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1.
Adv Mater ; : e2313966, 2024 Jun 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38853746

RESUMEN

Solid oxide fuel cells utilized with NH3 (NH3-SOFCs) have great potential to be environmentally friendly devices with high efficiency and energy density. The advancement of this technology is hindered by the sluggish kinetics of chemical or electrochemical processes occurring on anodes/catalysts. Extensive efforts have been devoted to developing efficient and durable anode/catalysts in recent decades. Although modifications to the structure, composition, and morphology of anodes or catalysts are effective, the mechanistic understandings of performance improvements or degradations remain incompletely understood. This review informatively commences by summarizing existing reports on the progress of NH3-SOFCs. It subsequently outlines the influence of factors on the performance of NH3-SOFCs. The degradation mechanisms of the cells/systems are also reviewed. Lastly, the persistent challenges in designing highly efficient electrodes/catalysts for low-temperature NH3-SOFCs, and future perspectives derived from SOFCs are discussed. Notably, durability, thermal cycling stability, and power density are identified as crucial indicators for enhancing low-temperature (550 °C or below) NH3-SOFCs. This review aims to offer an updated overview of how catalysts/electrodes affect electrochemical activity and durability, offering critical insights for improving performance and mechanistic understanding, as well as establishing the scientific foundation for the design of electrodes for NH3-SOFCs.

2.
Chem Commun (Camb) ; 60(52): 6667-6670, 2024 Jun 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38860504

RESUMEN

Herein, a universal nucleic acid analysis platform was constructed for sensitive and accurate detection of miRNA-155 and ctDNA using isothermal amplification-assisted CRISPR/Cas12a and a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN) supported sensing interface. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the prepared sensor achieved specific detection of miRNA-155 and ctDNA at as low as aM levels in 2.6 h. Furthermore, the platform was also successfully applied to human serum sample recovery experiments and cancer cell lysates, demonstrating outstanding reliability and accuracy. We firmly believe that this work provides a universal, sensitive, and practical tool for early clinical diagnosis.


Asunto(s)
Técnicas Biosensibles , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , ADN , Técnicas Electroquímicas , MicroARNs , Humanos , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas/genética , MicroARNs/análisis , MicroARNs/sangre , ADN/química , Técnicas de Amplificación de Ácido Nucleico , ADN Tumoral Circulante/sangre , Nanoestructuras/química , Límite de Detección , Proteínas Bacterianas , Endodesoxirribonucleasas , Proteínas Asociadas a CRISPR
3.
Front Pharmacol ; 15: 1278710, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38939834

RESUMEN

Rare diseases have various types, low incidence rates, complex conditions, and are often difficult to diagnose. Due to China's large population, there is a significant number of rare disease patients, but there is a shortage of orphan drugs. Consequently, these patients often find themselves in a situation where necessary medications are either unavailable or unaffordable. To address this urgent clinical need, China has implemented a series of orphan drug policies aimed at improving drug accessibility and affordability. In terms of drug accessibility, companies are encouraged to expedite drug development through the implementation of tax incentives, guidance for clinical research on rare diseases, and the provision of data protection periods of 6 years, along with market exclusivity periods limited to a maximum of 7 years. Moreover, exemptions for clinical trials, acceptance of overseas clinical trial data, and the creation of a list prioritizing clinically urgent new drugs from overseas have been introduced to expedite the drug registration application, review, inspection, and approval processes. In terms of drug affordability, the import value-added tax on rare disease drugs has been reduced by 3%, and various provinces and cities have established a representative rare disease protection model, which includes special funds, medical assistance programs, and serious disease insurance. The national medical insurance catalog has been adjusted to reduce the financial burden on rare disease patients, resulting in an increase in the number of orphan drugs covered by the catalog to 95 as of March 2024. By comparing orphan drug policies in the United States, the European Union, Japan, Australia, and other countries (or regions), we will provide relevant suggestions to further improve orphan drug policies in China, thus bringing more treatment options and hope to patients with rare diseases.

4.
Talanta ; 278: 126441, 2024 Jun 20.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38924982

RESUMEN

Fast, sensitive, and portable detection of genetic modification contributes to agricultural security and food safety. Here, we developed RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-G-quadruplex colorimetric assays that can combine with intelligent recognition by deep learning algorithms to achieve sensitive, rapid, and portable detection of the CaMV35S promoter. When the crRNA-Cas12a complex recognizes the RPA amplification product, Cas12 cleaves the G-quadruplex, causing the G4-Hemin complex to lose its peroxide mimetic enzyme function and be unable to catalyze the conversion of ABTS2- to ABTS, allowing CaMV35S concentration to be determined based on ABTS absorbance. By utilizing the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-G4 assay, we achieved a CaMV35S limit of detection down to 10 aM and a 0.01 % genetic modification sample in 45 min. Deep learning algorithms are designed for highly accurate classification of color results. Yolov5 objective finding and Resnet classification algorithms have been trained to identify trace (0.01 %) CaMV35S more accurately than naked eye colorimetry. We also coupled deep learning algorithms with a smartphone app to achieve portable and rapid photo identification. Overall, our findings enable low cost ($0.43), high accuracy, and intelligent detection of the CaMV35S promoter.

6.
Natl Sci Rev ; 11(5): nwae150, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38803565

RESUMEN

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a poor-prognostic cancer type with extensive intra- and inter-patient heterogeneity in both genomic variations and tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the patterns and drivers of spatial genomic and microenvironmental heterogeneity of ESCC remain largely unknown. Here, we generated a spatial multi-omic atlas by whole-exome, transcriptome, and methylome sequencing of 507 tumor samples from 103 patients. We identified a novel tumor suppressor PREX2, accounting for 22% of ESCCs with frequent somatic mutations or hyper-methylation, which promoted migration and invasion of ESCC cells in vitro. Analysis of the TME and quantification of subclonal expansion indicated that ESCCs undergo spatially directed evolution, where subclones mostly originated from the tumor center but had a biased clonal expansion to the upper direction of the esophagus. Interestingly, we found upper regions of ESCCs often underwent stronger immunoediting with increased selective fitness, suggesting more stringent immune selection. In addition, distinct TMEs were associated with variable genomic and clinical outcomes. Among them, hot TME was associated with high immune evasion and subclonal heterogeneity. We also found that immunoediting, instead of CD8+ T cell abundance, acts as an independent prognostic factor of ESCCs. Importantly, we found significant heterogeneity in previously considered potential therapeutic targets, as well as BRCAness characteristics in a subset of patients, emphasizing the importance of focusing on heterogeneity in ESCC targeted therapy. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of the spatial evolution of ESCC and inform precision therapeutic strategies.

7.
Adv Mater ; 36(26): e2314054, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38573654

RESUMEN

A cost-effective, scalable ball milling process is employed to synthesize the InGeSiP3 compound with a cubic ZnS structure, aiming to address the sluggish reaction kinetics of Si-based anodes for Lithium-ion batteries. Experimental measurements and first-principles calculations confirm that the synthesized InGeSiP3 exhibits significantly higher electronic conductivity, larger Li-ion diffusivity, and greater tolerance to volume change than its parent phases InGe (or Si)P2 or In (or Ge, or Si)P. These improvements stem from its elevated configurational entropy. Multiple characterizations validate that InGeSiP3 undergoes a reversible Li-storage mechanism that involves intercalation, followed by conversion and alloy reactions, resulting in a reversible capacity of 1733 mA h g-1 with an initial Coulombic efficiency of 90%. Moreover, the InGeSiP3-based electrodes exhibit exceptional cycling stability, retaining an 1121 mA h g-1 capacity with a retention rate of ≈87% after 1500 cycles at 2000 mA g-1 and remarkable high-rate capability, achieving 882 mA h g-1 at 10 000 mA g-1. Inspired by the distinctive characteristic of high entropy, the synthesis is extended to high entropy GaCu (or Zn)InGeSiP5, CuZnInGeSiP5, GaCuZnInGeSiP6, InGeSiP2S (or Se), and InGeSiPSSe. This endeavor overcomes the immiscibility of different metals and non-metals, paving the way for the electrochemical energy storage application of high-entropy silicon-phosphides.

8.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol ; 14: 1281827, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38465235

RESUMEN

With growing concerns about Group B streptococcal (GBS) infections and their adverse effects on perinatal pregnancies, including infection, premature delivery, neonatal septicemia, and meningitis, it is urgent to promote GBS screening at all pregnancy stages. The purpose of this study is to establish a device-independent, fast, sensitive, and visual GBS detection method. Taking advantage of the characteristics of the recombinase polymerase isothermal amplification (RPA), the activity of the nfo nuclease cleavage base analog (tetrahydrofuran, THF) site, and the advantages of visual reading of the lateral flow chromatography strip (LFS), a GBS detection method was developed. This method focused on the conservative region of the Christie-Atkins-Munch-Petersen factor encoded by the cfb gene, a virulence gene specific to GBS. Two forward primers, two biotin-labeled reverse primers, and one fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled and C3spacer-blocked probe were designed. The study involved optimizing the primer pair and probe combination, determining the optimal reaction temperature and time, evaluating specificity, analyzing detection limits, and testing the method on 87 vaginal swabs from perinatal pregnant women. The results showed that the visual detection method of GBS-RPA-LFS, using the cfb-F1/R2/P1 primer probe, could detect GBS within 15 min at the temperature ranging from 39°C to 42°C. Furthermore, the method specifically amplified only GBS, without cross-reacting with pathogens like Lactobacillus iners, Lactobacillus crispatus, Candida albicans, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Trichomonas vaginalis. It could detect a minimum of 100 copies per reaction. In clinical 98 samples of vaginal swabs from pregnant women, the agreement rate between the GBS-RPA-LFS method and TaqMan real-time fluorescence quantification method was 95.92%. In conclusion, this study successfully established a combined RPA and LFS GBS in situ detection platform, with short reaction time, high sensitivity, high specificity, portability, and device independence, providing a feasible strategy for clinical GBS screening.


Asunto(s)
Recombinasas , Infecciones Estreptocócicas , Recién Nacido , Femenino , Embarazo , Humanos , Técnicas de Amplificación de Ácido Nucleico/métodos , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Patología Molecular , Nucleotidiltransferasas , Streptococcus agalactiae/genética , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/diagnóstico
9.
Mol Ther ; 32(4): 920-934, 2024 Apr 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38341611

RESUMEN

CRISPR-Cas9 is the most commonly used genome-editing tool in eukaryotic cells. To modulate Cas9 entry into the nucleus to enable control of genome editing, we constructed a light-controlled CRISPR-Cas9 system to control exposure of the Cas9 protein nuclear localization signal (NLS). Although blue-light irradiation was found to effectively control the entry of Cas9 protein into the nucleus with confocal microscopy observation, effective gene editing occurred in controls with next-generation sequencing analysis. To further clarify this phenomenon, a CRISPR-Cas9 editing system without the NLS and a CRISPR-Cas9 editing system containing a nuclear export signal were also constructed. Interestingly, both Cas9 proteins could achieve effective editing of target sites with significantly reduced off-target effects. Thus, we speculated that other factors might mediate Cas9 entry into the nucleus. However, NLS-free Cas9 was found to produce effective target gene editing even following inhibition of cell mitosis to prevent nuclear import caused by nuclear membrane disassembly. Furthermore, multiple nucleus-localized proteins were found to interact with Cas9, which could mediate the "hitchhiking" of NLS-free Cas9 into the nucleus. These findings will inform future attempts to construct controllable gene-editing systems and provide new insights into the evolution of the nucleus and compatible protein functions.


Asunto(s)
Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Edición Génica , Proteína 9 Asociada a CRISPR/genética , Señales de Localización Nuclear/genética
10.
Intractable Rare Dis Res ; 13(1): 42-50, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38404731

RESUMEN

Interferon-inducible transmembrane (IFITM) are a family of small proteins localized to plasma and endolysosomal membranes. Their functions beyond restricting viral entry and replication have been revealed in recent years. IFITM5 is involved in bone mineralization and is an osteogenic cell surface marker. IFITM1 and 3 interact with desmin and myosin, and are involved in myogenic differentiation. This study found upregulation of Ifitm2 during osteogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells. This positively correlated to the expression of osteogenic differentiation markers Col1a1, Alp, Runx2, and Ocn. Knockdown of Ifitm2 by siRNAs inhibited osteogenic differentiation, calcium deposition, and osteogenic marker expression of C3H10T1/2 cells. The osteoblast transcriptome revealed that knocking down Ifitm2 affected the expression Wnt signaling pathway-related genes, including Wnt family members, their receptors Lrp, Frizzled, and Lgr, and transmembrane molecule Rnf43 that suppresses the Wnt signaling pathway. Luciferase assays indicated enhancement of canonical Wnt signaling pathways by Ifitm2 overexpression. Furthermore, IFITM2 was colocalized in the metaphyseal bone and growth plate of the mouse tibial bone with SP7, a transcription factor essential for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. These findings reveal a possible novel function and potential mechanisms of Ifitm2 in osteogenic differentiation.

11.
FASEB J ; 38(4): e23488, 2024 Feb 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38358359

RESUMEN

Myocardial infarction (MI) is defined as sudden ischemic death of myocardial tissue. Amphiregulin (Areg) regulates cell survival and is crucial for the healing of tissues after damage. However, the functions and mechanisms of Areg after MI remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate Areg's impact on myocardial remodeling. Mice model of MI was constructed and Areg-/- mice were used. Expression of Areg was analyzed using western blotting, RT-qPCR, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence staining. Echocardiographic analysis, Masson's trichrome, and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining were used to assess cardiac function and structure. RNA sequencing was used for unbiased analysis. Apoptosis and autophagy were determined by western blotting, TUNEL staining, electron microscopy, and mRFP-GFP-LC3 lentivirus. Lysosomal acidity was determined by Lysotracker staining. Areg was elevated in the infarct border zone after MI. It was mostly secreted by macrophages. Areg deficiency aggravated adverse ventricular remodeling, as reflected by worsening cardiac function, a lower survival rate, increased scar size, and interstitial fibrosis. RNA sequencing analyses showed that Areg related to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways, V-ATPase and lysosome pathways. Mechanistically, Areg exerts beneficial effects via increasing lysosomal acidity to promote autophagosome clearance, and activating the EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, subsequently inhibiting excessive autophagosome formation and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. This study provides a novel evidence for the role of Areg in inhibiting ventricular remodeling after MI by regulating autophagy and apoptosis and identifies Areg as a potential therapeutic target in ventricular remodeling after MI.


Asunto(s)
Infarto del Miocardio , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas , Animales , Ratones , Anfirregulina/genética , Apoptosis , Autofagia , Receptores ErbB , Mamíferos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR , Remodelación Ventricular
12.
Adv Mater ; 36(18): e2311159, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38251928

RESUMEN

The pursuit of high-performance and long-lasting protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs) is impeded by the lack of efficient and enduring proton conductors. Conventional research approaches, predominantly based on a trial-and-error methodology, have proven to be demanding of resources and time-consuming. Here, this work reports the findings in harnessing high-throughput computational methods to expedite the discovery of optimal electrolytes for PCECs. This work methodically computes the oxygen vacancy formation energy (EV), hydration energy (EH), and the adsorption energies of H2O and CO2 for a set of 932 oxide candidates. Notably, these findings highlight BaSnxCe0.8-xYb0.2O3-δ (BSCYb) as a prospective game-changing contender, displaying superior proton conductivity and chemical resilience when compared to the well-regarded BaZrxCe0.8-xY0.1Yb0.1O3-δ (BZCYYb) series. Experimental validations substantiate the computational predictions; PCECs incorporating BSCYb as the electrolyte achieved extraordinary peak power densities in the fuel cell mode (0.52 and 1.57 W cm-2 at 450 and 600 °C, respectively), a current density of 2.62 A cm-2 at 1.3 V and 600 °C in the electrolysis mode while demonstrating exceptional durability for over 1000-h when exposed to 50% H2O. This research underscores the transformative potential of high-throughput computational techniques in advancing the field of proton-conducting oxides for sustainable power generation and hydrogen production.

13.
Adv Mater ; 36(11): e2312119, 2024 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38088211

RESUMEN

Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) are promising energy conversion devices capable of efficiently transforming CO2 into CO, reducing CO2 emissions, and alleviating the greenhouse effect. However, the development of a suitable cathode material remains a critical challenge. Here a new SOEC cathode is reported for CO2 electrolysis consisting of high-entropy Pr0.8 Sr1.2 (CuFe)0.4 Mo0.2 Mn0.2 Nb0.2 O4-δ (HE-PSCFMMN) layered perovskite uniformly coated with in situ exsolved core-shell structured CuFe alloy@FeOx (CFA@FeO) nanoparticles. Single cells with the HE-PSCFMMN-CFA@FeO cathode exhibit a consistently high current density of 1.95 A cm-2 for CO2 reduction at 1.5 V while maintaining excellent stability for up to 200 h under 0.75 A cm-2 at 800 °C in pure CO2 . In situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm that the exsolution of CFA@FeO nanoparticles introduces additional oxygen vacancies within HE-PSCFMMN substrate, acting as active reaction sites. More importantly, the abundant oxygen vacancies in FeOx shell, in contrast to conventional in situ exsolved nanoparticles, enable the extension of the triple-phase boundary (TPB), thereby enhancing the kinetics of CO2 adsorption, dissociation, and reduction.

14.
Adv Mater ; 36(7): e2309266, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38019100

RESUMEN

Many perovskite oxides (ABO3 ) are considered the most promising alternatives to noble metal catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to their high intrinsic activities. However, their electrocatalytic performance is often limited by poor electrical conductivity and low specific surface area. Here an electrochemically induced calcium-leaching process is reported to greatly increase the electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of La0.6 Ca0.4 MnO3 (LCMO64). The ECSA of the activated, Ca-deficient LCMO64 is ≈33.84% higher than that of the unactivated materials, demonstrating superior electrocatalytic ORR performance to the benchmark commercial Pt/C catalyst in an alkaline solution. Theoretical analysis coupled with electrochemical surface state probing and pH-dependent microkinetic modeling suggests that this catalyst with the identified most favorable state under ORR operating conditions reaches the Sabatier optimum of alkaline ORR. This reconstructed LCMO64 is among the best-performing ORR catalysts ever reported, providing new insights into the design of advanced perovskite materials with optimal surface chemistry.

15.
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol ; 83(3): 234-242, 2024 Mar 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37944130

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT: Colchicine reduces atherothrombotic cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease because of its anti-inflammatory effect. However, the effects of the other anti-inflammatory drugs in coronary artery disease remain unclear. This study included 132 patients aged 18-80 years who completed the planned percutaneous coronary interventions and were treated with aggressive secondary prevention strategies for 4 weeks. The subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of the following treatment groups for 4 weeks: (1) control: no additional intervention; (2) colchicine: 0.5 mg once a day; (3) tranilast: 0.1 g thrice a day; or (4) oridonin: 0.5 g thrice a day. The primary outcome was the percentage change in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels at the end of 4 weeks. In total, 109 patients completed the study. The mean age was 58.33 years, 81 (74.31%) were male, and 28 (25.69%) were female. The percentage changes in hsCRP after 4 weeks of treatment were -11.62%, -48.28%, -21.60%, and -7.81%, in the control, colchicine, tranilast, and the oridonin groups, respectively. Compared with the control group, only the colchicine group showed significantly greater reduction in hsCRP levels ( P = 0.022). In targeted proteomic analysis, proteins associated with neutrophil activation (azurocidin, myeloperoxidase, and myeloblastin), platelet aggregation (glycoprotein VI), and endothelial damage (galectin-3) were reduced with colchicine therapy. These results show that of 3 anti-inflammatory drugs only colchicine could reduce hsCRP in patients after percutaneous coronary interventions.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Diterpenos de Tipo Kaurano , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , ortoaminobenzoatos , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Proyectos Piloto , Proteómica , Antiinflamatorios/efectos adversos , Colchicina/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Resultado del Tratamiento
16.
FASEB J ; 38(1): e23386, 2024 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38112398

RESUMEN

CD4+ T-cell counts are increased and activated in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), whereas regulatory T-cell (Treg) expansion is inhibited, probably due to aberrant T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. TCR signaling is affected by protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22) in autoimmune disorders, but whether PTPN22 influences TCR signaling in CHF remains unclear. This observational case-control study included 45 patients with CHF [18 patients with ischemic heart failure versus 27 patients with nonischemic heart failure (NIHF)] and 16 non-CHF controls. We used flow cytometry to detect PTPN22 expression, tyrosine phosphorylation levels, zeta-chain-associated protein kinase, 70 kDa (ZAP-70) inhibitory residue tyrosine 292 and 319 phosphorylation levels, and CD4+ T cell and Treg proportions. We conducted lentivirus-mediated PTPN22 RNA silencing in isolated CD4+ T cells. PTPN22 expression increased in the CD4+ T cells of patients with CHF compared with that in controls. PTPN22 expression was positively correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and type B natriuretic peptide but negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction in the NIHF group. ZAP-70 tyrosine 292 phosphorylation was decreased, which correlated positively with PTPN22 overexpression in patients with NIHF and promoted early TCR signaling. PTPN22 silencing induced Treg differentiation in CD4+ T cells from patients with CHF, which might account for the reduced frequency of peripheral Tregs in these patients. PTPN22 is a potent immunomodulator in CHF and might play an essential role in the development of CHF by promoting early TCR signaling and impairing Treg differentiation from CD4+ T cells.


Asunto(s)
Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T , Humanos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Volumen Sistólico , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T/metabolismo , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Proteínas Tirosina Fosfatasas , Linfocitos T Reguladores , Tirosina , Proteína Tirosina Fosfatasa no Receptora Tipo 22/genética
17.
Water Res ; 249: 120971, 2024 Feb 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38101042

RESUMEN

The digital transformation of sludge treatment processes requires online sensing of dewaterability. This topic has been attempted for many years based on macroscopic shear rheology. However, the relationship between rheological behavior and dewaterability remains noncommittal, and the reason is unclear. Herein, a binary gel-like structure model was proposed including the interactions network at the supra-flocs level and the gel-like structure at the flocs level. Multiple advanced techniques including optical tweezers were employed to precisely understand the binary gel-like structure and to classify the correlation mechanism between this gel-like structure, rheological behavior, and dewaterability. The analysis of sludge from eight wastewater treatment plants showed the binary gel-like structures at both supra-flocs and flocs levels have significant relationships with sludge dewaterability (p < 0.05). Further deconstruction of the sludge viscoelastic behavior illustrated that the gel-like structure at the supra-flocs level dominates the rheological behavior of sludge. Moreover, the direct description of the binary gel-like structure in four typical sludge treatment processes highlighted the importance of the flocs level's structure in determining the dewaterability. Overall, this study revealed that shear rheology may prefer to stress the interactions network at the supra-flocs level but mask the flocs level's structure, although the latter is important. This observation may provide a general guideline for the design of robust sensors for dewaterability.


Asunto(s)
Aguas del Alcantarillado , Purificación del Agua , Aguas del Alcantarillado/química , Agua/química , Purificación del Agua/métodos , Reología , Eliminación de Residuos Líquidos/métodos
18.
Small ; : e2306919, 2023 Dec 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38063836

RESUMEN

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have emerged as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to their affordability and high level of safety. However, their commercialization is hindered by the low mass loading and irreversible structural changes of the cathode materials during cycling. Here, a disordered phase of a manganese nickel cobalt dioxide cathode material derived from wastewater via a coprecipitation process is reported. When used as the cathode for aqueous ZIBs , the developed electrode delivers 98% capacity retention at a current density of 0.1 A g-1 and 72% capacity retention at 1 A g-1 while maintaining high mass loading (15 mg cm-2 ). The high performance is attributed to the structural stability of the Co and Ni codoped phase; the dopants effectively suppress Jahn-Teller distortion of the manganese dioxide during cycling, as revealed by operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Also, it is found that the Co and Ni co-doped phase effectively inhibits the dissolution of Mn2+ , resulting in enhanced durability without capacity decay at first 20 cycles. Further, it is found that the performance of the electrode is sensitive to the ratio of Ni to Co, providing important insight into rational design of more efficient cathode materials for low-cost, sustainable, rechargeable aqueous ZIBs.

19.
MedComm (2020) ; 4(6): e438, 2023 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38116064

RESUMEN

Since the four working groups of the Chinese Society of Cardiology issued first expert consensus on coronary microvascular diseases (CMVD) in 2017, international consensus documents on CMVD have increased rapidly. Although some of these documents made preliminary recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of CMVD, they did not provide classification of recommendations and levels of evidence. In order to summarize recent progress in the field of CMVD, standardize the methods and procedures of diagnosis and treatment, and identify the scientific questions for future research, the four working groups of the Chinese Society of Cardiology updated the 2017 version of the Chinese expert consensus on CMVD and adopted a series of measures to ensure the quality of this document. The current consensus has raised a new classification of CMVD, summarized new epidemiological findings for different types of CMVD, analyzed key pathological and molecular mechanisms, evaluated classical and novel diagnostic technologies, recommended diagnostic pathways and criteria, and therapeutic strategies and medications, for patients with CMVD. In view of the current progress and knowledge gaps of CMVD, future directions were proposed. It is hoped that this expert consensus will further expedite the research progress of CMVD in both basic and clinical scenarios.

20.
BMC Public Health ; 23(1): 2319, 2023 11 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37996812

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder in the general population, especially among pregnant women, and it is considered a major public health issue. Not only can it cause mental and physical problems in pregnant women, but it may also affect the growth of the fetus. However, there are few reports on the prevalence and influencing factors of insomnia symptoms in third-trimester women in China. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of insomnia symptoms among pregnant women in the third trimester in a moderately developing region of China and to further explore the associated factors of insomnia symptoms from various aspects. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among eligible pregnant women in the third trimester from December 2022 to February 2023. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and behavioral and psychological characteristics of pregnant women were collected through a structured questionnaire. The Chi-square test and multivariate logistics regression were applied to explore the associated factors of insomnia symptoms. RESULTS: A total of 535 pregnant women in the third trimester were included in this study, and the prevalence of insomnia symptoms was 59.8%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that pregnant women who lived together with elders (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.40-0.86), had low perceived stress (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.35-0.97), had no threatened abortion (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.32-0.93) and had good doctor-patient communication (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45-0.98) were more likely to stay away from insomnia symptoms. However, pregnant women with anxiety symptoms (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.28-4.03), fear of childbirth (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.11-2.40) and a high experience of COVID-19 fear (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.03-2.54) tended to have insomnia symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of insomnia symptoms in pregnant women is high in Lianyungang city in eastern China in the third trimester. Insomnia symptoms is influenced by multiple factors. There is an urgent need to develop interventions to reduce the prevalence of insomnia symptoms in the third trimester and to focus on pregnant women with risk factors for insomnia symptoms.


Asunto(s)
Mujeres Embarazadas , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Anciano , Mujeres Embarazadas/psicología , Tercer Trimestre del Embarazo , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Estudios Transversales , Parto , China/epidemiología , Depresión/epidemiología
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