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1.
J Card Fail ; 30(10): 1367-1383, 2024 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39389747

RESUMEN

As cardiovascular care continues to advance and with an aging population with higher comorbidities, the epidemiology of the cardiac intensive care unit has undergone a paradigm shift. There has been increasing emphasis on the development of multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) for providing holistic care to complex critically ill patients, analogous to heart teams for chronic cardiovascular care. Outside of cardiovascular medicine, MDTs in critical care medicine focus on implementation of guideline-directed care, prevention of iatrogenic harm, communication with patients and families, point-of-care decision-making, and the development of care plans. MDTs in acute cardiovascular care include physicians from cardiovascular medicine, critical care medicine, interventional cardiology, cardiac surgery, and advanced heart failure, in addition to nonphysician team members. In this document, we seek to describe the changes in patients in the cardiac intensive care unit, health care delivery, composition, logistics, outcomes, training, and future directions for MDTs involved in acute cardiovascular care. As a part of the comprehensive review, we performed a scoping of concepts of MDTs, acute hospital care, and cardiovascular conditions and procedures.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Grupo de Atención al Paciente , Humanos , Grupo de Atención al Paciente/organización & administración , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/terapia , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Cuidados Críticos/tendencias , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Predicción
2.
Cardiovasc Revasc Med ; 66: 68-73, 2024 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38531709

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: There has been an evolution in the disease severity and complexity of patients presenting to the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU). There are limited data evaluating the role of palliative care in contemporary CICU practice. METHODS: PubMed Central, CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were evaluated for studies on palliative care in adults (≥18 years) admitted with acute cardiovascular conditions - acute myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, advanced heart failure, post-cardiac surgery, spontaneous coronary artery dissection, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, and pulmonary embolism - admitted to the CICU, coronary care unit or cardiovascular intensive care unit from 1/1/2000 to 8/8/2022. The primary outcome of interest was the utilization of palliative care services. Secondary outcomes of included studies were also addressed. Meta-analysis was not performed due to heterogeneity. RESULTS: Of 5711 citations, 30 studies were included. All studies were published in the last seven years and 90 % originated in the United States. Twenty-seven studies (90 %) were retrospective analyses, with a majority from the National Inpatient Sample database. Heart failure was the most frequent diagnosis (47 %), and in-hospital mortality was reported in 67 % of studies. There was heterogeneity in the timing, frequency, and background of the care team that determined palliative care consultation. In two randomized trials, there appeared to be improvement in quality of life without an impact on mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the growing recognition of the role of palliative care, there are limited data on palliative care consultation in the CICU.


Asunto(s)
Unidades de Cuidados Coronarios , Cuidados Paliativos , Humanos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/terapia , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/mortalidad , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Calidad de Vida , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos
3.
Nucleic Acids Res ; 51(18): 9983-10000, 2023 Oct 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37602404

RESUMEN

eIF2A was the first eukaryotic initiator tRNA carrier discovered but its exact function has remained enigmatic. Uncharacteristic of translation initiation factors, eIF2A is reported to be non-cytosolic in multiple human cancer cell lines. Attempts to study eIF2A mechanistically have been limited by the inability to achieve high yield of soluble recombinant protein. Here, we developed a purification paradigm that yields ∼360-fold and ∼6000-fold more recombinant human eIF2A from Escherichia coli and insect cells, respectively, than previous reports. Using a mammalian in vitro translation system, we found that increased levels of recombinant human eIF2A inhibit translation of multiple reporter mRNAs, including those that are translated by cognate and near-cognate start codons, and does so prior to start codon recognition. eIF2A also inhibited translation directed by all four types of cap-independent viral IRESs, including the CrPV IGR IRES that does not require initiation factors or initiator tRNA, suggesting excess eIF2A sequesters 40S subunits. Supplementation with additional 40S subunits prevented eIF2A-mediated inhibition and pull-down assays demonstrated direct binding between recombinant eIF2A and purified 40S subunits. These data support a model that eIF2A must be kept away from the translation machinery to avoid sequestering 40S ribosomal subunits.


Asunto(s)
Factor 2 Eucariótico de Iniciación , Biosíntesis de Proteínas , Subunidades Ribosómicas Pequeñas de Eucariotas , Animales , Humanos , Codón Iniciador/metabolismo , Sitios Internos de Entrada al Ribosoma , Mamíferos/genética , Factores de Iniciación de Péptidos/metabolismo , Subunidades Ribosómicas Pequeñas de Eucariotas/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , ARN de Transferencia de Metionina/metabolismo , Factor 2 Eucariótico de Iniciación/metabolismo
4.
ASAIO J ; 66(6): 610-619, 2020 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31651460

RESUMEN

Despite advances in left ventricular assist device (LVAD) technology, right ventricular failure (RVF) continues to be a complication after implantation. Most patients undergoing LVAD implantation have underlying right ventricular (RV) dysfunction (either as a result of prolonged LV failure or systemic disorders) that becomes decompensated post-implantation. Additional insults include intra-operative factors or a sudden increase in preload in the setting of increased cardiac output. The current literature estimates post-LVAD RVF from 3.9% to 53% using a diverse set of definitions. A few of the risk factors that have been identified include markers of cardiogenic shock (e.g., dependence on inotropes and Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support profiles) as well as evidence of cardiorenal or cardiohepatic syndromes. Several studies have devised multivariable risk scores; however, their performance has been limited. A new functional assessment of RVF and a novel hepatic marker that describe cholestatic properties of congestive hepatopathy may provide additional predictive value. Furthermore, future studies can help better understand the relationship between pulmonary hypertension and post-LVAD RVF. To achieve our ultimate goal-to prevent and effectively manage RVF post-LVAD-we must start with a better understanding of the risk factors and pathophysiology. Future research on the different etiologies of RVF-ranging from acute post-surgical complication to late-onset RV cardiomyopathy-will help standardize definitions and tailor therapies appropriately.


Asunto(s)
Corazón Auxiliar/efectos adversos , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/epidemiología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología
5.
PLoS One ; 12(3): e0174323, 2017.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28362876

RESUMEN

Implantation of left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) has increased because of improved safety profile and limited availability of heart transplantation. Although supervised exercise training (ET) programs are known to improve exercise capacity and quality of life (QoL) in heart failure (HF) patients, similar data is inconclusive in LVAD patients. Thus, we performed a systematic review on studies that incorporated supervised ET and measured peak oxygen uptake in LVAD patients. A total of 150 patients in exercise and 55 patients in control groups were included from 8 studies selected from our predefined criteria. Our systematic review suggests supervised ET has an inconsistent effect on exercise capacity and QoL when compared to control groups undergoing usual care. A quantitative sub-analysis was performed with 4 studies that provided enough data to compare peak oxygen uptake and QoL at baseline and at follow-up. After at least 6 weeks of training, LVAD patients undergoing supervised ET demonstrated significant improvement in exercise capacity (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.735, 95% Confidence Interval-[CI], 0.31-1.15 units of the standard deviation, P = 0.001) and QoL scores (SMD = 1.58, 95% CI 0.97-2.20 units of the standard deviation, P <0.001) when compared to the usual care group, with no serious adverse events with exercise. These results suggest that supervised ET is safe and can improve patient outcomes in LVAD patients when compared to the usual care.


Asunto(s)
Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Corazón Auxiliar , Intervalos de Confianza , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/cirugía , Humanos , Calidad de Vida
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