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Introduction and importance: Spinal schwannomas are benign tumors usually attached to peripheral nerves, consisting of a clonal population of Schwann cells. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder that predominantly affects the skin, bone and nervous system. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a clinically and genetically distinct from neurofibromatosis type 2. This case report highlights the rare association between spinal schwannoma and neurofibromatosis type 1. Case presentation: The patient with a past medical history of spinal schwannoma, operated 1 year back, presented with back pain, weakness of lower limbs and urge incontinence. On examination, she had cutaneous features suggestive of neurofibromatosis type 1 and there was impairment of all sensory modalities below hip region. MRI revealed spinal schwannoma at D9 level for which laminectomy with removal of schwannoma was performed. Clinical discussion: The occurrence and recurrence of spinal schwannoma in neurofibromatosis type 2 is a common finding. But such an association has not been established between spinal schwannoma and neurofibromatosis type 1. In this case, the recurrence of spinal schwannoma has been linked to neurofibromatosis type 1 in the absence of other well-defined etiologies. Conclusion: The occurrence of spinal schwannoma can be genetic or sporadic. The recurrence is usually associated with familial tumor syndrome. The available literature has not established association between neurofibromatosis type 1 and spinal schwannoma, thus, emphasizing the need of more focused studies.
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Introduction: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by chromosome 8 MYC gene translocation. It manifests in three clinical types: immunodeficiency-related, sporadic (nonendemic), and endemic (African), each differing in epidemiology and clinical behavior. Treatment typically involves enrollment in clinical trials or intensive chemotherapy regimens like R-CODOX-M/IVAC. The authors present a case of recurrent BL following treatment. Case report: A 13-year-old female presented with a gradually progressive swelling in the left parieto-occipital region. Examination revealed normal vital signs and a Glasgow coma scale, with seronegative findings on investigations. An excision of a subganglion soft tissue tumor was performed, revealing histopathological features suggestive of a small round blue cell tumor. After chemotherapy, the patient experienced a recurrence in the scalp region, diagnosed as BL. Discussion: While scarce reports exist on BL in the scalp region, cases have been documented in various body locations. Treatment strategies, including chemotherapy and surgery, have shown promising results in managing the disease and improving symptoms. Conclusion: The recurrence of BL is rare, highlighting the importance of vigilance in monitoring patients post-treatment. The authors report a case of recurrent BL in a 13-year-old female, emphasizing the need for continued research and surveillance in managing this aggressive malignancy.
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Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is a tracking technology that enables immediate automatic object identification and rapid data sharing for a wide variety of modern applications using radio waves for data transmission from a tag to a reader. RFID is already well established in technical areas, and many companies have developed corresponding standards and measurement techniques. In the construction industry, effective monitoring of materials and equipment is an important task, and RFID helps to improve monitoring and controlling capabilities, in addition to enabling automation for construction projects. However, on construction sites, there are many tagged objects and multiple RFID tags that may interfere with each other's communications. This reduces the reliability and efficiency of the RFID system. In this paper, we propose an anti-collision algorithm for communication between multiple tags and a reader. In order to suppress interference signals from multiple neighboring tags, the proposed algorithm employs the time-division (TD) technique, where tags in the interrogation zone are assigned a specific time slot so that at every instance in time, a reader communicates with tags using the specific time slot. We present representative computer simulation examples to illustrate the performance of the proposed anti-collision technique for multiple RFID tags.