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Extracting clean water from oily wastewater and seawater is one of the effective strategies to alleviate the freshwater crisis. However, achieving both high separation efficiency and excellent salt resistance remain challenges for materials. Herein, a novel methyltrichlorosilane-modified polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose aerogel (MPCA) was prepared by freeze drying, chemical cross-linking, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods. The superwetting MPCA presented an asymmetric structure, in which the small dense pores at the top surface facilitated the efficient separation of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions and the large pores on the bottom surface were beneficial for brine exchange. The as-prepared superwetting aerogel was suitable for the separation of various W/O emulsions with excellent separation flux (631.9-2368.7 L·m-2·h-1) and outstanding separation efficiency (99.5 %). In addition, MPCA achieved a high evaporation efficiency of 1.39 kg·m-2·h-1 and a satisfactory energy conversion efficiency of 89.7 %. Moreover, the unique asymmetric structure endowed the evaporator excellent salt resistance and could self-dissolve the accumulated salt in 20 min. The as-prepared MPCA could achieve efficient W/O emulsion separation as well as produce freshwater in seawater, providing a new strategy for oily waste seawater purification.
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BACKGROUND: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a prevalent form of hair loss that affects both men and women, severely impacting patients' quality of life. Traditional treatments include oral medications, topical medications, and hair transplantation, but these methods have certain side effects and limitations. How to safely effectively and maximally promote hair growth has been a key issue in the treatment of AGA. In recent years, fractionated laser therapy, as a noninvasive method, has gradually gained attention due to its minimally invasive and highly effective nature. AIMS: In this paper, we summarized the studies related to fractional laser treatment of AGA in the past 15 years, and discussed its therapeutic mechanism, clinical effect, future development direction, and advantages and disadvantages compared with traditional treatment methods in the treatment of AGA. METHODS: An extensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google, Google Scholar, Embase, and Scopus. All available articles studying fractional laser treatment of AGA were compiled in March 2024. Titles and abstracts were then screened for relevance and thoroughly examined for patient clinical outcomes. Prospective clinical trials, retrospective chart reviews, case series, and individual case reports were included in the literature review. CONCLUSIONS: Fractional laser treatment of AGA showed remarkable efficacy and high safety. Compared with traditional treatments, fractional laser has the advantages of minimally invasive, quick recovery, fewer side effects, and a wide range of population applicability, providing an effective treatment option for AGA patients. Further large-scale clinical studies will help optimize the laser parameters and treatment settings to improve the therapeutic effect.
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Accumulating evidence strongly support the key role of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in the pathogenesis and progression of vascular endothelial dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitus. Various studies have demonstrated that the activation or upregulation of Silent Information Regulation 2 homolog 2 (SIRT2) exerts inhibitory effect on the expression of NLRP3. Although 1,8-cineole has been found to protect against endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases, its role and mechanism in diabetic angiopathy remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of 1,8-cineole through SIRT2 on pyroptosis associated with diabetic angiopathy in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. The findings revealed that 1,8-cineole exhibited a protective effect against vascular injury and ameliorated pathological alterations in the thoracic aorta of diabetic mice. Moreover, it effectively mitigated pyroptosis induced by palmitic acid-high glucose (PA-HG) in HUVECs. Treatment with 1,8-cineole effectively restored the reduced levels of SIRT2 and suppressed the elevated expression of pyroptosis-associated proteins. Additionally, our findings demonstrated the occurrence of NLRP3 deacetylation and the physical interaction between NLRP3 and SIRT2. The SIRT2 inhibitor AGK2 and siRNA-SIRT2 effectively attenuated the effect of 1,8-cineole on NLRP3 deacetylation in HUVECs and compromised its inhibitory effect against pyroptosis in HUVECs. However, overexpression of SIRT2 inhibited PA-HG-induced pyroptosis in HUVECs. 1,8-Cineole inhibited the deacetylation of NLRP3 by regulating SIRT2, thereby reducing pyroptosis in HUVECs. In conclusion, our findings suggest that PA-HG-induced pyroptosis in HUVECs plays a crucial role in the development of diabetic angiopathy, which can be mitigated by 1,8-cineole.
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Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Eucaliptol , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana , Inflamasomas , Piroptosis , Animales , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Angiopatías Diabéticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Angiopatías Diabéticas/metabolismo , Angiopatías Diabéticas/prevención & control , Angiopatías Diabéticas/patología , Eucaliptol/farmacología , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana/efectos de los fármacos , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana/metabolismo , Inflamasomas/metabolismo , Inflamasomas/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/metabolismo , Piroptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Sirtuina 2/metabolismo , Sirtuina 2/antagonistas & inhibidoresRESUMEN
Background: Implants are widely used in the field of orthopedics and dental sciences. Titanium (TI) and its alloys have become the most widely used implant materials, but implant-associated infection remains a common and serious complication after implant surgery. In addition, titanium exhibits biological inertness, which prevents implants and bone tissue from binding strongly and may cause implants to loosen and fall out. Therefore, preventing implant infection and improving their bone induction ability are important goals. Purpose: To study the antibacterial activity and bone induction ability of titanium-copper alloy implants coated with nanosilver/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (NSPTICU) and provide a new approach for inhibiting implant-associated infection and promoting bone integration. Methods: We first examined the in vitro osteogenic ability of NSPTICU implants by studying the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, the ability of NSPTICU implants to induce osteogenic activity in SD rats was studied by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, masson staining, immunohistochemistry and van gieson (VG) staining. The antibacterial activity of NSPTICU in vitro was studied with gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) and gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. Sa was used as the test bacterium, and the antibacterial ability of NSPTICU implanted in rats was studied by gross view specimen collection, bacterial colony counting, HE staining and Giemsa staining. Results: Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis showed that NSPTICU promoted the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The in vitro antimicrobial results showed that the NSPTICU implants exhibited better antibacterial properties. Animal experiments showed that NSPTICU can inhibit inflammation and promote the repair of bone defects. Conclusion: NSPTICU has excellent antibacterial and bone induction ability, and has broad application prospects in the treatment of bone defects related to orthopedics and dental sciences.
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Antibacterianos , Materiales Biocompatibles Revestidos , Escherichia coli , Osteogénesis , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico-Ácido Poliglicólico , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Staphylococcus aureus , Animales , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico-Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Ratones , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Materiales Biocompatibles Revestidos/química , Materiales Biocompatibles Revestidos/farmacología , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Prótesis e Implantes , Aleaciones/farmacología , Aleaciones/química , Ratas , Titanio/química , Titanio/farmacología , Plata/química , Plata/farmacología , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Cobre/química , Cobre/farmacología , Masculino , Microtomografía por Rayos X , Línea Celular , Nanopartículas del Metal/químicaRESUMEN
This study synthesized novel, green, and easily recoverable surface-modified economical catalysts via hydrothermal treatment (HT) successfully, utilizing biogas residue biochar (BRB), a food waste product from anaerobic fermentation, pyrolyzed at 500 °C for 50 min. Using autoclaves, a total of six solutions were prepared, each having 1 g fine-grinded BRB, surficial modified by adding glycerol (GL) (10 or 20 mL) and SDI water (70 or 60 mL), and heated in an oven at 240 °C, 180 °C, and 120 °C for 24 h. Afterward, the catalysts showed the potential for degradation of widely used emerging pollutants like ciprofloxacin. Taking advantage of catalytic surface modification, the catalytic ozonation degradation was more effective than that of a single ozonation. However, under similar conditions, catalyst amount 0.20 g, ozone dose 15 mg L-1, and ciprofloxacin 80 mg L-1, the performance of the 10 mL GL-180 °C catalyst was excellent. It showed a 92.45%-94.41% optimum removal rate in the 8-10 min interval. After five continuous cycles, the 10 mL GL-180 °C catalyst exhibited excellent stability and reusability. XPS, FT-IR, BET, XRD, and SEM before and after the reaction confirmed the successful synthesis and degradation mechanism. A possible degradation pathway was unrevealed based on a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) and scavenger test, proving the significant roles of superoxide radicals (O2â¢-), hydroxyl radicals (â¢OH), and singlet oxygen (1O2). Further, Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis confirmed the presence of active oxygen species. Subsequently, 10 mL GL-180 °C showed promising degradation for the actual water environment, such as groundwater (73.55%) and river water (64.74%). This work provides a valuable economic strategy to convert biogas residue biochar into a low-cost catalyst for organic pollutant decomposition.
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Biocombustibles , Carbón Orgánico , Ciprofloxacina , Ozono , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Ozono/química , Carbón Orgánico/química , Ciprofloxacina/química , Catálisis , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/química , Biocombustibles/análisisRESUMEN
Edible bird's nest (EBN), a most highly priced and valuable foodstuff, contains high percentage of proteins and carbohydrates. However, proteins adhering to these carbohydrates make the EBN hard and tough, which need to be boiled as the bird's nest soup to make the Chinese cuisine. To overcome the hard and tough texture of EBN and improve the digestion degrees, the present study screened and identified a probiotic strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YZW02 from 5-year stored EBN sample completely solubilizing EBN for the first time. The 24-h B. amyloliquefaciens fermented EBN contained 20.30-21.48 mg/mL of the soluble protein contents with a recovery rate of 98-100%, DPPH radical scavenging rate of 84.76% and ABTS radical scavenging capacity of 41.05%. The mixed fermentation of B. amyloliquefaciens YZW02 and Bacillus natto BN1 were further applied to improve the low-MW peptide percentages and antioxidant activities. The mixed-fermentation of B. natto BN1 with 4-h cultured B. amyloliquefaciens YZW02 had the lowest percentage (82.23%) of >12-kDa proteins/peptides and highest percentages of 3-12 kDa, 1-3 kDa and 0.1-1 kDa peptides of 8.6% ± 0.08, 7.57% ± 0.09, 1.77% ± 0.05 and 0.73% ± 0.05, with the highest DPPH, ABTS and â¢OH scavenging capacity of 90.23%, 46.45% and 49.12%, respectively. These findings would provide an efficient strategy for improving the solubility and antioxidant activities of EBNs.
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Antioxidantes , Bacillus amyloliquefaciens , Aves , Fermentación , Probióticos , Solubilidad , Bacillus amyloliquefaciens/química , Bacillus amyloliquefaciens/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Animales , Probióticos/química , Probióticos/metabolismo , Aves/microbiologíaRESUMEN
This study aimed to address the issue of larger prediction errors existing in intelligent predictive tasks related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). A cohort of 487 enrolled participants was categorized into three groups: normal control (138 individuals), mild cognitive impairment (238 patients), and AD (111 patients) in this study. An improved multifeature squeeze-and-excitation-dilated residual network (MFSE-DRN) was proposed for two important AD predictions: clinical scores and conversion probability. The model was characterized as three modules: squeeze-and-excitation-dilated residual block (SE-DRB), multifusion pooling (MF-Pool), and multimodal feature fusion. To assess its performance, the proposed model was compared with two other novel models: ranking convolutional neural network (RCNN) and 3D vision geometrical group network (3D-VGGNet). Our method showed the best performance in the two AD predicted tasks. For the clinical scores prediction, the root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) and mean absolute errors (MAEs) of mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and AD assessment scale-cognitive 11-item (ADAS-11) were 1.97, 1.46 and 4.20, 3.19 within 6 months; 2.48, 1.69 and 4.81, 3.44 within 12 months; 2.67, 1.86 and 5.81, 3.83 within 24 months; 3.02, 2.03 and 5.09, 3.43 within 36 months, respectively. At the AD conversion probability prediction, the prediction accuracies within 12, 24, and 36 months reached to 88.0, 85.5, and 88.4%, respectively. The AD predication would play a great role in clinical applications.
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Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Disfunción Cognitiva , Redes Neurales de la Computación , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Anciano , Disfunción Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Pruebas de Estado Mental y DemenciaRESUMEN
Oxalate decarboxylase (OXDC) is a typical Mn2+/Mn3+ dependent metal enzyme and splits oxalate to formate and CO2 without any organic cofactors. Fungi and bacteria are the main organisms expressing the OXDC gene, but with a significantly different mechanism of gene expression and regulation. Many articles reported its potential applications in the clinical treatment of hyperoxaluria, low-oxalate food processing, degradation of oxalate salt deposits, oxalate acid diagnostics, biocontrol, biodemulsifier, and electrochemical oxidation. However, some questions still remain to be clarified about the role of substrate binding and/or protein environment in modulating the redox properties of enzyme-bound Mn(II)/Mn(III), the nature of dioxygen involved in the catalytic mechanism, and how OXDC acquires Mn(II) /Mn(III). This review mainly summarizes its biochemical and structure characteristics, gene expression and regulation, and catalysis mechanism. We also deep-mined oxalate decarboxylase gene data from National Center for Biotechnology Information to give some insights to explore new OXDC with diverse biochemical properties.
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Bacterias , Carboxiliasas , Carboxiliasas/genética , Carboxiliasas/metabolismo , Carboxiliasas/química , Bacterias/genética , Bacterias/enzimología , Bacterias/metabolismo , Hongos/genética , Hongos/enzimología , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Proteínas Fúngicas/metabolismo , Proteínas Fúngicas/química , Biocatálisis , Oxalatos/metabolismo , Oxalatos/química , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/química , Regulación Enzimológica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Catálisis , AnimalesRESUMEN
Starch and plant fibers are abundant natural polymers that offer biodegradability, making them potential substitutes for plastics in certain applications, but are usually limited by its high hydrophilicity, and low mechanical performance. To address this issue, polylactic acid (PLA) is blended with cellulose and chitosan to create a waterproof film that can be applied to starch-fiber foaming biodegradable composites to enhance their water resistance properties. Here, plant fibers as a reinforcement is incorporated to the modified starch by foaming mold at 260 °C, and PLA based hydrophobic film is coated onto the surface to prepare the novel hydrophobic bio-composites. The developed bio-composite exhibits comprehensive water barrier properties, which is significantly better than that of traditional starch and cellulose based materials. Introducing PLA films decreases water vapor permeability from 766.83 g/m2·24h to 664.89 g/m2·24h, and reduce hysteresis angles from 15.57° to 8.59° within the first five minutes after exposure to moisture. The water absorption rate of PLA films also decreases significantly from 12.3 % to 7.9 %. Additionally, incorporating hydrophobic films not only enhances overall waterproof performance but also improves mechanical properties of the bio-composites. The fabricated bio-composite demonstrates improved tensile strength from 2.09 MPa to 3.53 MPa.
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Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Poliésteres , Almidón , Resistencia a la Tracción , Agua , Poliésteres/química , Almidón/química , Agua/química , Permeabilidad , Quitosano/química , Celulosa/química , Vapor , Propiedades de SuperficieRESUMEN
Introduction: The close association between cuproptosis and tumor immunity in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) allows its monitoring for predicting the prognosis of patients with TNBC. Nevertheless, the biological function and prognostic value of cuproptosis-related miRNAs and their target genes have not been reported. Purpose: To construct the miRNA and mRNA-based risk models associated with cuproptosis for patients with TNBC. Methods: Comparison of expression levels for genes associated with cuproptosis was executed between patients in the normal individuals and the TCGA-TNBC cohort. Conducting differential analysis resulted in the identification of differentially expressed miRNA (DE-miRNAs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the TNBC and Control samples. Screening for prognostic miRNAs and biomarkers involved employing univariate Cox analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analyses. These methods were utilized to construct risk models aimed at predicting the survival of patients with TNBC. Based on the median value of risk scores, patients were then stratified into low- and high-risk groups. Functional enrichment analysis was employed to explore the potential function and pathways of prognostic genes. Additionally, independent prognostic analysis was performed through univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Immune infiltration analysis was performed to examine disparities in the infiltration of immune cells between the two risk groups. Finally, the prognostic gene expression was mined in key cell types of TNBC. Results: We obtained 5213 DEGs and 204 DE-miRNAs related to cuproptosis between TNBC and Control samples. Five prognostic miRNAs (miR-203a-3p, miR-1277-3p, miR-135b-5p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-592) and three biomarkers (DENND5B, IGF1R, and MEF2C) were closely associated with TNBC. Significant differences in the functions of prognostic genes between the two risk groups were observed, encompassing adipogenesis, inflammatory response, and hormone metabolic process. The prognostic gene regulatory network revealed that miR200C-3p regulated ZFPM2 and CFL2, and miR-1277-3p regulated BMP2 and RORA. A nomogram was created based on riskScore, cancer status, and pathologic stage to predict 1/3/5-year survival of patients with TNBC. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that the immune microenvironment may be associated with the progression of TNBC. Interestingly, prognostic genes exhibited higher expression levels in T cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and monocytes compared to other cells. Conclusions: Five prognostic miRNA (miR-203a-3p, miR-1277-3p, miR-135b-5p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-592) and three biomarkers (DENND5B, IGF1R, and MEF2C) were significantly associated with TNBC, it provides new therapeutic targets for the treatment and prognosis of TNBC.
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Flexible thermoelectric devices hold significant promise in wearable electronics owing to their capacity for green energy generation, temperature sensing, and comfortable wear. However, the simultaneous achievement of excellent multifunctional sensing and power generation poses a challenge in these devices. Here, ordered tellurium-based hetero-nanowire films are designed for flexible and multifunctional thermoelectric devices by optimizing the Seebeck coefficient and power factor. The obtained devices can efficiently detect both object and environment temperature, thermal conductivity, heat proximity, and airflow. In addition, combining the thermoelectric units with radiative cooling materials exhibits remarkable thermal management capabilities, preventing device overheating and avoiding degradation in power generation. Impressively, this multifunctional electronics exhibits excellent resistance in extreme low earth orbit environments. The fabrication of such thermoelectric devices provides innovative insights into multimodal sensing and energy harvesting.
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Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between exposure to air pollution and adverse meteorological factors, and the risk of osteoporosis. Methods: We diagnosed osteoporosis by assessing bone mineral density through Dual-Energy X-ray absorptiometry in 2,361 participants from Jiangsu, China. Additionally, we conducted physical examinations, blood tests, and questionnaires. We evaluated pollution exposure levels using grid data, considering various lag periods (ranging from one to five years) based on participants' addresses. We utilized logistic regression analysis, adjusted for temperature, humidity, and individual factors, to examine the connections between osteoporosis and seven air pollutants: PM1, PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3. We assessed the robustness of our study through two-pollutant models and distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) and explored susceptibility using stratified analyses. Results: In Jiangsu, China, the prevalence of osteoporosis among individuals aged 40 and above was found to be 15.1%. A consistent association was observed between osteoporosis and the five-year average exposure to most pollutants, including PM2.5, PM10, CO, and O3. The effects of PM10 and CO remained stable even after adjusting for the presence of a second pollutant. However, the levels of PM1 and PM2.5 were significantly influenced by O3 levels. Individuals aged 60 and above, those with a BMI of 25 or higher, and males were found to be more susceptible to the effects of air pollution. Interestingly, males showed a significantly higher susceptibility to PM1 and PM2.5 compared to females. This study provides valuable insights into the long-term effects of air pollution on osteoporosis risk among the adult population in China. Conclusion: This study indicates a potential association between air pollutants and osteoporosis, particularly with long-term exposure. The risk of osteoporosis induced by air pollution is found to be higher in individuals aged 60 and above, those with a BMI greater than 25, and males. These findings underscore the need for further research and public health interventions to mitigate the impact of air pollution on bone health.
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Contaminantes Atmosféricos , Contaminación del Aire , Contaminantes Ambientales , Osteoporosis , Adulto , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Material Particulado/efectos adversos , Material Particulado/análisis , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Contaminación del Aire/análisis , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/efectos adversos , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/análisis , Osteoporosis/epidemiología , Osteoporosis/etiología , China/epidemiología , Temperatura , Contaminantes Ambientales/análisisRESUMEN
Electronic skin (e-skin) capable of acquiring environmental and physiological information has attracted interest for healthcare, robotics, and human-machine interaction. However, traditional 2D e-skin only allows for in-plane force sensing, which limits access to comprehensive stimulus feedback due to the lack of out-of-plane signal detection caused by its 3D structure. Here, a dimension-switchable bioinspired receptor is reported to achieve multimodal perception by exploiting film kirigami. It offers the detection of in-plane (pressure and bending) and out-of-plane (force and airflow) signals by dynamically inducing the opening and reclosing of sensing unit. The receptor's hygroscopic and thermoelectric properties enable the sensing of humidity and temperature. Meanwhile, the thermoelectric receptor can differentiate mechanical stimuli from temperature by the voltage. The development enables a wide range of sensory capabilities of traditional e-skin and expands the applications in real life.
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Materiales Biomiméticos , Humanos , Materiales Biomiméticos/química , Dispositivos Electrónicos Vestibles , Temperatura , Biomimética/métodos , Humedad , Piel Artificial , Presión , Receptores Artificiales/químicaRESUMEN
The rapid advancement in intelligent bionics has elevated electronic skin to a pivotal component in bionic robots, enabling swift responses to diverse external stimuli. Combining wearable touch sensors with IoT technology lays the groundwork for achieving the versatile functionality of electronic skin. However, most current touch sensors rely on capacitive layer deformations induced by pressure, leading to changes in capacitance values. Unfortunately, sensors of this kind often face limitations in practical applications due to their uniform sensing capabilities. This study presents a novel approach by incorporating graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) at a low concentration. Surprisingly, this blend of materials with higher dielectric constants yields composite films with lower dielectric constants, contrary to expectations. Unlike traditional capacitive sensors, our non-contact touch sensors exploit electric field interference between the object and the sensor's edge, with enhanced effects from the low dielectric constant GCN/PDMS film. Consequently, we have fabricated touch sensor grids using an array configuration of dispensing printing techniques, facilitating fast response and ultra-low-limit contact detection with finger-to-device distances ranging from 5 to 100 mm. These sensors exhibit excellent resolution in recognizing 3D object shapes and accurately detecting positional motion. Moreover, they enable real-time monitoring of array data with signal transmission over a 4G network. In summary, our proposed approach for fabricating low dielectric constant thin films, as employed in non-contact touch sensors, opens new avenues for advancing electronic skin technology.
We've created 3D recognition sensing arrays using a printed method, enabling remote data transmission. We've identified an intriguing interfacial effect in GCN/PDMS doping, opening new possibilities in smart skin technology.
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The rising prevalence of diabetes has led to an increased focus on real-time glucose monitoring. Wearable glucose sensor patches allow noninvasive, real-time monitoring, reducing patient discomfort compared to invasive sensors. However, most existing glucose sensor patches rely on complex and contaminating metal vapor deposition technologies, which pose limitations in practical production. In this study, we propose a novel approach for preparing graphite/multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using a high-viscosity ink, which can be easily obtained through simple mechanical stirring. To create intricate patterns and enable printing on curved substrates, we employed a 3D printer equipped with an infrared laser ranging system. The ink served as a working electrode, and we developed a three-electrode system patch with a concentric circle structure. Subsequently, the working electrode underwent enzymatic modification with glucose dehydrogenase with flavin adenine dinucleotide (GDH-FAD) using a polymer embedding method. The resulting wearable glucose sensor exhibited a sensitivity of 2.42 µA mM-1 and a linear detection range of 1-12 mM. In addition, the glucose sensor has excellent anti-interference capability and demonstrates good repeatability in simulated real human wear scenarios, which meets the requirements for accurate human detection. These findings provide valuable insights into the development of human health monitoring technologies.
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Grafito , Nanotubos de Carbono , Humanos , Glucemia , Nanotubos de Carbono/química , Automonitorización de la Glucosa Sanguínea , Grafito/química , Electrodos , Glucosa 1-Deshidrogenasa , GlucosaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), formerly known as Churg-Strauss syndrome, is a rare form of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis characterized by asthma, vasculitis, and eosinophilia. CASE SUMMARY: We report an atypical case of EGPA in a 20-year-old female patient. Unlike previously reported cases of EGPA, this patient's initial symptom was asthma associated with a respiratory infection. This was followed by Loeffler endocarditis and cardiac insufficiency. She received treatment with methylprednisolone sodium succinate, low molecular weight heparin, recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide, furosemide, cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium, and acyclovir. Despite prophylactic anticoagulation, she developed a large right ventricular thrombus. EGPA diagnosis was confirmed based on ancillary test results and specialty consultations. Subsequent treatment included mycophenolate mofetil. Her overall condition improved significantly after treatment, as evidenced by decreased peripheral blood eosinophils and cardiac markers. She was discharged after 17 d. Her most recent follow-up showed normal peripheral blood eosinophil levels, restored cardiac function, and a reduced cardiac mural thrombus size. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates the swift progression of EGPA and underscores the significance of early detection and immediate intervention to ensure a favorable prognosis.
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With the continuous increase in human demand to improve aircraft performance, intelligent aircraft technologies have become a popular research field in recent years. Among them, the deformable skin structure has become one of the key technologies to achieve excellent and reliable performance. However, during the service, deformable skin structures may encounter problems such as surface impact and adhesion of droplets in rainy weather or surface icing in low-temperature environments, which can seriously affect the flight safety of the aircraft. One way to overcome these issues is to use superhydrophobic shape memory materials in the structure. In this regard, first, shape memory composites were prepared with shape memory epoxy resin as the matrix and carbon fiber orthogonal woven fabric as the reinforcement material. Superhydrophobic shape memory composites (SSMCs) were then obtained by casting the kirigami composite with superhydrophobic carbon nanotube-polydimethylsiloxane (CNT@PDMS) mixture, and the surface was processed by laser micromachining. Shape memory performance and surface wetting performance were determined by material testing methods. The results showed that the shape memory recovery rate can reach 85.11%, the surface is superhydrophobic, the average water contact angle is 156.9 ± 4.4°, and the average rolling angle is 3 ± 0.5°. The three-point bending test of the specimens with different kirigami cell configurations showed that the shape memory composite based on the rectangular structure has the best deformability with an aspect ratio of 0.4. From the droplet impact test, it was found that the impact speed of water droplets and the curvature of the surface can greatly affect the dynamic performance of water. This work is expected to be of significant research value and importance for developing functional deformable skin materials.
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Introduction: The lack of osteoinductive, angiogenic and antimicrobial properties of hydroxyapatite coatings (HA) on titanium surfaces severely limits their use in orthopedic and dental implants. Therefore, we doped SiO2, Gd2O3 and CeO2 nanoparticles into HA to fabricate a HASiGdCe coating with a combination of decent antibacterial, angiogenic and osteogenic properties by the plasma spraying technique. Methods: The HASiGdCe coating was analyzed by SEM (EDS), surface roughness tests, contact angle tests, XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, tensile tests and electrochemical dynamic polarization tests. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO-1) were used as representative bacteria to verify the antibacterial properties of the HASiGdCe coating. We evaluated the cytocompatibility and in vitro osteoinductivity of the HASiGdCe coating by investigating its effect on the cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. We assessed the in vitro angiogenic activity of the HASiGdCe coating by migration assay, tube formation assay, and RTâPCR analysis of angiogenic genes in HUVECs. Finally, we used infected animal femur models to investigate the biosafety, antimicrobial and osteointegration properties of the HASiGdCe coating in vivo. Results: Through various characterization experiments, we demonstrated that the HASiGdCe coating has suitable microscopic morphology, physical phase characteristics, bonding strength and bioactivity to meet the coating criteria for orthopedic implants. The HASiGdCe coating can release Gd3+ and Ce4+, showing strong antibacterial properties against MRSA and PAO-1. The HASiGdCe coating has been shown to have superior osteogenic and angiogenic properties compared to the HA coating in in vitro cellular experiments. Animal implantation experiments have shown that the HASiGdCe coating also has excellent biosafety, antimicrobial and osteogenic properties in vivo. Conclusion: The HASiGdCe coating confers excellent antibacterial, angiogenic and osteogenic properties on titanium implants, which can effectively enhance implant osseointegration and prevent bacterial infections, and it accordingly has promising applications in the treatment of bone defects related to orthopedic and dental sciences.
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Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina , Nanopartículas , Animales , Osteogénesis , Dióxido de Silicio , Titanio/farmacología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Durapatita/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Titanium-based implants often lead to premature implant failure due to the lack of antimicrobial, osteogenic, and angiogenic properties. To this end, a new strategy was developed to fabricate CaO2@ZIF-67-HA-ADH coating on titanium surfaces by combining calcium peroxide (CaO2) nanoparticles, zeolite imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67), and the chemical coupling hyaluronic acid-adipic acid dihydrazide (HA-ADH). We characterized CaO2@ZIF-67-HA-ADH with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The results demonstrated that CaO2@ZIF-67-HA-ADH was pH-sensitive and decomposed rapidly under acidic conditions, and it released inclusions slowly under neutral conditions. Antibacterial experiments showed that the CaO2@ZIF-67-HA-ADH coating had excellent antibacterial properties and effectively killed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO-1). Cell experiments revealed that the CaO2@ZIF-67-HA-ADH coating promoted pro-osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation and also promoted the migration and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), exhibiting excellent osteogenic and angiogenic properties. In in vivo animal implantation experiments, the CaO2@ZIF-67-HA-ADH coating exhibited strong antimicrobial activity early after implantation and excellent osseointegration later after implantation. In conclusion, the pH-responsive CaO2@ZIF-67-HA-ADH coating conferred excellent antibacterial, osteogenic, and angiogenic properties to titanium implants, which effectively enhanced osseointegration of the implants and prevented bacterial infection; the coating shows promise for use in the treatment of bone defects.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina , Zeolitas , Animales , Humanos , Ácido Hialurónico , Titanio/farmacología , Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana , Concentración de Iones de HidrógenoRESUMEN
Singlet fission (SF) has been explored as a viable route to improve photovoltaic performance by producing more excitons. Efficient SF is achieved through a high degree of interchromophoric coupling that facilitates electron superexchange to generate triplet pairs. However, strongly coupled chromophores often form excimers that can serve as an SF intermediate or a low-energy trap site. The succeeding decoherence process, however, requires an optimum electronic coupling to facilitate the isolation of triplet production from the initially prepared correlated triplet pair. Conformational flexibility and dielectric modulation can provide a means to tune the SF mechanism and efficiency by modulating the interchromophoric electronic interaction. Such a strategy cannot be easily adopted in densely stacked traditional organic solids. Here, we show that the assembly of the SF-active chromophores around well-defined pores of solution-stable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can be a great platform for a modular SF process. A series of three new MOFs, built out from 9,10-bis(ethynylenephenyl)anthracene-derived struts, show a topology-defined packing density and conformational flexibility of the anthracene core to dictate the SF mechanism. Various steady-state and transient spectroscopic data suggest that the initially prepared singlet population can prefer either an excimer-mediated SF or a direct SF (both through a virtual charge-transfer (CT) state). These solution-stable frameworks offer the tunability of the dielectric environment to facilitate the SF process by stabilizing the CT state. Given that MOFs are a great platform for various photophysical and photochemical developments, generating a large population of long-lived triplets can expand their utilities in various photon energy conversion schemes.