Prognostic significance of Fuhrman grade and age for cancer-specific and overall survival in patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma: results of an international multi-institutional study on 2189 patients.

PURPOSE: Because the prognostic impact of the clinical and pathological features on cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma (papRCC) is still controversial, we want to assess the impact of clinicopathological features, including Fuhrman grade and age, on survival in surgically treated papRCC patients in a large multi-institutional series. METHODS: We established a comprehensive multi-institutional database of surgically treated papRCC patients. Histopathological data collected from 2189 patients with papRCC after radical nephrectomy or nephron-sparing surgery were pooled from 18 centres in Europe and North America. OS and CSS probabilities were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariable competing risks analyses were used to assess the impact of Fuhrman grade (FG1-FG4) and age groups (<50 years, 50-75 years, >75 years) on cancer-specific mortality (CSM). RESULTS: CSS and OS rates for patients were 89 and 81% at 3 years, 86 and 75% at 5 years and 78 and 41% at 10 years after surgery, respectively. CSM differed significantly between FG 3 (hazard ratio [HR] 4.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.17-8.22; p < 0.001) and FG 4 (HR 8.93, 95% CI 4.25-18.79; p < 0.001) in comparison to FG 1. CSM was significantly worse in patients aged >75 (HR 2.85, 95% CI 2.06-3.95; p < 0.001) compared to <50 years. CONCLUSIONS: FG is a strong prognostic factor for CSS in papRCC patients. In addition, patients older than 75 have worse CSM than patients younger than 50 years. These findings should be considered for clinical decision making.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy interferon for epidermoid penile cancer: a case report

Antecedentes. El carcinoma avanzado de pene es un tumor con un pronóstico malo con el tratamiento estándar por lo que la quimioterapia neoadyuvante se ha estado evaluando para mejorar la preservación del órgano y la supervivencia. Caso clínico. Paciente de 56 años visto en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología en noviembre de 1993 siendo diagnosticado de cáncer de pene T3 N3 MO. El tratamiento consistió en cisplatino 100 mg/m2 cada 21 días por cinco ciclos alternados con metotrexato intravenoso a dosis de 250 mg/m2 más rescate con leucovorín oral a dosis de 10 mg/m2 cada ocho horas por seis dosis. El metotrexato y leucovorín se administraron cada 15 días en siete ocasiones. Además recibió interferón-alfa 4.5 x 10 6 U por vía subcutánea cada tercer día durante las 12 semanas del tratamiento. Resultados. El tratamiento fue bien tolerado alcanzando una respuesta clínica del 70 por ciento en el tumor primario y completa en los ganglios inguinales. Fue sometido a penectomía radical en abril de 1994 y actualmente está libre de enfermedad a los 61 meses de seguimiento. Conclusiones. Esta modalidad de quimioinmunoterapia parece ser muy activa en el cáncer de pene y debería evaluarse en un número mayor de pacientes con el fin de preservar el órgano e incrementar la supervivencia

[Cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix. Report of a case]. / Cistadenocarcinoma del apéndice. Informe de un caso.

Primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix is an uncommon disease frequently diagnosed surgery. It has an occurrence between 0.01 and 0.11% of all appendectomized patients, and it is more often found in patients older than fifty years. Symptoms are usually similar to those seen in acute appendicitis. Some authors consider the mucocele of the appendix a primary carcinoma as it is related with obstruction of the appendix lumen followed by a cystic dilatation with mucosal changes, mucus hypersecretion and extension outside of the appendix. We present one case with abdominal pain, constipation, weight loss of 26 kg, and a mass localized in the right lower quadrant. An exploratory surgery showed a partially retroperitoneal mass of 15 by 20 cm, irregular, cystic, with mucus content and the appendix included in it. The mass was removed and appendectomy was performed. Postoperatively the patient did well. The final pathologic report was a cystadenocarcinoma of the appendix.

Translational diffusion and intrinsic viscosity of globular proteins. Theoretical predictions using hydrated hydrodynamic models. Application to BPTI.

In this paper, we present a way to make hydrodynamic models of globular proteins, including the hydration shell associated with them in aqueous solutions. Theoretical calculations using these models are made in order to determine the hydrodynamic properties of these proteins, employing rigorous and approximate methods of calculation. These will be applied to the bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, BPTI. Several hydrodynamic models are constructed: the A-model for the unhydrated protein BPTI and a set of H-models for hydrated protein with different hydration degrees. Theoretical results for the translational diffusion coefficient Dt and the intrinsic viscosity [eta] are obtained from different models. From the analysis of the A-model and hydrodynamic properties, there is not a clear assignation of an ellipsoidal shape to this protein molecule. An amount of approximately 0.5 g H2O/g protein could be assigned to the BPTI.