[Plasma myoglobin and continuous hemofiltration in patients with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney failure]. / Mioglobin plazmy i postoiannaia gemofil'tratsiia u bol'nykh s rabdomiolizom i ostroi pochechnoi nedostatochnost'iu.

Plasma and filtrate levels of myoglobin, specific antibodies and immune complexes were measured by radioimmunoassay or enzyme immunoassay in patients with rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure on continuous hemofiltration (CHF). 14 of them had crush syndrome, 7 had other forms of rhabdomyolysis. 11 patients died (52%) because of the underlying disease or its complications. Rhabdomyolysis was associated with marked and long-lasting myoglobinemia. Early amputation and restoration of diuresis combined with CHF resulted in a fall in myoglobin content. CHF provided elimination of large amounts of myoglobin with filtrate. In rhabdomyolysis in all cases there appeared specific antibodies and circulating immune complexes.

[The management in clinical trials of pharmacological agents]. / Menedzhment v klinicheskikh ispytaniyakh lekarstvennykh preparatov.

The author analyzes the experience gained by foreign countries in the creation of a new management system in all spheres of public health, including clinical trials and use of drugs. A term "High-Quality Clinical Practice" is used in the European Community, reflecting the standard or the norm of clinical studies and designed as a complex of regulations for the organization and implementation of clinical studies. High-Quality Clinical Practice implies all reasonable measures providing the accuracy of experimental data and guarantees the rights of the participants in the trials. Studies carried out in conformity with the requirements of High-Quality Clinical Practice bring about reliable results and permit the pharmaceutical companies and public health organs use these data.

[Clinico-immunological characteristics of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and cryoglobulinemia]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskie osobennosti bol'nykh sistemnoi krasnoi volchsnkoi s krioglobulinemiei.

Sixty patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were examined: 40 patients with cryoglobulinemia and 20 patients without it. Cryoglobulinemia was observed in patients with SLE, as a rule, in the acute course of the disease ending in renal affection. Cryoglobulinemia in SLE was accompanied by the phenomenon of generalized vasculitis in the form of skin and mucosa lesions with ulcero-necrotic changes and affections of the central and peripheral nervous system and the kidneys. The clinical picture of SLE accompanied by cryoglobulinemia was characterized by a polysyndrome phenomenon and infrequent presence of the ARA criteria. Cryoglobulinemia was accompanied by high titres of anti-DNA. Thus, cryoglobulinemia can be regarded as one of the important factors of immunocomplex damage in SLE.

[Cryoglobulinemia and fibronectin in systemic lupus erythematosus]. / Krioglobulinemiia i fibronektin pri sistemnoi krasnoi volchanke.

EIA was used to measure the concentration of fibronectin in plasma and cryoprecipitates of 37 patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus coupled with cryoglobulinemia. A definite relationship was discovered between the level of cryoglobulins and the activity of SLE, the concentration of fibronectin in plasma and liver damage. A tendency was revealed towards increase of the fibronectin content in plasma of patients with a high level of antibodies to native DNA and CIC as was a significant correlation between the concentration of cryoglobulin protein and the concentration of fibronectin in cryoprecipitates.

[The use of immunoenzyme analysis for recording specific IgM antibodies in syphilis patients]. / Primenenie immunofermentnogo analiza dlia registratsii spetsificheskikh IgM-antitel u bol'nykh sifilisom.

Specific IgM antibodies were assayed in blood sera of 230 patients with various forms of syphilis and of 561 controls. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) sensitivity has made up 95.8 percent for primary syphilis, 93.8 percent for secondary new, 78.3 percent for secondary recurrent, 35.4 percent for early latent, 37.5 percent for late latent, and 80 percent for unknown syphilis. False-positive reactions were recorded in 5.5 percent of cases and were as a rule seen in the sera from patients with diffuse diseases of connective tissue. IgM EIA has proved highly effective in testing the sera from patients with primary seronegative syphilis and from subjects who had sexual intercourse with patients suffering from contagious forms of syphilis.

FN-C1q and C1 INH C1r-C1s complexes as indicators of complement activation in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

We have previously found low levels of C1 and C4 INH in the sera of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) patients. Hypocomplementaemia was supposed to be the consequence of a permanent activation of the classical pathway. We have compared the levels of C1 INH-C1rC1s and C1q-FN complexes in the sera of 95 CLL patients and 100 healthy controls, because these complexes are known to be formed in the early stage of classical pathway activation. A significant increase in the level of both types of complexes was found in sera of CLL patients as compared to the controls. These findings support the assumption that the classical complement pathway is activated in the patients with CLL.

[Clinico-immunological parallels in patients with focal scleroderma]. / Kliniko-immunologicheskie paralleli u bol'nykh ochagovoi sklerodermiei.

Combined immunological examination of patients with focal scleroderma included studies of the humoral and cellular immunity parameters. The findings evidence that mainly immunological disorders underlie the pathogenesis of this disease, whose various combinations form this of that immunopathological pattern. An immunological classification of focal scleroderma is suggested. Clinical and immunological parallels in patients with different immunological variants of focal scleroderma are analyzed. The results permit a conclusion on the two basic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of focal scleroderma: (1) immunodeficiency involving the effector B component and (2) an isolated hyperfunction of natural killer cells.

[Dynamics of changes in the levels of myoglobin and anti-myoglobin autoantibodies in the blood serum of patients with myocardial infarction]. / Dinamika izmenenii kontsentratsii mioglobina i autoantitel k mioglobinu v syvorotke krovi bol'nykh s infarktom miokarda.

The mean level of myoglobin and autoantibodies to myoglobin in the blood of healthy donors was 77.57 +/- 8.17 ng/ml and 18.01 +/- 1.85 micrograms/ml respectively. The level of myoglobin in the blood of patients with primary transmural myocardial infarction was rapidly increased, reaching its maximum in 9-12 h and returning to normal in 9 days. The mean level of autoantibodies was decreased in the first 66 h and got back to normal by the 6th day of disease. In primary large focal nontransmural myocardial infarction the concentration of myoglobin in the blood of patients was also increased, reaching its maximum in 3-9 h and returning to normal by the end of the 2nd day after onset of an angina attack. A decrease in the level of autoantibodies to myoglobin was observed up to the 18th day of disease. The peculiarity of repeated large focal nontransmural myocardial infarction was a two-peak curve of changes in a MG level with maximum levels in 9-12 and 21-24 h after onset of a pain attack. Final normalization of the level of myoglobin in the blood of patients of this group occurred in 69 h. The concentration of autoantibodies to myoglobin was more than once decreased up to the 6th day of disease. The results obtained showed that groups of examinees differed in the time course of changes in the level of myoglobin and autoantibodies to myoglobin. Such differences can be used for diagnostic purposes.

[A solid-phase immunoenzyme method of the quantitative determination of insulin antibodies]. / Tverdofaznyi immunofermentnyi metod kolichestvennogo opredeleniia antitel k insulinu.

A test system for quantitative estimation of antibodies towards insulin was developed using the solid phase immunoenzymatic procedure. The test system was calibrated using affinity antibodies towards insulin, obtained after immunosorption of blood plasma of insulin-resistant patient with diabetes. The normal content of autoantibodies, estimated by means of the procedure in human blood serum, constituted 35.2 X 10(-3) +/- 12.4 X 10(-3) g/l. In the patients with diabetes increased content of autoantibodies towards insulin was usually determined--70 X 10(-3)-180 X 10(-3) g/l.