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UV-C irradiation can maintain fruit quality by inducing fruit disease resistance and reducing decay during storage. Grape (Vitis Vinifera L.) was exposed to 2.4 kJ m-2 UV-C irradiation then inoculated with Aspergillus carbonarius to investigate the changes in nutritional quality, defense related substances and enzyme activities. Postharvest UV-C irradiation can increased the levels of defense-related substances and enzyme activities, such as phenols, flavanols, lignin, proline, glutathione, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ß-1,3-glucanase (GLU). In addition, Resveratrol plays an important role in grape resistance to A. carbonarius infection through further verification by gene expression levels, the transcription factors VvWRKY24 and VvMYB14 are highly correlated with the regulation of VvSTS gene expression. This study revealed the molecular mechanism of postharvest grape fruit response to UV-C irradiation and the defense mechanism against black rot, and provided a theoretical basis for postharvest grape storage and preservation technology.
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Biological antagonists serve as the most important green alternatives to chemical fungicides, a class of microorganism that inhibits the growth of pathogenic fungi to reduce fruit incidence. In this paper, healthy and diseased peach fruit was selected for amplicon sequencing of the epiphytic microbiota on their surface to obtain a comprehensive understanding. Community structure, diversity and LefSe analysis were performed to screen Acetobacter, Muribaculaceae and Burkholderia as the core bacteria, Mycosphaerella, Penicillium and Alternaria as the core fungi, they showed significant differences and were highly enriched. Two strains fungi (Penicillium K3 and N1) and one strain antagonistic bacteria (Burkholderia J2) were isolated. The in intro test results indicated the bacterial suspension, fermentation broth and volatile organic compounds of antagonistic bacteria J2 were able to significantly inhibit pathogen growth. In vivo experiments, peach was stored at 28 °C for 6 days after different treatments, and samples were taken every day. It was found that Burkholderia J2 enhanced peach resistance by increasing the activities of antioxidant-related enzymes such as SOD, POD, PAL, PPO, GR, MDHAR, and DHAR. The results improved that Burkholderia J2 has great biocontrol potential and could be used as a candidate strain for green control of blue mold.
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Penicillium , Prunus persica , Prunus persica/microbiología , Bacterias/genética , Frutas/microbiología , AlternariaRESUMEN
Stilbenes belong to the naturally synthesized plant phytoalexins, produced de novo in response to various biotic and abiotic stressors. The importance of stilbenes in plant resistance to stress and disease is of increasing interest. However, the defense mechanisms and potential of stilbenes to improve plant stress tolerance have not been thoroughly reviewed. This work overviewed the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis pathway, shikimate pathway, and phenylalanine pathway occurred in the synthesis of stilbenes when plants are subjected to biotic and abiotic stresses. The positive implications and underlying mechanisms regarding defensive properties of stilbenes were demonstrated. Ten biomimetic chemosynthesis methods can underpin the potential of stilbenes to improve plant stress tolerance. The prospects for the application of stilbenes in agriculture, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals industries are anticipated. It is hoped that some of the detailed ideas and practices may contribute to the development of stilbene-related products and improvement of plant resistance breeding.
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Estilbenos , Estilbenos/metabolismo , Fitomejoramiento , Plantas/genética , Plantas/metabolismo , Estrés Fisiológico , Mecanismos de DefensaRESUMEN
Developing safe, eco-friendly, and functionally edible packaging materials has attracted global attention. Essential oils, can be incorporated into packaging materials as antioxidant and antibacterial agents. However, their high volatility and discontinuous film matrix issues may cause a rough film surface, limiting the application in food packaging. In this study, thyme essential oil microemulsion (TEO-M) was prepared and incorporated into a pullulan-sodium alginate (PS) film. The TEO-M incorporation endowed the PS film with antioxidant and UV protection properties. The antioxidant activities of the TEO-M-incorporated PS film were significantly better than those of the TEO-C (thyme essential oil coarse emulsion)-incorporated PS film. In comparison to TEO-C, the distribution of TEO-M in the film is more uniform. Lipid oxidation and the growth of microorganisms in chilled pork were inhibited by incorporating TEO-M at a concentration of 50 mg/mL in the PS film (PS-50M). After 10 days of storage at 4 °C, the total viable count (TVC) of chilled pork preserved in the PS-50M material was significantly reduced compared to the control group (P < 0.05). This study shows that incorporating TEO-M in the PS film provides a method for applying essential oils in food packaging, which may have great potential in the food industry.
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Aceites Volátiles , Carne de Cerdo , Carne Roja , Animales , Porcinos , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Alginatos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Embalaje de Alimentos/métodosRESUMEN
Natural stilbenes have been studied extensively as a result of their complicated structures and diverse biological activities. Singlet oxygen (1O2), a kind of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has a strong destructive effect on food systems (especially for light-sensitive foods). Many cutting-edge scientific studies have found that some stilbenes not only have extensive quenching properties for ROS, but also can selectively quench 1O2. However, the industry devoted too much energy on the development of more new stilbenes, lacking in-depth summaries and reflections on the characteristics of their basic structure and the mechanism of their extraordinary 1O2 quenching abilities. Therefore, we summarized the classification methods for stilbene compounds and evaluated similarities, differences and possible limitations of different classification methods. In addition, we described the role of different functional groups in stilbenes in quenching of 1O2 and summarized the quenching mechanism of 1O2 by stilbenes. By the way, the current application of stilbene compounds and their potential risks in the food industry were also mentioned in this article. The stilbenes can be used as antioxidants (especially new strategies against 1O2 oxidation) in food systems to improve the shelf life. At this stage, it is necessary to develop more effective and safe food antioxidant stilbenes based on their quenching mechanism.
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In this paper, we accurately pinpointed the inhibition sites of ochratoxin A (OTA) synthesis pathway in Aspergillus carbonarius acted by stilbenes from the perspective of oxidative stress and comprehensively explored the relationship between the physical and chemical properties of natural polyphenolic substances and their biochemical properties of antitoxin. To facilitate the application of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry for real-time tracking of pathway intermediate metabolite content, the synergistic effect of Cu2+-stilbenes self-assembled carriers was utilized. Cu2+ increased the generation of reactive oxygen species to accumulate mycotoxin content, while stilbenes had the inhibitory effect. The impact of the m-methoxy structure of pterostilbene on A. carbonarius was found to be superior to that of resorcinol and catechol. The m-methoxy structure of pterostilbene acted on the key regulator Yap1, downregulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes, and accurately inhibited the halogenation step of the OTA synthesis pathway, thus accumulating the content of OTA precursors. This provided a theoretical basis for the extensive and efficient application of a wide range of natural polyphenolic substances for postharvest disease control and quality assurance of grape products.
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Ocratoxinas , Estilbenos , Vitis , Ocratoxinas/análisis , Vitis/químicaRESUMEN
Soy protein isolate (SPI) has good emulsifying ability, but is greatly affected by the environment. The addition of polysaccharides either increases or decreases the stability of SPI. We report and prepared for the first time SPI/HACC complexes with different polysaccharide contents (SPI/HACC ratios are 1:1, 2:1 and 5:1). The binding properties, microstructure and emulsifying properties of the SPI/HACC complexes were determined and analyzed. The results showed that the interaction them is mainly through hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic interaction and steric hindrance effect. The combination of SPI and HACC overcomes their respective limitations and the microstructure is more flat and smooth. It was also found that the emulsifying ability and concentration of SPI showed a certain correlation and the addition of HACC significantly improved the emulsifying ability and storage stability of SPI. This study shows that the prepared SPI/HACC complex has great potential for application in the food industry.
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Compuestos de Amonio , Quitosano , Proteínas de Soja/química , Polisacáridos/química , Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e HidrofílicasRESUMEN
Stilbenes, especially resveratrol and resveratrol dimers, can quench singlet oxygen (1O2) effectively. Studies found resorcinol, catechol, carbon-carbon double bonds in resveratrol dimers and resveratrol monomers all contributed to quenching 1O2. However, which structures play a key role in quenching of 1O2 by stilbenes had not yet been determined. To explore it, UHPLC-QQQ-MS2 and UHPLC-QTOF-MS2 were used to analyze and compare the 1O2 quenching activities of piceatannol, resveratrol, dihydroresveratrol, pterostilbene, trimethoxystilbene and oxyresveratrol in vitro. The results showed that all six compounds exhibited some capacity to quench 1O2. Catechol [i.e., C6H4(OH)2] had the strongest capacity to quench of 1O2 amongst the stilbenes tested followed by the presence of carbon-carbon double bonds. This offers insight a route for screening for stilbenes with higher activities that might have a role in development of novel food-related antioxidants and functional foods with potential health benefits.
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Oxígeno Singlete , Estilbenos , Resveratrol , Oxígeno Singlete/química , Estilbenos/química , Carbono , CatecolesRESUMEN
Kiwifruit fruit stored at low temperatures are susceptible to chilling injury, leading to rapid softening, which therefore affects storage and marketing. The effect of 150 nM mL-1 of exogenous phytosulfokine α (PSKα) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, Ca2+ signaling, and signal-transducing MAPK in kiwifruit, stored at 0 °C for 60 days, was investigated. The results demonstrated that PSKα treatment effectively alleviated chilling injury in kiwifruit, with a 15% reduction in damage compared to the control on day 60. In addition, PSKα enhanced the activities and gene expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), Ca2+-ATPase, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In contrast, the activities and gene expression levels of NADPH oxidase (NOX) were inhibited, leading to a lower accumulation of O2- and H2O2, which were 47.2% and 42.2% lower than those in the control at the end of storage, respectively. Furthermore, PSKα treatment enhanced the calmodulin (CaM) content of kiwifruit, which was 1.41 times that of the control on day 50. These results indicate that PSKα can mitigate chilling injury and softening of kiwifruit by inhibiting the accumulation of ROS, increasing antioxidant capacity by inducing antioxidant enzymes, activating Ca2+ signaling, and responding to MAPK protein kinase. The present results provide evidence that exogenous PSKα may be taken for a hopeful treatment in alleviating chilling injury and maintaining the quality of kiwifruit.
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The aim of this experiment was to assess the effect of different storage temperatures on the texture quality, phenolic profile, and antioxidant capacity of a grape. Fresh grapes were stored at 4 and 25 °C for nine days and sampled on alternate days. The hardness, total phenolics, total flavanones, total flavanols, total anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity, differential metabolite screening, and key gene expression were evaluated. In addition, four phenolic compounds were screened out as differential metabolites in response to storage temperature by OPLS-DA analysis. The results showed that the fruit firmness was better maintained in low-temperature storage and the storage life was longer than that at 25 °C. During the whole storage process, the contents of phenolics, flavanones, flavanols, and anthocyanins all showed an increasing trend first and then decreased regardless of what temperature. Since the antioxidant capacity of a grape was positively correlated with the contents of total phenols and total flavonoids, the same trend was also shown. However, the grape's phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity were higher at 25 °C than at 4 °C. Furthermore, through qualitative and quantitative analysis of 16 monomeric phenols, this study selected catechin, 1-O-vanilloyl-ß-d-glucose, p-coumaric acid 4-glucoside, and resveratrol-3-O-glucoside as the main differentially expressed metabolites at the two temperatures. In conclusion, for a short shelf life or immediate consumption, keeping grapes at room temperature is more beneficial to obtain high antioxidants. However, if the goal is to prolong the storage period of the fruit, keeping the fruit at 4 °C is recommended.
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Flavanonas , Vitis , Antioxidantes , Antocianinas , Temperatura , Polifenoles/análisis , Fenoles/análisis , Frutas/químicaRESUMEN
The present study demonstrated the toxic effects of stilbenes on fungi, which were related to the structures of the stilbenes. Pterostilbene with methoxy had the best antifungal properties, followed by piceatannol, which has a catechol structure, and finally resveratrol. The inhibitory effects of stilbenes at 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 mM on A. carbonarius mycelia growth and spore germination were assessed by plate inhibition tests and poisoned food technique. Predicted by SPSS software, the IC50 values of resveratrol, piceatannol, and pterostilbene were 5.10, 1.80, and 0.28 mM, respectively. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that 0.4 mM pterostilbene treatment induced incompleteness of the sporangium and distortion of the mycelial structure. Antitoxic activities of stilbenes were positively correlated with their antifungal activities. 1.6 mM pterostilbene suppressed OTA synthesis better (63.48%) than 1.6 mM piceatannol (25.91%) and 1.6 mM resveratrol (22.98%). Furthermore, in the presence of stilbenes, the examined biosynthetic genes, and regulatory factors like NRPS, PKS, LaeA, HAL, bZIP, and P450 were remarkably downregulated to reduce OTA/OTB production. Increased levels of total stilbenes in grapes after fungal infestation can slow down the increased rate in OTA levels. It indicated stilbenes could be used as naturally safe and efficient compounds in food active packaging or preservatives against OTA in food.
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Ocratoxinas , Estilbenos , Vitis , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Aspergillus , Estilbenos/farmacologíaRESUMEN
A new type of film packaging made from natural polysaccharide materials, with its environmental safety and friendliness, is considered as a potential substitute for plastics. Novel polysaccharide composite films based upon citrus pectin (CP) and sodium alginate (SA) were successfully prepared and characterized, containing pterostilbene (PTE) at various concentrations (0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2 mM). The rheological analysis displayed that all film-forming liquids performed no gelation behavior with G" > G' at low frequency and weak gelation with G" < G' at high frequency. The SA-CP films had good tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (EB), while adding PTE as an antioxidant to the film reduced both the values. Of note, the SA-CP films with PTE had better moisture resistance than that of the pure SA-CP films, which was related to the changes of its microstructure. The increased roughness of the films containing PTE was observed by microscope. After calcium chloride cross-linking, the water solubility of the films was reduced, while its thermal stability was improved. Notably, the accretion of PTE expressively enhanced the antioxidant properties of the SA-CP films. Thus, the SA-CP composite films containing PTE could be utilized as an excellent antioxidant packaging material.
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Alginatos/química , Antioxidantes/química , Embalaje de Alimentos/métodos , Pectinas/química , Estilbenos/química , Cloruro de Calcio/química , Solubilidad , Resistencia a la Tracción/efectos de los fármacos , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on the composition of the gut microbiome, the transcriptomic profiling of ileum, and their interplay in high fat diet (HFD) induced obese mice. Intragastric administration of EGCG to C57BL/6J mice for 14 consecutive weeks remarkably decreased HFD induced excessive fat deposition (p < 0.001), and the increment of serum TG, TC, HDL-C (p < 0.05), as well as improved glucose tolerance (p < 0.001). EGCG shifted the gut microbiota mainly by elevating the relative abundance of Parasutterrlla, Bacteroides, and Akkermansia (p < 0.01), decreasing that of norank_f_Erysipelotrichaceae, unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae, Anaerotruncus, Roseburia, norank_Lachnospiraceae, and Lachnospiraceae_UCG_006 (p < 0.01) at the genus level. In addition, EGCG affected the transcriptomic profiling of ileum, and the differentially expressed (DE) genes after HFD or/and EGCG treatment were mostly enriched in the immune reaction of ileum, such as the GO term of "immune effector process" and "phagocytosis, recognition." Furthermore, the KEGG category of "immune diseases," "immune system," and "infection diseases: bacterial" were commonly enriched by the DE genes of the two treatments. Among those DE genes, 16 immunoglobulins heavy chain variable region encoded genes (Ighvs) and other immunity-related genes, such as complement component 2 (C2), interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (Iftm1), polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pigR), and alanyl aminopeptidase (Anpep), were highly correlated with the shifted microbes in the gut (p < 0.05, absolute r > 0.5). Overall, the results suggested that EGCG ameliorated the HFD induced metabolic disorder mainly by regulating gut microbiome profiling and the immunoglobulin production of ileum, while the genes expressed in the ileum, especially Ighvs, C2, Iftm1, pigR, and Anpep, might play important roles in coordinating the immunity of mice regarding the gut microbes and the host interactions.
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Lavender essential oil (LEO), a natural antimicrobial agent, is generally recognized as safe and effective in the inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi. Direct contact and fumigation (in vivo and in vitro) were used to study the fungistatic effect of LEO on Monilinia fructicola. Additionally, the effect on the ultrastructure of cells and the degree of destruction of the cell membrane of M. fructicola were revealed. In addition, the effects of LEO on the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes in M. fructicola cells were detected, and GC-MS was used to analyze the main components of LEO. LEO had a good inhibitory efficacy against M. fructicola in flat peaches, with almost complete growth inhibition at 800 µL/L. These effects were associated with the leakage of cytoplasmic contents, hyphal distortion, and spore disruption. Moreover, the expression of apoptosis RTG1 and RLM1 genes increased with LEO treatment. These results demonstrate that LEO can inhibit M. fructicola by inducing cytoplasmic membrane damage and cell apoptosis in fungi, and that the major ingredients of LEO are monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, which are presumed to contribute to the inhibitory effects.
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Ascomicetos , Lavandula , Aceites Volátiles , Prunus persica , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Ascomicetos/genética , Frutas , Aceites Volátiles/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Peppermint essential oil (Peo) is an efficient antifungal agent, and 2.0 µL of Peo per milliliter culture medium can completely inhibit the mycelium growth and spore germination of Geotrichum citri-aurantii. In vitro experiments showed that the main functional component in Peo was l-menthol, which could lead to changes in sugar and protein contents, reduce the content of alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and destroy the spore membrane structure, with a significant increase in electrical conductivity. Meanwhile, the content of reactive oxygen (ROS) accumulated sharply, and the enzyme activity changed significantly with the change in the gene expression level. In addition, l-menthol could cause degradation in spore genetic material differently. Furthermore, a total of 1704 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in G. citri-aurantii after 1.6 µL/mL l-menthol exposure for 2 h were obtained by the transcriptome sequencing. These DEGs were involved in transmembrane transport, carbohydrate transmembrane transport protein activity, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of DEGs yielded 10 highly cross-linked nodes, and these genes were associated with DNA replication and cell cycle. The expression level of the hub gene was confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), with the most significant changes in POL 30 (5.9-fold). Molecular simulation was performed and it was found that the binding site between l-menthol and POL 30 was the 44th ARG residue in POL 30, and it was speculated that l-menthol and POL 30 may be combined by hydrogen bonding interaction. The results of flow cytometry assay showed that l-menthol blocked the replication process in the S-phase of G. citri-aurantii. This study provides new insights into the development and application of Peo in food safety.
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Citrus , Aceites Volátiles , Ciclo Celular , Geotrichum , Homeostasis , Mentha piperita , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Enfermedades de las PlantasRESUMEN
Resveratrol dimers have been extensively reported on due to their antioxidative activity. Previous studies revealed that resveratrol dimer has been shown to selectively quench singlet oxygen (1O2), and could protect DNA from oxidative damage. The mechanism of resveratrol dimers protecting DNA against oxidative damage is still not clear. Therefore, in this project, the reactants and products of resveratrol dimers protecting guanine from oxidative damage were qualitatively monitored and quantitatively analyzed by UHPLC-QTOF-MS2 and UHPLC-QQQ-MS2. Results showed that when guanine and resveratrol dimers were attacked by 1O2, mostly resveratrol dimers were oxidized, which protected guanine from oxidation. Resveratrol dimers' oxidation products were identified and quantified at m/z 467.1134 [M-H]- and 467.1118 [M-H]-, respectively. The resorcinol of resveratrol dimers reacted with singlet oxygen to produce p-benzoquinone, protecting guanine from 1O2 damage. Therefore, it is hereby reported for the first time that the resorcinol ring is the characteristic structure in stilbenes inhibiting 1O2 induced-DNA damage, which provides a theoretical basis for preventing and treating DNA damage-mediated diseases.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare two ELISA methods for the detection of the prostatic exosomal protein (PSEP) in the urine. METHODS: Using the double-antibody sandwich (DAS) method and the indirect method of ELISA, we detected PSEP in the urine samples from 100 IIIA chronic prostatitis (CP) patients and another 100 normal healthy males. Meanwhile, we examined 30 clinical urine samples using the diluent (0.1 mol/L PBS buffer) and the urine matrix standard curves to verify the consistency of the standard diluent with the sample collected. Result: The sensitivities of DAS and indirect ELISA were 89% versus 87% and their specificities 91% versus 90%, with total consistency rates of 90% versus 88.5%, with no statistically significant difference in between. The scatter plot for the results of the PBS diluent and the urine matrix standard curves showed a good linearity (R2 = 0.999). No significant difference was found in the results of detection of the clinical urine samples in different matrices. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the characteristics of PSEP, the indirect ELISA method is more practical and feasible for the clinical detection of PSEP in the urine samples of prostatitis patients.
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Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/métodos , Exosomas , Prostatitis , Proteinuria/diagnóstico , Enfermedad Crónica , Humanos , Masculino , Prostatitis/diagnóstico , Proteínas/análisisRESUMEN
Stilbenes, an active substances closely related to resistance and quality of grapes, are rarely found in natural resources. However its cumulative amount is affected by ultraviolet radiation (UV). The purpose of this study is to screen key genes in biosynthesis of stilbenes Trans-scripusin A and explore its synthetic pathway. We tested content of stilbenes with UHPLC-QQQ-MS2, results revealed that stilbenes accumulation is positively correlated with UV-B exposure time. Then, we performed transcriptome high-throughput sequencing of grapes under treatments. Results shown that 13,906 differentially expressed genes were obtained, which were mainly enriched in three major regions (ribosome, plant-pathogen interaction and biosynthesis of flavonoid). Three genes of trans-scripusin A synthesis pathway key got by combining KEGG annotation and reference gene HsCYP1B1. Phylogenetic analysis showed that SAH genes had high homology with other hydroxylase genes, and distributed in two subgroups. Gene structure analysis showed that SAH genes contained four exons, indicating that gene has low genetic diversity. Chromosome localization revealed that SAH genes were distributed on different chromosomes, in addition, the number of gene pairs between Vitis vinifera and other species was not related to genome size of other species. The expression profiles of SAH genes in different parts of Vitis vinifera L. were analyzed using qRT-PCR analysis, results indicated that expression of SAH genes be specific to fruit part. These paper provide theoretical basis for further study of polyphenols biosynthesis pathway in grape fruits. The study provides novel insights for further understanding quality of grapes response to UV radiation.
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Frutas/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas/efectos de la radiación , ARN Mensajero/efectos de la radiación , Vitis/genética , Vías Biosintéticas , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Flavonoides/metabolismo , Frutas/metabolismo , Frutas/efectos de la radiación , Ensayos Analíticos de Alto Rendimiento , Conformación de Ácido Nucleico , Filogenia , Polifenoles/metabolismo , RNA-Seq , Ribosomas/metabolismo , Estilbenos/metabolismo , Estrés Fisiológico/genética , Estrés Fisiológico/efectos de la radiación , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Transcriptoma/efectos de la radiación , Rayos Ultravioleta , Vitis/metabolismo , Vitis/efectos de la radiaciónRESUMEN
Grape berries are susceptible to Aspergillus niger (A. niger) infection during storage, leading to a significant reduction in its nutritional quality. However, most alternations in nutrient contents and related gene expression during fungal infection or treated with antimycotics remain unexplored. This work aimed to monitor and verify the metabolic changes in berries caused by A. niger or Melaleuca alternifolia oil (MAO) by using UHPLC-ESI-MS2 and Quantitative Real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Results showed that sucrose, glucose, fructose, trans-resveratrol and pterostilbene levels were down and pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis pathway and phenylpropanoid pathway were significantly down-regulated compared with healthy berries due to A. niger infection, all of which were alleviated by MAO treated. A. niger also induced down-regulation of key genes expression associated with metabolic pathways and magnitude of down-regulation was reduced by MAO. These results provide a theoretical basis for MAO used to control the risk of A. niger-mediated diseases.