Reconstructing nearly isotropic microstructures to construct a one-dimensional framework causing record birefringence in thiophosphates.

Infrared birefringent crystals that hold significant importance for optoelectronic application have been rarely reported. Traditional tetrahedral PS4, ethane-like P2S6, and octahedral InS6 units in thiophosphates typically manifest near isotropy, often resulting in extremely small birefringence. However, this study prepares α-Rb2InP2S7 (1), ß-Rb2InP2S7 (2), and Cs2InP2S7 (3), consisting of the aforementioned microstructures, notably exhibiting the highest refractive index difference or birefringence values (0.247, 0.298, and 0.250 at 546 nm, respectively) among thiophosphates, the middle one being larger than that of commercial birefringent materials. This unusual increase in birefringence can be primarily attributed to two key factors: (1) simultaneous stretching and compressing of the P-S and In-S covalent bond interactions, generating high polarizability anisotropy of InS6, PS4, and P2S6 polyhedral units; (2) the additional incorporation of alkali metals that further reduces the dimensionality of the crystal structure, creating one-dimensional [InP2S7]2- structures with increasing polarizability anisotropy. This study presents an alternative approach to enhance birefringent materials by reconstructing covalent bond interactions and specific spatial arrangements.

[CHENG Dan'an's collection of books and his philosophy on traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture education].

The medical books that CHENG Dan'an once studied and collected are the significant physical evidence of his educational experiences of traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture. Some of these books are stored in Jiangsu Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Through systematic collation, it is found that the collection of books is closely related to his experiences in education, teaching and medicine communication. Aimed to the research and education, these books serve for the clinical effects of acupuncture, cover the knowledge in both Chinese and western medicine. CHENG Dan'an's collection of books is of diversity and global. It reflects that CHENG Dan'an emphasizes the classics, places the the equal importance on Chinese and western medicine and assimilates new knowledge of the philosophy on traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture education. It enriches the biographical information of CHENG Dan'an and has great significance for the today's education of traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture by learning from the past.

Traditional Chinese Medicine in the treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infections in children: an overview of systematic reviews and Meta-analyses.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and summarise the evidence from published Meta-analyses/systematic reviews (MAs/SRs) of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the treatment of recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs) and to provide a scientific basis for the clinical treatment of RRTIs with TCM. METHODS: Studies were retrieved from Chinese and English databases including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and EMbase from their establishment date to March 2023. Involved studies were screened, extracted, and evaluated for quality by two researchers independently. The a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews (AMSTAR) 2 scale was used for methodological quality evaluation, as well as the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement for report quality evaluation, the risk of bias in systematic reviews (ROBIS) tool for risk of bias, and the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) quality assessment tool for evidence quality. RESULTS: Twenty MAs/SRs studies were included, including analyses of 274 original studies involving 38 335 patients with RRTIs. The AMSTAR 2 scale evaluation results showed that 19 studies were of very low quality and one of moderate quality. The ROBIS evaluation results showed that 11 MAs/SRs were at high risk and nine at low risk of bias. The PRISMA 2020 report quality showed the included studies had scores between 23.5 and 35.5, among them one with high quality, 17 with moderate quality and two with low quality. The GRADE system results showed that among 126 outcome indicators, only 17 had moderate quality of evidence, 27 had low quality, 82 had very low quality, and none had high quality. CONCLUSIONS: The MAs/SRs methodological quality of using TCM for treatment RRTIs is generally poor, the quality of reports as well as of evidence is generally low, and the risk of bias is high; therefore we should treat these results with caution.

LncRNA GTL2 regulates myoblast proliferation and differentiation via the PKA-CREB pathway in Duolang sheep.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are RNA molecules longer than 200 nucleotides that do not encode proteins, are implicated in a variety of biological processes, including growth and development. Despite research into the role of lncRNAs in skeletal muscle development, the regulatory mechanisms governing ovine skeletal muscle development remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the expression profiles of lncRNAs in skeletal muscle from 90-day-old embryos (F90), 1-month-old lambs (L30), and 3-year-old adult sheep (A3Y) using RNA sequencing. In total, 4 738 lncRNAs were identified, including 997 that were differentially expressed. Short-time series expression miner analysis identified eight significant expression profiles and a subset of lncRNAs potentially involved in muscle development. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed that the predicted target genes of these lncRNAs were primarily enriched in pathways associated with muscle development, such as the cAMP and Wnt signaling pathways. Notably, the expression of lncRNA GTL2 was found to decrease during muscle development. Moreover, GTL2 was highly expressed during the differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs) and was shown to modulate ovine myogenesis by affecting the phosphorylation levels of PKA and CREB. Additionally, GTL2 was found to regulate both the proliferation and differentiation of SCs via the PKA-CREB signaling pathway. Overall, this study provides a valuable resource and offers novel insights into the functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in ovine skeletal muscle growth and development.

Prediction of rTMS Efficacy in Patients With Essential Tremor: Biomarkers From Individual Resting-State EEG Network.

The pathogenesis of essential tremor (ET) remains unclear, and the efficacy of related drug treatment is inadequate for proper tremor control. Hence, in the current study, consecutive low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) modulation on cerebellum was accomplished in a population of ET patients, along with pre- and post-treatment resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) networks being constructed. The results primarily clarified the decreasing of resting-state network interactions occurring in ET, especially the weaker frontal-parietal connectivity, compared to healthy individuals. While after the rTMS stimulation, promotions in both network connectivity and properties, as well as clinical scales, were identified. Furthermore, significant correlations between network characteristics and clinical scale scores enabled the development of predictive models for assessing rTMS intervention efficacy. Using a multivariable linear model, clinical scales after one-month rTMS treatment were accurately predicted, underscoring the potential of brain networks in evaluating rTMS effectiveness for ET. The findings consistently demonstrated that repetitive low-frequency rTMS neuromodulation on cerebellum can significantly improve the manifestations of ET, and individual networks will be reliable tools for evaluating the rTMS efficacy, thereby guiding personalized treatment strategies for ET patients.

Unveiling perinatal depression: A dual-network EEG analysis for diagnosis and severity assessment.

Perinatal depression (PD), which affects about 10-20 percent of women, often goes unnoticed because related symptoms frequently overlap with those commonly experienced during pregnancy. Moreover, identifying PD currently depends heavily on the use of questionnaires, and objective biological indicators for diagnosis has yet to be identified. This research proposes a safe and non-invasive method for diagnosing PD and aims to delve deeper into its underlying mechanism. Considering the non-invasiveness and clinical convenience of electroencephalogram (EEG) for mothers-to-be and fetuses, we collected the resting-state scalp EEG of pregnant women (with PD/healthy) at the 38th week of gestation. To compensate for the low spatial resolution of scalp EEG, source analysis was first applied to project the scalp EEG to the cortical-space. Afterwards, cortical-space networks and large-scale networks were constructed to investigate the mechanism of PD from two different level. Herein, differences in the two distinct types of networks between PD patients and healthy mothers-to-be were explored, respectively. We found that the PD patients illustrated decreased network connectivity in the cortical-space, while the large-scale networks revealed weaker connections at cerebellar area. Further, related spatial topological features derived from the two different networks were combined to promote the recognition of pregnant women with PD from those healthy ones. Meanwhile, the depression severity at patient level was effectively predicted based on the combined spatial topological features as well. These findings consistently validated that the two kinds of networks indeed played off each other, which thus helped explore the underlying mechanism of PD; and further verified the superiority of the combination strategy, revealing its reliability and potential in diagnosis and depression severity evaluation.

Soil microbial community composition and nitrogen enrichment responses to the operation of electric power substation.

The surge in global energy demand mandates a significant expansion of electric power substations. Nevertheless, the ecological consequences of electric power substation operation, particularly concerning the electromagnetic field, on soil microbial communities and nitrogen enrichment remain unexplored. In this study, we collected soil samples from six distinct sites at varying distances from an electric power substation in Xintang village, southeastern China, and investigated the impacts of electromagnetic field on the microbial diversity and community structures employing metagenomic sequencing technique. Our results showed discernible dissimilarities in the fungal community across the six distinct sites, each characterized by unique magnetic and electric intensities, whereas comparable variations were not evident within bacterial communities. Correlation analysis revealed a diminished nitrogen fixation capacity at the site nearest to the substation, characterized by low moisture content, elevated pH, and robust magnetic induction intensity and electric field intensity. Conversely, heightened nitrification processes were observed at this location compared to others. These findings were substantiated by the relative abundance of key genes associated with ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen production. This study provides insights into the relationships between soil microbial communities and the enduring operation of electric power substations, thereby contributing fundamental information essential for the rigorous environmental impact assessments of these facilities.

Plasmonic-Promoted Interatomic Hot Carriers Regulation Enhanced Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Reaction.

Utilizing hot carriers for efficient plasmonic-mediated chemical reactions (PMCRs) to convert solar energy into secondary energy is one of the most feasible solutions to the global environmental and energy crisis. Finding a plasmonic heterogeneous nanostructure with a more efficient and reasonable hot carrier transport path without affecting the intrinsic plasmonic properties is still a major challenge that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Herein, the mechanism by which plasmonic-promoted interatomic hot electron redistribution on the surface of Au3Cu alloy nanoparticles promotes the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) is successfully clarified. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect can boost the transfer of plasmonic hot electrons from Au atoms to Cu atoms, trigger the interatomic electron regulation of Au3Cu alloy nanoparticles, enhance the desorption of ammonia molecules, and increase the ammonia yield by approximately 93.9%. This work provides an important reference for rationally designing and utilizing the LSPR effect to efficiently regulate the distribution and mechanism of plasmonic hot carriers on the surface of heterogeneous alloy nanostructures.

Microtransplantation improved outcomes in elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia: clinical efficacy and mechanisms analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Microtransplantation (MST) has been found to enhance clinical outcomes in elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared with chemotherapy alone. It is important to investigate clinical effectiveness and mechanisms. METHODS: From January 2012 to December 2022, a total of 40 patients over 60 years with newly diagnosed low - and medium-risk AML were analyzed retrospectively, which was divided into two groups: MST group (chemotherapy combined with donor peripheral blood stem cell [PBSC] injection, n = 20) and control group (chemotherapy alone, n = 20). Flow cytometry and commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to measure changes in the percentage of natural killer (NK) cells and the quantity of interferon IFN-γ. The complete remission (CR), 2-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were also calculated following therapy. RESULTS: After induction chemotherapy, the 20 MST patients had a CR rate of 60%, a 2-year OS of 61.8%, and a 2-year DFS of 51.6%. CONCLUSION: MST has a faster hematological recovery and a greater CR, both of which can enhance OS and DFS in elderly AML patients. After MST, there is a significant correlation between the percentage of NK cells and the quantity of IFN-γ. This suggests that NK cells and IFN-γ are putative immunologic mechanisms of MST action.

Genomic Investigation of a Rhizosphere Isolate, Streptomyces sp. JL1001, Associated with Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua.

In the present study, using genome mining, Streptomyces sp. JL1001, which possesses a leinamycin-type gene cluster, was identified from 14 strains of Streptomyces originating from the rhizosphere soil of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. The complete genome of Streptomyces sp. JL1001 was sequenced and analyzed. The genome of Streptomyces sp. JL1001 consists of a 7,943,495 bp chromosome with a 71.71% G+C content and 7315 protein-coding genes. We also identified 36 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) for secondary metabolites in Streptomyces sp. JL1001. Twenty-seven BGCs had low (< 50%) or moderate (50-80%) similarity to other known secondary metabolite BGCs. In addition, a comparative analysis was conducted between the leinamycin-type gene cluster in Streptomyces sp. JL1001 and the biosynthetic gene clusters of leinamycin and largimycin. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the genomic features of rhizosphere Streptomyces sp. JL1001. It establishes the foundation for further investigation into experimental trials involving novel bioactive metabolites such as AT-less type I polyketides that have important potential applications in medicine and agriculture.

Running exercise decreases microglial activation in the medial prefrontal cortex in an animal model of depression.

BACKGROUND: Running exercise effectively ameliorates depressive symptoms in humans and depression-like behaviors in animals, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation plays a major role in the development of depression. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a key brain region involved in depression and is sensitive to physical activity. Whether the antidepressant effect of running exercise involves changes in mPFC microglia is not understood. METHODS: The animals were subjected to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) intervention followed by treadmill running. The sucrose preference test and elevated plus maze test or tail suspension test were used for behavioral assessment of the animals. The number of microglia in the mPFC was quantified by immunohistochemistry and stereology. The density and morphology of microglia were analyzed via immunofluorescence staining combined with three-dimensional laser scanning techniques. The mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines in the mPFC were examined via quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: Running exercise effectively alleviated depressive-like behaviors in depression model animals. Running exercise reversed the increase in the number of microglia and the density of activated microglia in the mPFC of CUS animals. Running exercise effectively reversed the changes in microglia (reduced cell body area, total branch length and branch complexity) in the mPFC of CUS animals. Furthermore, running exercise regulated the gene expressions of pro-/antiinflammatory cytokines in the mPFC of CUS animals. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that the antidepressant effects of running exercise may involve decreasing the number of activated microglia, reversing morphological changes in microglia in the mPFC, and reducing inflammatory responses.

Androgen receptor expression and clinical characteristics in breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the expression of androgen receptor (AR) and clinical characteristics in breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The clinical records of all 432 patients tested for AR in our institution between January 2020 and May 2023 were reviewed. Clinical characteristics, age, menopausal status, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, distant metastasis, pathological complete response (pCR), histopathological features histological grade, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor, Her-2, Ki-67, and molecular subtype were registered for all patients. RESULTS: About 377 (87.27%) of the 432 patients had AR expression. No significant difference in AR expression was found with age, menopausal status, TNM stage of primary tumor, or pCR. AR was positively and significantly associated with the histological grade, and recurrence. The AR expression was significantly related with molecular subtypes, including ER, PR Her-2, Ki67 and molecular subtype. ER (OR = 10.489, 95%CI: 5.470-21.569), PR (OR = 7.690, 95%CI: 3.974-16.129, Her-2 (OR = 10.489, 95%CI: 2.779-23.490 and tumor recurrence (OR = 0.110, 95%CI: 0.031-0.377 were significant independent risk factors affecting AR expression. CONCLUSIONS: AR expression can serve as a reliable basis for judging the clinical molecular types and poor prognosis for breast cancer. AR may be a novel biomarker and target in AR-positive breast cancer depending on significant difference in AR expression among different molecular types of breast cancer.

Whole-genome sequencing identifies functional genes for environmental adaptation in Chinese sheep.

Sheep (Ovis aries), among the first domesticated species, are now globally widespread and exhibit remarkable adaptability to diverse environments. In this study, we perform whole-genome sequencing of 266 animals from 18 distinct Chinese sheep populations, each displaying unique phenotypes indicative of adaptation to varying environmental conditions. Integrating 131 environmental factors with single nucleotide polymorphism variations, we conduct a comprehensive genetic-environmental association analysis. This analysis identifies 35 key genes likely integral to the environmental adaptation of sheep. The functions of these genes include fat tail formation (HOXA10, HOXA11, JAZF1), wool characteristics (FER, FGF5, MITF, PDE4B), horn phenotypes (RXFP2), reproduction (HIBADH, TRIM71, C6H4orf22), and growth traits (ADGRL3, TRHDE). Notably, we observe a significant correlation between the frequency of missense mutations in the PAPSS2 and RXFP2 genes and variations in altitude. Our study reveals candidate genes for adaptive variation in sheep and demonstrates the diversity in the ways sheep adapt to their environment.

Ponicidin Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Mitochondrial Apoptosis by Stabilizing Keap1-PGAM5 Complex.

Ponicidin is a diterpenoid with demonstrated antitumor activity in clinical trials. However, the specific function and mechanism of action against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. In this study, it is found that ponicidin significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells. It is shown that ponicidin targets Keap1 and promotes the formation of the Keap1-PGAM5 complex, leading to the ubiquitination of PGAM5, using biotin-labeled ponicidin for target fishing and the HuProtTM Human Proteome Microarray V4.0. Ponicidin is found to activate the cysteine-dependent mitochondrial pathway via PGAM5, resulting in mitochondrial damage and ROS production, thereby promoting mitochondrial apoptosis in HepG2 cells. The first in vitro cocrystal structure of the PGAM5 IE 12-mer peptide and the Keap1 Kelch domain is obtained. Using molecular dynamics simulations to confirm the binding of ponicidin to the Keap1-PGAM5 complex. Based on the depth-based dynamic simulation, it is found that ponicidin can induce the tightening of the Keap1-PGAM5 interaction pocket, thereby stabilizing the formation of the protein complex. Finally, it is observed that ponicidin effectively inhibited tumor growth and promoted tumor cell apoptosis in a BALB/c nude mouse xenograft tumor model. The results provide insight into the anti-HCC properties of ponicidin based on a mechanism involving the Keap1-PGAM5 complex.

The development of machine learning approaches in two-dimensional NMR data interpretation for metabolomics applications.

Metabolomics has been widely applied in human diseases and environmental science to study the systematic changes of metabolites over diverse types of stimuli. NMR-based metabolomics has been widely used, but the peak overlap problems in the one-dimensional (1D) NMR spectrum could limit the accuracy of quantitative analysis for metabolomics applications. Two-dimensional (2D) NMR has been applied to solve the 1D NMR overlap problem, but the data processing is still challenging. In this study, we built an automatic approach to process the 2D NMR data for quantitative applications using machine learning approaches. Partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), artificial neural network classification (ANN-DA), gradient boosted trees classification (XGBoost-DA), and artificial deep learning neural network classification (ANNDL-DA) were applied in combination with an automatic peak selection approach. Standard mixtures, sea anemone extracts, and mouse fecal samples were tested to demonstrate the approach. Our results showed that ANN-DA and ANNDL-DA have high accuracy in selecting 2D NMR peaks (around 90 %), which have a high potential application in 2D NMR-based metabolomics quantitively study, while PLS-DA and XGBoost-DA showed limitations in either data variation or overfitting. Our study built an automatic approach to applying 2D NMR data to routine quantitative analysis in metabolomics.

Base on photothermal interfacial molecular transfer for efficient biodiesel catalysis via enzyme@cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks loaded MXene.

Efficient, green and stable catalysis has always been the core concept of enzyme catalysis in industrial processes for manufacturing. Therefore, we construct a new strategy with photothermal interfacial molecular transfer for green and efficient biodiesel catalysis. We encapsulate Candida albicans lipase B (CalB) in a γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic framework (γ-CD-MOF) loading with Ti3C2TX by in situ growth and electrostatic assembly. The γ-CD-MOF not only protects the fragile enzyme, but also enhances the catalytic performance through the synergistic effects of porous adsorption (MOF pore structure) and interfacial enrichment (cyclodextrins host-guest assembly structure) for accelerating substrate transfer (642.6 %). The CalB@γ-CD-MOF/MXene-i activity can be regulated up to 274.6 % by exposure to near-infrared (NIR). Importantly, CalB@γ-CD-MOF/MXene-i achieves 93.3 % biodiesel conversion under NIR and maintained 86.9 % activity after 6 cycles. Meanwhile, the MXene after the CalB@γ-CD-MOF/MXene catalytic cycle can be almost completely recovered. We verify the mechanism of high catalytic activity of γ-CD-MOF and rationalize the mechanism of CD molecular channel by DFT. Therefore, this highly selective enzyme catalytic platform offers new possibilities for green and efficient preparation of bioenergy.

Three-dimensional inertial focusing based impedance cytometer enabling high-accuracy characterization of electrical properties of tumor cells.

The differences in the cross-sectional positions of cells in the detection area have a severe negative impact on achieving accurate characterization of the impedance spectra of cells. Herein, we proposed a three-dimensional (3D) inertial focusing based impedance cytometer integrating sheath fluid compression and inertial focusing for the high-accuracy electrical characterization and identification of tumor cells. First, we studied the effects of the particle initial position and the sheath fluid compression on particle focusing. Then, the relationship of the particle height and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the impedance signal was explored. The results showed that efficient single-line focusing of 7-20 µm particles close to the electrodes was achieved and impedance signals with a high SNR and a low coefficient of variation (CV) were obtained. Finally, the electrical properties of three types of tumor cells (A549, MDA-MB-231, and UM-UC-3 cells) were accurately characterized. Machine learning algorithms were implemented to accurately identify tumor cells based on the amplitude and phase opacities at multiple frequencies. Compared with traditional two-dimensional (2D) inertial focusing, the identification accuracy of A549, MDA-MB-231, and UM-UC-3 cells using our 3D inertial focusing increased by 57.5%, 36.4% and 36.6%, respectively. The impedance cytometer enables the detection of cells with a wide size range without causing clogging and obtains high SNR signals, improving applicability to different complex biological samples and cell identification accuracy.

Ag nanoparticles at p-Si/ MAPbI3 perovskite interface: improved photo responsivity and response speed in photodetection.

Although enhanced performances of photovoltaic devices by embedding metal nanoparticals in charge transport layer, doping into active layer bulk, decorating the active layer surface, and inserting at the interface between semiconductor and the electrode were reported, the effect of incorporating metal NPs at the interface of single crystal semiconductor and perovskite is rarely tackled. Herein the effects of incorporating Ag nanoparticals (AgNPs) at p-Si/MAPbI3 perovskite interface on the photodiode performances were investigated. The results showed that compared with reference device (without AgNPs) the photoresponsivity of the device incorporating AgNPs is greatly improved with the exception for light with wavelengths fall in the spectral range where AgNPs have strong optical absorption. This effect is extremely significant for relatively shorter wavelengths in visible region, and a maximal improvement of around 10.6 times in photoresponsivity was achieved. The physical origin of the exception for spectral range that AgNPs have strong optical absorption is the cancelation of scatter resulted enhancement through AgNPs by band-to-band absorption resulted reduction of photocurrent, in which the generated electron has energy near the fermi level and the hole has large effective mass, which relax by nonradiative recombination, thus making not contribution to the photocurrent. More importantly, the AgNP decorated device showed much faster photo response speed than reference device, and a maximal improvement of around 7.9 times in rise and fall time was achieved. These findings provide a novel approach for high responsive and high speed detection for weak light.

The combined effect of triglyceride-glucose index and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic coronary syndrome: A multicenter cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) are the commonly used biomarkers for insulin resistance and systemic inflammation, respectively. We aimed to investigate the combined association of TyG and hsCRP with the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). METHODS: A total of 9421 patients with CCS were included in this study. The primary endpoint was defined as a composite of MACE covering all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and revascularization. RESULTS: During the 2-year follow-up period, 660 (7.0%) cases of MACE were recorded. Participants were divided equally into three groups according to TyG levels. Compared with the TyG T1 group, the risk of MACE was significantly higher in the TyG T3 group. It is noteworthy that among patients in the highest tertile of TyG, hsCRP >3 mg/L was significantly associated with an increased risk of MACE, whereas the results were not significant in the medium to low TyG groups. When patients were divided into six groups according to hsCRP and TyG, the Cox regression analysis showed that patients in the TyG T3 and hsCRP >3 mg/L group had a significantly higher risk of MACE than those in the TyG T1 and hsCRP ≤3 mg/L group. However, no significant interaction was found between TyG and hsCRP on the risk of MACE. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the concurrent assessment of TyG and hsCRP may be valuable in identifying high-risk populations and guiding management strategies among CCS patients.