Vision Threatening Raised Intracranial Pressure Associated with Recreational Nitrous Oxide Use.

Nitrous oxide is used as an anaesthetic and analgesic agent in the medical setting and is known to cause raised intracranial pressure. The use of nitrous oxide recreationally for the drug's euphoric and relaxant properties has been linked to multiple neurological and psychiatric sequelae including neuropathy, myelopathy, and psychosis. We describe a case of a young person who declared heavy nitrous oxide use resulting in vision-threatening papilloedema secondary to raised intracranial pressure. He underwent emergency lumbar drainage alongside high-dose acetazolamide and parenteral vitamin B12 injections. To our knowledge, there have yet to be other reports of cases where heavy nitrous oxide use has caused secondary pseudotumor cerebri syndrome.

A Neuro-Ophthalmologist's Guide to Advances in Intracranial Pressure Measurements.

Cerebrospinal fluid disorders have a wide-ranging impact on vision, headache, cognition and a person's quality of life. Due to advances in technology and accessibility, intracranial pressure measurement and monitoring, usually managed by neurosurgeons, are being employed more widely in clinical practice. These developments are of direct importance for Ophthalmologists and Neurologists because the ability to readily measure intracranial pressure can aide management decisions. The aim of this review is to present the emerging evidence for intracranial pressure measurement methods and interpretation that is relevant to Neuro-ophthalmologists.