Patient and Staff Insights on Digital Care Pathways for Patients With Low Back Pain in the Emergency Department: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Back pain is a huge global problem. For some people, the pain is so severe that they feel the need to present to an emergency department (ED). Our aim was to explore patient and staff perspectives for the development of a digital care pathway (DCP) for people with back pain who have presented to ED, including acceptability, barriers and facilitators. METHODS: We used a descriptive phenomenology approach using semi-structured interviews with patient and staff participants at a tertiary hospital. Interviews were transcribed and data codes were developed using inductive thematic analysis. Themes were discussed between researchers until consensus was achieved. RESULTS: A total of 16 interviews were carried out, half of which involved patient participants. We identified three major themes: (i) expectations and experiences of staff and patients with low back pain in ED; (ii) a digital care pathway can empower patients and support clinicians in providing care; and (iii) acceptability, barriers, facilitators and recommendations of engaging with a DCP to track the trajectory of back pain. Each theme was further categorised into subthemes. CONCLUSION: Introducing a DCP was perceived as acceptable and beneficial by patients and staff. Both groups were aware of the potential participant burden if surveys were too long. Introducing a DCP could be a valuable adjunct to current management care models, providing a standardised source of education with the potential for individualised tracking and monitoring. The design and development of a DCP will need to consider reported facilitators and address perceived barriers for engagement. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: This project sought insights from patients and staff about a digital care pathway. This forms the first step of patient and consumer consultation before implementing a digital care pathway. All consumers were offered the opportunity to review their responses and our interpretation.

Driving forces for condensation of synapsin are governed by sequence-encoded molecular grammars.

Brain functioning relies on orchestrated synaptic vesicle dynamics and controlled neurotransmitter release. Multiple biomolecular condensates coexist at the pre- and post-synapse and they are driven by condensation that combines binding, phase separation, and percolation. In pre-synapses, intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) of synaptic proteins are drivers of condensation that enable clustering of synaptic vesicles (SVs). Although sequences of IDRs are poorly conserved across evolution, our computational analysis reveals the existence of non-random compositional biases and sequence patterns (molecular grammars) in IDRs of pre-synaptic proteins. For example, synapsin-1, which is essential for condensation of SVs, contains a conserved valence of arginine residues and blocks of polar and proline residues that are segregated from one another along the linear sequence. We show that these conserved features are crucial for driving synapsin-1 condensation in vitro and in cells. Our results highlight how conserved molecular grammars drive the condensation of key proteins at the pre-synapse.

Prefabricated contoured foot orthoses to reduce pain and increase physical activity in people with hip osteoarthritis: A randomised feasibility trial.

BACKGROUND: Hip osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent and burdensome condition that leads to impaired quality of life and a substantial economic burden. Encouraging physical activity, particularly walking, is crucial for OA management, but many individuals with hip OA fail to meet recommended activity levels. Prefabricated contoured foot orthoses have shown promise in improving hip muscle efficiency during walking in laboratory settings, but their real-world feasibility and efficacy remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of conducting a fully powered randomised controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effectiveness of prefabricated contoured foot orthoses, prescribed via telehealth, in people with hip OA. METHODS: This feasibility trial randomised 27 participants with hip OA into two groups: prefabricated contoured foot orthoses or flat shoe inserts. Feasibility outcomes were assessed, including recruitment rate, adherence, logbook completion, and dropout rate. Patient-reported outcomes and accelerometer-measured physical activity were collected as secondary outcomes. RESULTS: While the recruitment rate was low (0.88 people/week), adherence to the intervention (59%), logbook completion (93%), and dropout rates (7%) met or exceeded our predefined feasibility parameters. Participants found the intervention acceptable, and practicality was demonstrated with minor adverse events. Preliminary efficacy testing indicated that prefabricated contoured foot orthoses positively affected physical activity (adjusted mean difference = 2590 [260 to 4920] steps/day), with comparable outcomes for hip-related quality of life and pain. CONCLUSION: This trial supports proceeding to a fully powered RCT to assess the effect of teleheath prescribed prefabricated contoured foot orthoses on physical activity in people with hip OA. STUDY REGISTRATION NUMBER: National Institutes of Health Trial Registry (NCT05138380).

Match running performance is influenced by possession and team formation in an English Premier League team.

The aim of this study was to examine the possession (very low, low, high, and very high), team formation (3-5-2 and 4-3-3) and position (centre-backs, full-backs, centre midfielders, attacking midfielders, and centre forwards) on match load across two consecutive seasons in elite soccer. Twenty-seven English Premier League outfield players were recruited. Data was monitored through an 18 Hz Global Positioning System and a 25 Hz semi-automated camera tracking system, respectively, and all variables were analysed per minute. Main effects for formation on total distance (TD) (p = 0.006; η 2 = 0.010), high-speed running (HSR) (p = 0.009; η 2 = 0.009), number of high metabolic load (HML) efforts (p = 0.004; η 2 = 0.011) were observed. In addition, there were significant interaction effects with formation × possession on TD (p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.043), HSR (p = 0.006; η 2 = 0.018), sprinting (p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.030), HML efforts (p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.035), accelerations (p < 0.001; η 2 = 0.025). From the position-specific analysis, only the running performance of centre-backs was affected by formation or positional factors. These results indicate that formation and possession can have a significant impact on TD, HSR, and HML distance. Furthermore, players performed more high-intensity efforts in 3-5-2 than 4-3-3 formation. These findings suggest that coaches can evaluate running performance in the context of formation and possession and tailor tactical strategies to optimise physical performance.

BackTrAC: A Digital Care Pathway for People Presenting to Emergency with Lower Back Pain. A Development and Feasibility Study Protocol.

OBJECTIVES: Back pain is a prevalent condition that affects 1 in 6 Australians at any time, with high associated health care costs. To date, there is limited information relating to symptom severity and recovery trajectory in people with back pain who present to the emergency department for care. A digital care pathway (DCP) can track patient outcomes following presentation with back pain. The primary aim of this protocol is to outline the co-development, implementation, and evaluation of a DCP for back pain patients who present to the emergency department. METHODS: The primary aim will be addressed in 3 overlapping phases: Phase 1 (co-design) will include interviews with back pain patients and health care professionals from the Northern Hospital Emergency Department. Interview findings will inform education resources featured on the DCP and establish questionnaire content and frequency acceptability. Phase 2 (implementation) will include the rollout of the DCP and tracking of patient-reported outcome measures, which will be collected over 12 weeks. Phase 3 (evaluation) will include interviews with a subset of back pain patients who have participated in Phase 2 to evaluate the acceptability of the DCP and the barriers and facilitators of using the DCP. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This project has been approved via the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia's National Mutual Acceptance Scheme by St Vincent's Hospital Human Ethics Committee (2022/PID06476), La Trobe University Research Governance (HEC#206/22), and Northern Health Research Governance (NH-2023-372687). We plan to publish the findings in a peer-reviewed journal and present them at conferences.

Biomolecular condensates can function as inherent catalysts.

We report the discovery that chemical reactions such as ATP hydrolysis can be catalyzed by condensates formed by intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), which themselves lack any intrinsic ability to function as enzymes. This inherent catalytic feature of condensates derives from the electrochemical environments and the electric fields at interfaces that are direct consequences of phase separation. The condensates we studied were capable of catalyzing diverse hydrolysis reactions, including hydrolysis and radical-dependent breakdown of ATP whereby ATP fully decomposes to adenine and multiple carbohydrates. This distinguishes condensates from naturally occurring ATPases, which can only catalyze the dephosphorylation of ATP. Interphase and interfacial properties of condensates can be tuned via sequence design, thus enabling control over catalysis through sequence-dependent electrochemical features of condensates. Incorporation of hydrolase-like synthetic condensates into live cells enables activation of transcriptional circuits that depend on products of hydrolysis reactions. Inherent catalytic functions of condensates, which are emergent consequences of phase separation, are likely to affect metabolic regulation in cells.

A High-Avidity, Thermostable, and Low-Cost Synthetic Capture for Ultrasensitive Detection and Quantification of Viral Antigens and Aerosols.

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are currently the most popular point-of-care diagnostics, rapidly transforming disease diagnosis from expensive doctor checkups and laboratory-based tests to potential on-the-shelf commodities. Yet, their sensitive element, a monoclonal antibody, is expensive to formulate, and their long-term storage depends on refrigeration technology that cannot be met in resource-limited areas. In this work, LCB1 affibodies (antibody mimetic miniproteins) were conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) to afford a high-avidity synthetic capture (LCB1-BSA) capable of detecting the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein and virus like particles (VLPs). Substituting the monoclonal antibody 2B04 for LCB1-BSA (stable up to 60 °C) significantly improved the thermal stability, shelf life, and affordability of plasmonic-fluor-based LFAs (p-LFAs). Furthermore, this substitution significantly improved the sensitivity of p-LFAs toward the spike protein and VLPs with precise quantitative ability over 2 and 3 orders of magnitude, respectively. LCB1-BSA sensors could detect VLPs at 100-fold lower concentrations, and this improvement, combined with their robust nature, enabled us to develop an aerosol sampling technology to detect aerosolized viral particles. Synthetic captures like LCB1-BSA can increase the ultrasensitivity, availability, sustainability, and long-term accuracy of LFAs while also decreasing their manufacturing costs.

Macromolecular condensation organizes nucleolar sub-phases to set up a pH gradient.

Nucleoli are multicomponent condensates defined by coexisting sub-phases. We identified distinct intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), including acidic (D/E) tracts and K-blocks interspersed by E-rich regions, as defining features of nucleolar proteins. We show that the localization preferences of nucleolar proteins are determined by their IDRs and the types of RNA or DNA binding domains they encompass. In vitro reconstitutions and studies in cells showed how condensation, which combines binding and complex coacervation of nucleolar components, contributes to nucleolar organization. D/E tracts of nucleolar proteins contribute to lowering the pH of co-condensates formed with nucleolar RNAs in vitro. In cells, this sets up a pH gradient between nucleoli and the nucleoplasm. By contrast, juxta-nucleolar bodies, which have different macromolecular compositions, featuring protein IDRs with very different charge profiles, have pH values that are equivalent to or higher than the nucleoplasm. Our findings show that distinct compositional specificities generate distinct physicochemical properties for condensates.

Emergent microenvironments of nucleoli.

In higher eukaryotes, the nucleolus harbors at least three sub-phases that facilitate multiple functionalities including ribosome biogenesis. The three prominent coexisting sub-phases are the fibrillar center (FC), the dense fibrillar component (DFC), and the granular component (GC). Here, we review recent efforts in profiling sub-phase compositions that shed light on the types of physicochemical properties that emerge from compositional biases and territorial organization of specific types of macromolecules. We highlight roles played by molecular grammars which refers to protein sequence features including the substrate binding domains, the sequence features of intrinsically disordered regions, and the multivalence of these distinct types of domains / regions. We introduce the concept of a barcode of emergent physicochemical properties of nucleoli. Although our knowledge of the full barcode remains incomplete, we hope that the concept prompts investigations into undiscovered emergent properties and engenders an appreciation for how and why unique microenvironments control biochemical reactions.

Primary Arthrodesis versus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation for Lisfranc Joint Fracture-Dislocations in Adults: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: The Lisfranc joint is an intricate podiatric medical structure that when injured can prove difficult to treat. No consensus has been established on optimal surgical management for this injury. It is widely debated whether open reduction and internal fixation or primary arthrodesis provides better outcomes for patients. Although literature has been published on this subject, no generalized guidelines have been created. The goal of this study was to analyze high-level meta-analyses to draw conclusions about surgical interventions for Lisfranc joint injuries. METHODS: A literature review was conducted to analyze outcomes of meta-analyses from January 1, 2016, to August 31, 2021. Only high-level evidence that reported at least one of the following outcomes was included: American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society scale score, visual analog scale score, total complication rate, hardware removal rate, revision surgery rate, and secondary procedure rate. RESULTS: Six articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were then analyzed. For all of the outcome measures, primary arthrodesis was equal or superior to open reduction and internal fixation. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend primary arthrodesis over open reduction and internal fixation for adult Lisfranc injuries.

The ATR inhibitor ceralasertib potentiates cancer checkpoint immunotherapy by regulating the tumor microenvironment.

The Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) inhibitor ceralasertib in combination with the PD-L1 antibody durvalumab demonstrated encouraging clinical benefit in melanoma and lung cancer patients who progressed on immunotherapy. Here we show that modelling of intermittent ceralasertib treatment in mouse tumor models reveals CD8+ T-cell dependent antitumor activity, which is separate from the effects on tumor cells. Ceralasertib suppresses proliferating CD8+ T-cells on treatment which is rapidly reversed off-treatment. Ceralasertib causes up-regulation of type I interferon (IFNI) pathway in cancer patients and in tumor-bearing mice. IFNI is experimentally found to be a major mediator of antitumor activity of ceralasertib in combination with PD-L1 antibody. Improvement of T-cell function after ceralasertib treatment is linked to changes in myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. IFNI also promotes anti-proliferative effects of ceralasertib on tumor cells. Here, we report that broad immunomodulatory changes following intermittent ATR inhibition underpins the clinical therapeutic benefit and indicates its wider impact on antitumor immunity.

Comparison of Loss of Bone Height Following Total Ankle Arthroplasty Versus Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis.

Ankle arthrodesis and total ankle arthroplasty are both well-accepted surgical treatment options for end-stage ankle arthrosis. However, total ankle arthroplasty has gained popularity as the survivability of implants is improving. It is understood that there is loss of bone height following tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis, but to our knowledge, this has not been investigated in the setting of total ankle arthroplasty. A retrospective radiographic review was conducted over a 5-year period. We investigated all patients who underwent a tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis or total ankle arthroplasty for treatment of ankle arthritis by a single fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeon. The anterior and posterior height measurements were measured on preoperative and postoperative lateral radiographs. Differences between preoperative and postoperative heights were analyzed through a series of analyses of covariance. One hundred and thirty-three patients and 143 operative extremities were included: 71 operative extremities in the tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis group (mean age 55.5 ± 13.3 years, BMI 32.2 ± 7.9) and 72 in the total ankle arthroplasty group (mean age 65.4 ± 9.5 years, BMI 30.7 ± 6.4). Statistical analysis demonstrated a loss of height in the tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis group, and an increased anterior and posterior height in the total ankle arthroplasty group. However, when comparing the arthroplasty group and arthrodesis group only the anterior height measurement reached statistical significance when stratified by gender (p < .001). The potential change in height is an important factor to consider during surgical planning as a limb length discrepancy may result.

How effective are exercises delivered digitally (requiring internet), amongst patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to describe the effect of digitally delivered exercise on pain, physical function and quality of life (QoL) for people with knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Articles were eligible for inclusion if they were of a randomized control trial that evaluated the prescription of digitally delivered exercise (requiring the internet) in people with symptomatic primary hip and/or knee OA. Risk of bias was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale, and levels of evidence were assessed according to Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. RESULTS: Digitally delivered exercise was delivered via synchronous and asynchronous methods (or a combination of both). Digitally delivered exercise was superior to education only for pain and physical function, with high-quality evidence for quality-of-life outcomes in the long-term (standardized mean difference -0.35, 95% confidence interval -0.59 to -0.12, P = 0.003) in people with knee OA. Furthermore, there was very low to low-quality evidence that digitally delivered exercise was comparable to face-to-face delivery in the short and long-term for people with hip or knee OA and comparable in the medium-term for people with knee OA only. DISCUSSION: The review demonstrated very low to low-quality evidence that digitally delivered exercise was comparable to face-to-face delivery for pain, function and QoL. In the absence of higher-level evidence, we would provisionally recommend that healthcare providers offer the choice of face-to-face or digitally delivered exercise intervention for people with hip or knee OA. Further work is required to understand these programs' reach, access, uptake and implementation across diverse population groups.

Sex-related differences in gait characteristics and their associations with symptoms in individuals with patellofemoral osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral osteoarthritis (OA) is an important subgroup of knee OA. However, the influence of sex on gait characteristics in patients with patellofemoral OA is unknown. RESEARCH QUESTION: Compare gait characteristics in females and males with patellofemoral OA and investigate their associations with patellofemoral joint-related symptoms and limitations. METHODS: Mixed effects polynomial regression models compared knee flexion-extension and adduction moments, knee flexion angles, and vertical ground reaction forces over 100% of stance between 26 females and 22 males with patellofemoral OA, with and without adjustment for walking speed and body mass. Multivariable linear regression models were then used to investigate the associations of gait characteristics with symptoms and limitations measured with the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Patellofemoral Pain and Osteoarthritis (KOOS-PF) Subscale. Models included a sex-by-gait interaction term, and if significant, separate models were built for females and males. RESULTS: While controlling for walking speed and body mass, females had lower knee flexion moment (6-19% and 97-100% of stance), knee extension moment (45-86% of stance), knee adduction moment (3-37% and 69-99% of stance), vertical ground reaction force (1-97% of stance) and knee flexion angle (90-100% of stance) compared with males, when fitted over 100% of stance. Lower cadence, lower knee flexion angular impulse, and higher peak knee flexion angle were associated with worse KOOS-PF scores. Associations were not modified by sex. SIGNIFICANCE: There are distinct sex-based differences in gait characteristics throughout stance with patellofemoral OA when adjusting for body mass and walking speed. Lower cadence and knee flexion angular impulse, and higher peak knee flexion angle were associated with more extreme patellofemoral joint-related symptoms and limitations.

The association between lateral hip muscle size/intramuscular fat infiltration and hip strength in active young adults with long standing hip/groin pain.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate associations between lateral hip muscle size/intramuscular fat infiltration (MFI) and hip strength in active young adults with longstanding hip/groin pain. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: University/Clinical. PARTICIPANTS: Sub-elite soccer and Australian Football players (n = 180; 37 female) with long standing hip/groin pain. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Muscle size (volume) and MFI of gluteus maximus, medius, and minimis, and tensor fascia latae (TFL) were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. Isometric hip strength was measured with handheld dynamometry. Associations between muscle size/MFI were assessed using linear regression models, adjusted for body mass index and age, with sex-specific interactions. RESULTS: Positive associations were identified between lateral hip muscle volume and hip muscle strength, particularly for gluteus maximus and gluteus minimus volume. For all muscles, hip abduction was associated with an increase in strength by up to 0.69 N (R2 ranging from 0.29 to 0.39). These relationships were consistent across sexes with no sex interactions observed. No associations were found between MFI and strength measures. CONCLUSION: Greater lateral hip muscle volumes are associated with greater hip strength in active young adults with long standing hip/groin pain, irrespective of sex. Gluteus maximus and minimus volume showed the most consistent relationships with hip strength across multiple directions.

Co-development and evaluation of the Musculoskeletal Telehealth Toolkit for physiotherapists.

INTRODUCTION: In-person physiotherapy services are not readily available to all individuals with musculoskeletal conditions, especially those in rural regions or with time-intensive responsibilities. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted that telehealth may facilitate access to, and continuity of care, yet many physiotherapists lack telehealth confidence and training. This project co-developed and evaluated a web-based professional development toolkit supporting physiotherapists to provide telehealth services for musculoskeletal conditions. METHODS: A mixed-methods exploratory sequential design applied modified experience-based co-design methods (physiotherapists [n = 13], clinic administrators [n = 2], and people with musculoskeletal conditions [n = 7]) to develop an evidence-informed toolkit. Semi-structured workshops were conducted, recorded, transcribed, and thematically analysed, refining the toolkit prototype. Subsequently, the toolkit was promoted via webinars and social media. The usability of the toolkit was examined with pre-post surveys examining changes in confidence, knowledge, and perceived telehealth competence (19 statements modelled from the theoretical domains framework) between toolkit users (>30 min) and non-users (0 min) using chi-squared tests for independence. Website analytics were summarised. RESULTS: Twenty-two participants engaged in co-design workshops. Feedback led to the inclusion of more patient-facing resources, increased assessment-related visual content, streamlined toolkit organisation, and simplified, downloadable infographics. Three hundred and twenty-nine physiotherapists from 21 countries completed the baseline survey, with 172 (52%) completing the 3-month survey. Toolkit users had greater improvement in knowledge, confidence, and competence than non-users in 42% of statements. Seventy-two percentage of toolkit users said it changed their practice, and 95% would recommend the toolkit to colleagues. During the evaluation period, the toolkit received 5486 total views. DISCUSSION: The co-designed web-based Musculoskeletal Telehealth Toolkit is a professional development resource that may increase physiotherapist's confidence, knowledge, and competence in telehealth.

Dynamical control enables the formation of demixed biomolecular condensates.

Cellular matter can be organized into compositionally distinct biomolecular condensates. For example, in Ashbya gossypii, the RNA-binding protein Whi3 forms distinct condensates with different RNA molecules. Using criteria derived from a physical framework for explaining how compositionally distinct condensates can form spontaneously via thermodynamic considerations, we find that condensates in vitro form mainly via heterotypic interactions in binary mixtures of Whi3 and RNA. However, within these condensates, RNA molecules become dynamically arrested. As a result, in ternary systems, simultaneous additions of Whi3 and pairs of distinct RNA molecules lead to well-mixed condensates, whereas delayed addition of an RNA component results in compositional distinctness. Therefore, compositional identities of condensates can be achieved via dynamical control, being driven, at least partially, by the dynamical arrest of RNA molecules. Finally, we show that synchronizing the production of different RNAs leads to more well-mixed, as opposed to compositionally distinct condensates in vivo.

Improved pearl millet genomes representing the global heterotic pool offer a framework for molecular breeding applications.

High-quality reference genome assemblies, representative of global heterotic patterns, offer an ideal platform to accurately characterize and utilize genetic variation in the primary gene pool of hybrid crops. Here we report three platinum grade de-novo, near gap-free, chromosome-level reference genome assemblies from the active breeding germplasm in pearl millet with a high degree of contiguity, completeness, and accuracy. An improved Tift genome (Tift23D2B1-P1-P5) assembly has a contig N50 ~ 7,000-fold (126 Mb) compared to the previous version and better alignment in centromeric regions. Comparative genome analyses of these three lines clearly demonstrate a high level of collinearity and multiple structural variations, including inversions greater than 1 Mb. Differential genes in improved Tift genome are enriched for serine O-acetyltransferase and glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process which play an important role in improving the nutritional quality of seed protein and disease resistance in plants, respectively. Multiple marker-trait associations are identified for a range of agronomic traits, including grain yield through genome-wide association study. Improved genome assemblies and marker resources developed in this study provide a comprehensive framework/platform for future applications such as marker-assisted selection of mono/oligogenic traits as well as whole-genome prediction and haplotype-based breeding of complex traits.

Football Players With Hip Dysplasia: The Relationship Between Muscle Strength, Functional Performance, Self-reported Sport and Recreation, Cartilage Defects, and Sex. A Cross-sectional Study.

OBJECTIVE: In symptomatic football players with hip dysplasia, we aimed to explore the relationships between self-reported sport and recreation ability and (1) hip muscle strength, (2) functional performance, and investigate if these relationships were modified by sex or cartilage defects. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, football players (n = 50) with longstanding (>6 months) hip and/or groin pain, a positive flexion/adduction/internal rotation test, and a lateral-center-edge angle <25° were included. Hip muscle strength and functional performance were assessed. Self-reported sport and recreation ability was quantified using the sports and recreational subscales from the International Hip Outcome Tool-33 (iHOT-Sport) and the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS-Sport). Relationships were evaluated using regression models with sex and cartilage defects as potential effect modifiers. RESULTS: There was a positive linear relationship between the one-leg-rise test and the iHOT-Sport subscale (ß = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.09, 1.14). A polynomial (concave) relationship was found between peak eccentric adduction strength and the HAGOS-Sport subscale (ß = -30.88; 95% CI: -57.78, -3.99). Cartilage defects modified the relationship between peak isometric adduction strength and HAGOS-Sport, with those with cartilage defects having a polynomial (convex) relationship (ß = 36.59; 95% CI: 12.74, 60.45), and those without cartilage defects having no relationship. CONCLUSION: One-leg-rise performance and adduction strength were associated with self-reported sport and recreation ability, indicating a possible relationship between physical function, hip joint structure, and sport and recreation ability in football players with hip dysplasia. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(10):1-8. Epub: 8 September 2023. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.12026.