicated that compound additives are the most promising method in promoting composting humification. Finally, future research on humification promotion is also proposed such as long-term stability, environmental impact, and economic feasibility of additive in the large-scale application of composting. It is aiming to provide a reference for future research and the application of additives in composting.
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Compostaje , Suelo , Sustancias Húmicas/análisis , EstiércolRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Marine fishermen experience high levels of environmental and relationship stress and anxiety. The current study explored the role of stress in the relationship between neuroticism and anxiety symptoms among marine fishermen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants (fishermen from Tanmen in Qionghai city, Hainan Province) completed three questionnaires: the NEO-Five-Factor Inventory-Neuroticism Subscale (NEO-FFI-N); the Mental Stressor Investigation Questionnaire (MSIQ); and the Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire-30-item-Anxious Arousal Subscale (MASQ-D30-AA) within 1 week before embarking on a fishing trip and then again within 1 week after their return to port. The data were subjected to correlational analyses and structural equation modelling. RESULTS: Positive correlations were found between NEO-FF-N (neuroticism) score, MSIQ score (total stress), MSIQ work-relationship score, ship environmental stress score, and MASQ score (anxiety symptoms). Regression analyses showed environmental stress had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between neuroticism and anxiety symptoms, and further analysis showed a mediating effect of work-relationship stress on the relationship between neuroticism and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Marine fishermen with high environmental stress had greater anxiety symptoms than those with low environmental stress. Neuroticism in marine fishermen further affects anxiety symptoms by affecting the level of work-relationship stress.
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Ansiedad , Estrés Laboral , Humanos , Neuroticismo , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Ansiedad/diagnóstico , Trastornos de Ansiedad/epidemiología , Trastornos de Ansiedad/diagnóstico , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , DepresiónRESUMEN
The emergence of the COVID-19 epidemic has affected the lives of hundreds of millions of people globally. There is no doubt that the development of fast and sensitive detection methods is crucial while the worldwide effective vaccination programs are miles away from actualization. In this study, we have reported an electrochemical N protein aptamer sensor with complementary oligonucleotide as probe for the specific detection of COVID-19. The electrochemical aptasensor was prepared by fixing the double-stranded DNA hybrid obtained by the hybridization of N protein aptamer and its Fc-labeled complementary strand on the surface of a gold electrode. After incubation with the target, the aptamer dissociated from the labeled complementary DNA oligonucleotide hybrid to preferentially bind with N protein in the solution. The concentration of N protein was measured by detecting the changes in electrochemical current signals induced by the conformational transformation of the complementary DNA oligonucleotide left on the electrode surface. The sensor had a linear relationship between the logarithm of the N protein concentration from 10 fM to 100 nM (ΔIp = 0.098 log CN protein/fM - 0.08433, R2 = 0.99), and the detection limitation was 1 fM (S/N = 3). The electrochemical aptamer sensor was applied to test the spiked concentrations of throat swabs and blood samples from three volunteers, and the obtained results proved that the sensor has great potentials for the early detection of COVID-19 in patients.
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Aptámeros de Nucleótidos , Técnicas Biosensibles , COVID-19 , Aptámeros de Nucleótidos/química , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , COVID-19/diagnóstico , ADN Complementario , Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Electrodos , Oro/química , Humanos , Límite de Detección , Unión ProteicaRESUMEN
The potential risk of various contaminants in water has recently attracted public attention. Biochars and modified biochars have been widely developed for environmental remediation. Metal and heteroatom co-doped biochar composites (MHBCs) quickly caught the interest of researchers with more active sites and higher affinity for contaminants compared to single-doped biochar by metal or heteroatoms. This study provides a comprehensive review of MHBCs in wastewater decontamination. Firstly, the main fabrication methods of MHBCs were external doping and internal doping, with external doping being the most common. Secondly, the applications of MHBCs as adsorbents and catalysts in water treatment were introduced emphatically, which mainly included the removal of metals, antibiotics, dyes, pesticides, phenols, and other organic contaminants. Thirdly, the removal mechanisms of contaminants by MHBCs were deeply discussed in adsorption, oxidation and reduction, and degradation. Furthermore, the influencing factors for the removal of contaminants by MHBCs were also summarized, including the physicochemical properties of MHBCs, and environmental variables of pH and co-existing substance. Finally, futural challenges of MHBCs are proposed in the leaching toxicity of metal from MHBCs, the choice of heteroatoms on the fabrication for MHBCs, and the application in the composite system and soil remediation.
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Carbón Orgánico , Restauración y Remediación Ambiental , Adsorción , Carbón Orgánico/química , MetalesRESUMEN
In this study, a Fenton-like system was constructed by CaO2 and nano-Fe3O4 in the co-composting system of straw and sediment. Its effect on the passivation of heavy metals and the evolution of microbial community were investigated. The results showed that the establishment of CaO2-Fenton-like system increased the residual Cu and residual Zn by 27.62% and 16.80%, respectively. In addition, the CaO2-Fenton-like system facilitated the formation of humic acid (HA) up to 20.84 g·kg-1. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the CaO2-Fenton-like system accelerated bacterial community succession and promoted the passivation of Cu and Zn. Structural equation models (SEMs) indicated that Fenton reaction affected Cu and Zn passivation by affecting pH, bacterial communities, and HA. This study shows that the CaO2-Fenton-like system could promote the application of composting in the remediation of heavy metals contamination in sediment.
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Compostaje , Metales Pesados , Microbiota , Bacterias , Sustancias Húmicas/análisis , Metales Pesados/análisis , SueloRESUMEN
This paper investigated the effects of attapulgite addition on the physicochemical processes, heavy metal transformation, and microbial community during the composting of agricultural wastes and sediment. In addition, the correlation between environmental factors, heavy metals (HMs), and microbial community was also assessed by redundancy analysis (RDA). The results showed that pile B with attapulgite addition entered the thermophilic phase earlier and lasted longer than pile A as the control group. The reduction in the bioavailability of HMs (Cr, Cd, and Zn) was also greater in pile B, and the passivation of HMs was ranked as Cd > Zn > Cr. The relative abundance of phylum Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria was the highest throughout the composting process. Furthermore, the RDA showed that the bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with temperature and C/N ratio in pile A, while significantly correlated with organic matter and pH in pile B. And the addition of attapulgite facilitated the conversion of HMs into more stable fractions by Pseudomonas. The study would provide a reference for the application of attapulgite to remediate the river sediment polluted by HMs.
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Compostaje , Metales Pesados , Microbiota , Cadmio/análisis , Compuestos de Magnesio , Metales Pesados/análisis , Ríos , Compuestos de Silicona , SueloRESUMEN
The Fenton-like process was established by Fe3O4 nanomaterials (NMs) and Phanerochaete chrysosporium or oxalate, and applied to the co-composting of rice straw and sediment to study its effect on the formation of humic substance and the bioavailability of Cd, Cu, and Pb. Results shown that the application of Fenton-like process significantly promoted the passivation of Cd and Cu, while not shown obvious enhancement for Pb. The decrease of exchangeable fraction Cd (EXC-Cd) and the humic acid (HA) content in pile B with Fe3O4 NMs and oxalate were highest, which were 22.35% and 20.3 g/kg, respectively. Redundancy analyses (RDA) manifested that the Fenton-like process enhanced the influence of humus substance on the bioavailability of Cd, Cu, and Pb. Excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra analysis suggested that Fenton-like process could obviously enhance the generation of humic substance. This research provides a new perspective and way for composting to remediate heavy metals pollution.
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Compostaje , Metales Pesados , Oryza , Sustancias Húmicas/análisis , Metales Pesados/análisis , SueloRESUMEN
This study prepared sewage sludge, a municipal solid waste, into a biochar modified by hydroxyapatite (HAP) as a new and efficient absorbent (HAP-SSBC) for removal of Cu2+ and Cd2+ from aqueous solution. Adsorption experiment revealed that HAP-SSBC exhibited significantly higher adsorption performance than raw sludge-based biochar (SSBC). At 298.15 K, the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+ and Cd2+ via Langmuir model were 89.98 and 114.68 mg/g, respectively. Adsorption kinetic experiment revealed that chemisorption was the main reaction. Analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) further confirmed that the main mechanisms were ion exchange with Ca2+, complexion by -OH and -COOH, and forming Cu-π or Cd-π binding with aromatic CC on HAP-SSBC surface. Overall, combing HAP and SSBC to be a new adsorbent is beneficial to the resource utilization of sludge and shows a good prospect for heavy metal removal in aqueous solution.
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Aguas del Alcantarillado , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Adsorción , Cadmio , Carbón Orgánico , Durapatita , Cinética , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisisRESUMEN
This study examined pathways of influence between work stress, depressive symptoms, nicotine dependence, expressive suppression, and cognitive reappraisal in fishermen with smoking habits in Qionghai, Hainan province, China (N = 1068). These fishermen responded to multiple assessments a week before leaving on a deep-sea fishing trip, including a Mental Stressor Investigation Questionnaire (MSIQ), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Russell Reason for Smoking Questionnaire (RRSQ), and an Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ). Structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses of the collected data in Mplus 7 showed that work stress and nicotine dependence were independent predictors of depressive symptoms. The relationship between work stress and depressive symptoms was found to be partially mediated by nicotine dependence and be moderated by cognitive reappraisal. The evidence suggests it advantageous to examine the need of work stress, nicotine dependence, and cognitive reappraisal when attempting to understand depressive symptoms in fishermen with a smoking habit. These findings suggest that improving nicotine dependence through work stress management and training in cognitive reappraisal could be utilized as effective modalities for improving depressive symptoms.