RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Urocortin (UCN) is a member of the corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) neuropeptide family. UCN act as locally expressed proinflammatory factor and induce mast cell degranulation, cytokine secretion, and trigger vascular permeability, which are mediated by CRF receptors in peripheral tissues. Considering its functional roles, UCN and its receptors may play a role in the pathogenesis of allergic nasal mucosa. Therefore, we investigated the expression profile and distribution of UCN and CRF receptors in normal and allergic nasal mucosa. METHODS: Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting were applied to the normal and allergic nasal mucosa. RESULTS: The expression levels of UCN and CRF receptors were increased in allergic nasal mucosa in comparison with normal nasal mucosa. In normal nasal mucosa, UCN and CRF receptors were restricted to the vascular endothelium of submucosal cavernous sinusoids where faint staining was found. However, in allergic nasal mucosa, UCN was expressed in small vessels distributed in lamina propria and the vascular endothelium of cavernous sinusoid located in submucosa. Many scattered positive cells were also found in allergic nasal mucosa, probably UCN-positive leukocytes. CRF receptors were also localized in the vascular endothelium of small vessels and cavernous sinusoid. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that UCN may play a role in the regulation of vascular swelling in normal nasal mucosa. Moreover, in allergic nasal mucosa, increased expression levels of UCN and its receptors may contribute to increased mucosal swelling and vascular permeability, playing an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.
Asunto(s)
Mucosa Nasal/metabolismo , Receptores de Hormona Liberadora de Corticotropina/genética , Receptores de Hormona Liberadora de Corticotropina/metabolismo , Rinitis Alérgica Perenne/genética , Rinitis Alérgica Perenne/metabolismo , Urocortinas/genética , Urocortinas/metabolismo , Adulto , Western Blotting , Cartilla de ADN/genética , Femenino , Expresión Génica/genética , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Mucosa Nasal/patología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Rinitis Alérgica Perenne/patología , Cornetes Nasales/metabolismo , Cornetes Nasales/patologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: A systemic determination of gene expression profiles in nasal polyp compared with normal nasal mucosa would contribute considerably to the investigation of the disease marker in various rhinopathy and general knowledge on the formation of human nasal polyp. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the transcriptome of the normal human nasal mucosa and nasal polyp by the serial analysis of gene expression. METHODS: mRNA was extracted from normal inferior turbinate mucosa and nasal polyp. Short sequences (tags), each one usually corresponding to a distinct transcript, was isolated and concatemerized into long DNA molecules, which were cloned and sequenced. RESULTS: We detected 65,305 tags for normal nasal mucosa and 55,829 tags for nasal polyp, representing 20,629 and 17,636 potential transcripts species, respectively. Of the unique tags encountered more than once, 92% (normal nasal mucosa) and 90% (nasal polyp) matched known genes or expressed sequence tags, whereas the remainder did not match any GenBank sequences. Therefore, 504 and 539 novel transcripts were identified in normal nasal mucosa and nasal polyp, respectively. Although the expression levels of most transcripts in both libraries were similar, 114 transcripts were differentially expressed at a statistically significant level (P < .05)-that is, 65 and 49 transcripts among them were expressed at a higher level in normal nasal mucosa and nasal polyp, respectively. CONCLUSION: This information should be very useful for basic knowledge as well as for future studies on pathophysiological conditions of human nasal mucosa, providing some clues to evaluate the altered factors in a variety of rhinopathies. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The results of this study might contribute to general knowledge on the formation of human nasal polyp.
Asunto(s)
Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Mucosa Nasal/metabolismo , Pólipos Nasales/metabolismo , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Hibridación in Situ , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa InversaRESUMEN
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that elevated c-Met expression in combination with the co-expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the epithelial cells of inverted papilloma may proliferate the epithelial cells of inverted papilloma. OBJECTIVES: HGF and its receptor, c-Met, have been identified in a variety of neoplastic and normal tissue types, implicating these factors in tissue regeneration and tumor progression. We investigated the expression and distribution of HGF and c-Met in normal nasal mucosa and inverted papilloma, to evaluate the possible influence of HGF and c-Met on the development of inverted papilloma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Normal inferior turbinate mucosa and inverted papilloma were examined for expression of HGF and c-Met using RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Using immunohistochemistry, moderate to high levels of HGF and c-Met protein were localized in epithelial cells in inverted papillomas tested in the present study. In normal turbinate mucosa immunopositive HGF was detected in the submucosal glands where faint staining was found. However, c-Met was noted in the epithelial cells and submucosal glands of normal turbinate mucosa. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of HGF and c-Met were increased in inverted papilloma in comparison with the normal turbinate mucosa.