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In Parkinson's disease (PD), exogenous ghrelin protects dopaminergic neurons through its receptor, growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). However, in contrast to the strikingly low levels of ghrelin, GHSR is highly expressed in the substantia nigra (SN). What role does GHSR play in dopaminergic neurons is unknown. In this study, using GHSR knockout mice (Ghsr-/- mice) and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD model, we found that GHSR deletion aggravated dopaminergic neurons degeneration, and the expression and activity of GHSR were significantly reduced in PD. Furthermore, we explored the potential mechanism that GHSR deficiency aggregated PD-related neurodegeneration. We showed that DEPTOR, a subunit of mTORC1, was overexpressed in Ghsr-/- mice, positively regulating autophagy and enhancing autophagy initiation. The expression of lysosomal markers was abnormal, implying lysosomal dysfunction. As a result, the damaged mitochondria could not be effectively eliminated, which ultimately exacerbated the injury of nigral dopaminergic neurons. In particular, we demonstrated that DEPTOR could be transcriptionally regulated by KLF4. Specific knockdown of KLF4 in dopaminergic neurons effectively alleviated neurodegeneration in Ghsr-/- mice. In summary, our results suggested that endogenous GHSR deletion-compromised autophagy by impairing lysosomal function, is a key contributor to PD, which provided ideas for therapeutic approaches involving the manipulation of GHSR.
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The excessive use of nitrofurantoin (NFT) represents a threat to ecosystems and food safety, making it necessary to develop efficient and accurate detection methods. Herein, the Ru/NiFe-LDH-MXene/SPCE electrode was successfully synthesized by one-step electrodeposition and employed to the NFT electrochemical sensing. Combining 2D MXenes with multifunctional 2D layered double hydroxides (LDHs) creates synergistic interactions within the MXene-LDH heterostructures, modifying the electrochemical performance. Furthermore, the incorporation of noble metal nanoparticles and nanoclusters can significantly enhance electrochemical performance by promoting favorable interactions at the metal-carrier interface and optimizing the rearrangement of electronic structure. Based on this, the developed Ru/NiFe-LDH-MXene/SPCE sensor demonstrates remarkable sensitivity (152.44 µA µM-1 cm-2) and an ultralow detection limit (2.2 nM). Notably, the sensor was employed for NFT detection in food samples with satisfactory recoveries, making it a promising electrochemical sensor for the detection of NFT.
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the predominant cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Against this backdrop, finding effective drugs for the pharmacological treatment of CVD has become one of the most urgent and challenging issues in medical research. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the oldest plants and is world-renowned for its dietary and medicinal values. Allicin (diallyl thiosulfinate) is one of the primary natural active ingredients in garlic, which has been proven to have powerful cardioprotective effects and mediate various pathological processes related to CVD, such as inflammatory factor secretion, myocardial cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and more. Therefore, allicin holds a promising application prospect in the treatment of CVD. This review summarized the biological functions of allicin and its potential mechanisms in CVD, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis effects. Reckoning with these, we delved into recent studies on allicin's cardioprotective effects concerning various CVDs, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and cardiotoxicity. Further, considering the tremendous advancement in nanomedicine, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems show promise in addressing limitations of allicin's clinical applications, including improving its solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Through this review, we hope to provide a reference for further research on allicin in cardioprotection and drug development.
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This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of pterostilbene (PTE) supplementation in feed on Arbor Acres broilers in terms of serum biochemical parameters, immune and inflammatory responses, antioxidant status, and intestinal morphological structure. For a duration of 42 days, a total of 480 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into four groups. Each group was assigned to receive either the basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg of PTE. Each treatment consisted of eight replicates, with 15 chicks per replicate. In comparison with the control group, three PTE treatments significantly increased the lymphocyte transformation rate in the spleen of broilers. The automated biochemical analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and RT-qPCR analysis kits found that 400 mg/kg of PTE significantly increased the serum levels of complement C3, IL-4, and iNOS; reduced the serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and mRNA levels of the genes IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, NLRP3, and IFN-γ; significantly improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes including CAT, GSH-Px, and T-SOD in the jejunum; and significantly reduced the MDA contents in the serum and jejunum of broilers. Nikon microscope observations and ImagePro Plus 6.0 measure results found that 400 mg/kg of PTE supplementation significantly reduced the relative length and weight of the jejunum and improved the jejunal villi structure, resulting in increased intestinal villi, deepened crypt, and an enhanced ratio of villi height to crypt depth (VH/CD). RT-qPCR and Western blot found that dietary PTE also resulted in increased mRNA levels of the genes Claudin-2, Occludin, ZO-1, and Sirt1, and decreased NF-κB protein levels in the jejunum. The results of this study demonstrated that dietary PTE improved the immune function and intestinal health of broilers by reducing inflammation and increasing the antioxidant capacity of the animals.
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Morse code recognition plays a very important role in the application of human-machine interaction. In this paper, based on the carbon nanotube (CNT) and polyurethane sponge (PUS) composite material, a flexible tactile CNT/PUS sensor with great piezoresistive characteristic is developed for detecting Morse code precisely. Thirty-six types of Morse code, including 26 letters (A-Z) and 10 numbers (0-9), are applied to the sensor. Each Morse code was repeated 60 times, and 2160 (36 × 60) groups of voltage time-sequential signals were collected to construct the dataset. Then, smoothing and normalization methods are used to preprocess and optimize the raw data. Based on that, the long short-term memory (LSTM) model with excellent feature extraction and self-adaptive ability is constructed to precisely recognize different types of Morse code detected by the sensor. The recognition accuracies of the 10-number Morse code, the 26-letter Morse code, and the whole 36-type Morse code are 99.17%, 95.37%, and 93.98%, respectively. Meanwhile, the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), and Random Forest (RF) models are built to distinguish the 36-type Morse code (letters of A-Z and numbers of 0-9) based on the same dataset and achieve the accuracies of 91.37%, 88.88%, 87.04%, and 90.97%, respectively, which are all lower than the accuracy of 93.98% based on the LSTM model. All the experimental results show that the CNT/PUS sensor can detect the Morse code's tactile feature precisely, and the LSTM model has a very efficient property in recognizing Morse code detected by the CNT/PUS sensor.
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Invasive candidiasis (IC) is a notable healthcare-associated fungal infection, characterized by high morbidity, mortality, and substantial treatment costs. Candida albicans emerges as a principal pathogen in this context. Recent academic advancements have shed light on the critical role of exosomes in key biological processes, such as immune responses and antigen presentation. This burgeoning body of research underscores the potential of exosomes in the realm of medical diagnostics and therapeutics, particularly in relation to fungal infections like IC. The exploration of exosomal functions in the pathophysiology of IC not only enhances our understanding of the disease but also opens new avenues for innovative therapeutic interventions. In this investigation, we focus on exosomes (Exos) secreted by macrophages, both uninfected and those infected with C. albicans. Our objective is to extract and analyze these exosomes, delving into the nuances of their protein compositions and subgroups. To achieve this, we employ an innovative technique known as Proximity Barcoding Assay (PBA). This methodology is pivotal in our quest to identify novel biological targets, which could significantly enhance the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for C. albicans infection. The comparative analysis of exosomal contents from these two distinct cellular states promises to yield insightful data, potentially leading to breakthroughs in understanding and treating this invasive fungal infection. In our study, we analyzed differentially expressed proteins in exosomes from macrophages and C. albicans -infected macrophages, focusing on proteins such as ACE2, CD36, CAV1, LAMP2, CD27, and MPO. We also examined exosome subpopulations, finding a dominant expression of MPO in the most prevalent subgroup, and a distinct expression of CD36 in cluster14. These findings are crucial for understanding the host response to C. albicans and may inform targeted diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Our study leads us to infer that MPO and CD36 proteins may play roles in the immune escape mechanisms of C. albicans. Additionally, the CD36 exosome subpopulations, identified through our analysis, could serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for C. albicans infection. This insight opens new avenues for understanding the infection's pathology and developing targeted treatments.
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Biomarcadores , Antígenos CD36 , Candida albicans , Candidiasis , Exosomas , Macrófagos , Exosomas/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/microbiología , Macrófagos/inmunología , Antígenos CD36/metabolismo , Candidiasis/diagnóstico , Candidiasis/microbiología , Candidiasis/metabolismo , Candidiasis/inmunología , Humanos , Animales , RatonesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: During the Omicron pandemic, clinical first-line nurses played a crucial role in healthcare. Their innovative behavior enhanced the quality of nursing and served as a vital factor in driving the sustainable development of the nursing discipline and healthcare industry. Many previous studies have confirmed the significance of nurses' innovative behavior worldwide. However, the correlations among innovative behaviors, organizational innovation climate, self-transcendence, and their mediating roles in Chinese clinical first-line nurses need further research. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and the quality reporting conformed to the STROBE Checklist. From March 2022 to February 2023, a convenience sample of 1,058 Chinese clinical first-line nurses was recruited from seven tertiary grade-A hospitals of Tianjin city in Northern China. The Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, Nurse Innovative Behavior Scale (NIBS), Nurse Organizational Innovation Climate Scale, and the Self-Transcendence Scale were used. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and process plug-in mediation effect analyses. RESULTS: The total scores of innovative behavior, organizational innovation climate, and self-transcendence were 33.19 ± 6.71, 68.88 ± 12.76, and 41.25 ± 7.83, respectively. Innovative behavior was positively correlated with the organizational innovation climate (r = 0.583, p < 0.01) and self-transcendence (r = 0.635, p < 0.01). Self-transcendence partially mediated mediating role between innovative behavior and organizational innovation climate, accounting for 41.7%. CONCLUSION: The innovative behavior, organizational innovation climate, and self-transcendence among the first-line nurses during the Omicron pandemic were relatively moderate, which needs improving. Organizational innovation climate can directly affect the innovative behavior among Chinese clinical first-line nurses and indirectly through the mediating role of self-transcendence. It is recommended that nursing managers adjust their management strategies and techniques based on the unique characteristics of nurses during the pandemic. This includes fostering a positive and inclusive environment for organizational innovation, nurturing nurses' motivation and awareness for innovation, enhancing their ability to gather information effectively, overcoming negative emotions resulting from the pandemic, and promoting personal growth. These efforts will ultimately enhance nursing quality and satisfaction during the Omicron pandemic.
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COVID-19 , Innovación Organizacional , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , China/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Adulto , Femenino , Masculino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Pandemias , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/psicología , SARS-CoV-2 , Cultura Organizacional , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pueblos del Este de AsiaRESUMEN
Transient receptor potential canonical 5 (TRPC5) is a calcium-permeable non-selective cation channel involved in various pathophysiological processes, including renal injury. Recently, GFB-887, an investigational pyridazinone TRPC5 inhibitor, demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in a Phase II clinical trial for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), a rare and severe form of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In the current study, based on the structure of GFB-887, we conducted extensive structural modification to explore novel TRPC5 inhibitors with desirable drug-like properties and robust nephroprotective efficacy. A series of pyridazinone derivatives featuring a novel tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine scaffold were synthesized and their activities were evaluated in HEK-293 cells stably expressing TRPC5 using a fluorescence-based Ca2+ mobilization assay. Among these compounds, compound 12 is turned out to be a potent TRPC5 inhibitor with apparent affinity comparable to the parent compound GBF-887. Compound 12 is highly selective on TRPC4/5 over TRPC3/6/7 and hERG channels, along with acceptable pharmacokinetic properties and a favorable safety profile. More importantly, in a rat model of hypertension-induced renal injury, oral administration of compound 12 (10 mg/kg, BID) efficaciously reduced mean blood pressure, inhibited proteinuria, and protected podocyte damage. These findings further confirmed the potential of TRPC5 inhibitors on the CKD treatment and provided compound 12 to be a valuable tool for exploring TRPC4/5 pathophysiology.
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Hipertensión , Pirazinas , Canales Catiónicos TRPC , Animales , Humanos , Ratas , Pirazinas/química , Pirazinas/farmacología , Pirazinas/síntesis química , Canales Catiónicos TRPC/antagonistas & inhibidores , Canales Catiónicos TRPC/metabolismo , Células HEK293 , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Masculino , Hipertensión/tratamiento farmacológico , Descubrimiento de Drogas , Estructura Molecular , Piridazinas/farmacología , Piridazinas/química , Piridazinas/síntesis química , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Antihipertensivos/farmacología , Antihipertensivos/química , Antihipertensivos/síntesis química , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Imidazoles/química , Imidazoles/farmacología , Imidazoles/síntesis químicaRESUMEN
Primary liver cancer has consistently exhibited a high prevalence and fatality rate, necessitating the investigation of associated diagnostic markers and inhibition mechanisms to effectively mitigate its impact. The significance of apolipoprotein M (ApoM) in impeding the progression of neoplastic ailments is progressively gaining recognition. However, a comprehensive understanding of its underlying mechanism in liver cancer advancement remains to be elucidated. Recent evidence indicates a potential association between ApoM and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), with the peroxidation of phospholipids (PLs) containing PUFAs being recognized as a crucial element in the occurrence of ferroptosis. This prompts us to investigate the impact of the APOM gene on the progression of liver cancer through the ferroptosis pathway and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. The findings of this study indicate that the liver cancer cell model, which was genetically modified to overexpress the APOM gene, demonstrated a heightened ferroptosis effect. Moreover, the observed inhibition of the GSH (Glutathione) - GPX4 (Glutathione Peroxidase 4) regulatory axis suggests that the role of this axis in inhibiting ferroptosis is weakened. Through intersection screening and validation, we found that Mucin 1,cell surface associated (MUC1) can inhibit ferroptosis and is regulated by the APOM gene. Bioinformatics analysis and screening identified miR-4489 as a mediator between the two. Experimental results using the dual luciferase reporter gene confirmed that has-miR-4489 targets MUC1's 3'-UTR and inhibits its expression. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that the APOM gene induces a down-regulation in the expression of the ferroptosis-inhibiting gene MUC1, mediated by miR-4489, thereby impeding the advancement of liver cancer cells through the facilitation of ferroptosis.
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Apolipoproteínas M , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Ferroptosis , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Neoplasias Hepáticas , MicroARNs , Ferroptosis/genética , Humanos , Apolipoproteínas M/genética , Apolipoproteínas M/metabolismo , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Células Hep G2RESUMEN
Exploring biopolymer-based antibacterial packaging materials is promising to tackle the issues caused by petroleum plastic pollution and microbial contamination. Herein, a novel packaging material with two antibacterial modes, continuous and efficient, is constructed by dispersing positively charged spermidine carbon dots (Spd-CDs) in a carrageenan/polyvinyl alcohol (CP) composite biopolymer. The obtained nanocomposite film (CP/CDs film) not only gradually releases the ultra-small Spd-CDs but also rapidly generates reactive oxygen species to inhibit the reproduction of E. coli and S. aureus. Benefiting from the complementary advantages of carrageenan and polyvinyl alcohol, as well as the addition of Spd-CDs, the CP/CDs films exhibit high transparency, good mechanical performance, water vapor barrier ability, low migration, etc. The CP/CDs film as a packaging material is validated to be effective in preventing microbial contamination of pork samples. Our prepared nanocomposite film with sustainability and efficient antibacterial properties is expected as food active packaging.
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Antibacterianos , Carragenina , Escherichia coli , Embalaje de Alimentos , Nanocompuestos , Alcohol Polivinílico , Espermidina , Staphylococcus aureus , Alcohol Polivinílico/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Nanocompuestos/química , Carragenina/química , Carragenina/farmacología , Embalaje de Alimentos/métodos , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Espermidina/química , Espermidina/farmacología , Carbono/química , Puntos Cuánticos/química , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismoRESUMEN
This paper investigates a tracking control issue for a class of time-varying output constrained nonlinear systems subject to non-affine nonlinear faults and virtual control coefficients. In the controller design process, the nonlinear function is approximated by fuzzy logic systems. Utilizing a feasible function to convert the system, a new transformation strategy is proposed to handle the system with time-varying output constraints or without output constraints. The mean value theorem is applied to split non-affine faults, and the Nussbaum-type function is used to eliminate the effect of the unknown directional affine variable gain of input resulted from non-affine faults. Combined with adaptive fuzzy backstepping technology and the error transformation function, a new control strategy is presented, which not only deals with the time-varying output constraint but also handles non-affine faults, effectively. Finally, all closed-loop system signals are bounded, and the tracking error can converge to a small preset set. Two simulations are performed to confirm the validity of the presented strategy.
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Introduction: Theory of mind (ToM) refers to the ability to understand and attribute mental states to oneself and others. A ToM measure is warranted for preschool children to assess their ToM development from a multidimensional perspective (i.e., cognitive and affective dimensions). This study aimed to develop the Preschool Theory of Mind Assessment (ToMA-P) and to evaluate its construct validity and applicability. Methods: The ToMA-P was developed based on comprehensive literature review and revised with expert panel feedback. Its psychometric properties were evaluated in 205 typically developing preschoolers with Rasch analysis for its dimensionality, item difficulties, and convergent validity. Results: The results indicated that all ToMA-P items, except for one, fit the hypothesized two-dimensional construct. The item difficulties in the cognitive and affective dimensions followed developmental sequences. The ToMA-P scores exhibited good convergent validity, as evidenced by its significant correlations with age, verbal comprehension, adaptive functions, and daily ToM performance (p < 0.05). Children's responses and behaviors also showed that the ToMA-P has good applicability. Discussion: This study provides empirical evidence that the ToMA-P measures cognitive and affective ToM following developmental sequences, and that it has potential as a clinical tool for assessing ToM in preschool children.
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Background: Urachal tumors are rare in clinical practice, among which urachal adenocarcinoma is the most common. In this study, we report a rare case of urachal perivascular epithelioid cell tumor to improve our understanding of the disease. Case presentation: A 26-year-old male patient was hospitalized for lower abdominal pain. The US showed a hypoechoic mass measuring 26mm × 18mm in the superior aspect of the bladder. MRI showed an irregular mass located anterior to the bladder roof, near the midline. The tumor exhibited hypointense on T1WI and heterogeneous hyperintense on T2WI. Additionally, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging revealed obvious ring enhancement of the tumor. The patient underwent surgical resection of the urachal tumor, with subsequent pathological examination revealing a diagnosis of urachal PEComa. Following surgery, the patient underwent regular follow-up assessments, with no evidence of recurrence or metastasis observed after three and a half years. Conclusions: Urachal PEComa is a rare mesenchymal tumor that presents challenges in diagnosis through imaging and clinical symptoms. Definitive diagnosis relies on pathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Due to the rarity of urachal PEComa, prognosis assessment necessitates long-term follow-up and evaluation of more cases.
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This study aims to explore the specific mechanism by which miR-155 regulates SHP2 expression in mouse ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced necroptosis. Various methods including cardiac ultrasound, TTC staining, Masson staining, TUNEL staining, and Western blotting were used to examine changes in the morphology and function of the rat left ventricle, myocardial fibrosis, as well as the expression of proteins related to tissue and cardiomyocyte necroptosis pathways. In vivo results showed that knockdown (KD) of miR-155 significantly improved cardiac ultrasound parameters (EF, FS, LVAW;d, and LVAW;s), reduced the myocardial infarction area, myocardial fibrosis, and cell apoptosis in I/R mice, upregulated cardiac SHP2 protein expression, and other proteins including p-ERK1/2, NLRP3, GSDMD, caspase-3, caspase-4, and caspase-11 were also significantly decreased. In vitro experiments showed that compared with the SHP2 WT miR-155 KD group, SHP2 protein expression was significantly increased in the SHP2 WT miR-155 KD group, while the expression of other proteins was significantly reduced, consistent with in vivo results. MiR-155 can regulate ERK1/2 and NLRP3 through SHP2. After adding the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 to cardiomyocytes from SHP2 KO mice, it was found that the expression of proteins other than SHP2 significantly decreased compared to SHP2 KO cells without the inhibitor. In summary, low expression of miR-155 promoted the expression of SHP2 and improved mouse I/R-induced necroptosis by inhibiting the activation of the ERK1/2 pathway.
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MicroARNs , Infarto del Miocardio , Animales , Ratones , Ratas , Fibrosis , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Infarto del Miocardio/metabolismo , Miocitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/metabolismo , Piroptosis , Reperfusión , Proteína Tirosina Fosfatasa no Receptora Tipo 11/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The study attempted to explore how allicin reduces oxidative stress levels by promoting SHP2 expression to inhibit p-PERK in I/R mice. METHODS: The GEO database and RNA sequencing were used to predict downstream gene. TTC staining was used to visualize the myocardial infarction area. Masson staining was used to assess the level of fibrosis. IF was used to examine the expression of SHP2, CTGF, ROS. RT-PCR analysis was used to quantify the expression of SHP2 mRNA. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of SHP2, p-PERK, MFN1, NLRP3, NOX2, and NOX3. RESULTS: GEO and transcriptomic data revealed low expression of SHP2 in the heart tissues I/R mice. In the I/R mouse model, TTC staining result showed that allicin can reduce the area of myocardial infarction; Masson staining results indicated that allicin can reduce fibrosis; Macrophage transcriptome sequencing found SHP2 is a target gene of allicin; Immunofluorescence showed allicin can increase SHP2; qPCR results showed allicin can raise SHP2 mRNA level; Immunofluorescence indicated that allicin can inhibit ROS in myocardial infarction tissue, but the specific SHP2-KD eliminates changes in ROS. Western blot analysis demonstrated allicin can increase SHP2 protein and reduce the expression of p-PERK, MFN1, NLRP3, NOX2, and NOX3; SHP2-KD eliminates the expression differences in p-PERK, MFN1, NLRP3, NOX2, and NOX3. CONCLUSIONS: Allicin can modulate p-PERK activation by enhancing the expression of SHP2, thereby inhibiting myocardial ischemia-reperfusion-induced oxidative stress in mice.
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Disulfuros , Infarto del Miocardio , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR , Ácidos Sulfínicos , Ratones , Animales , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/genética , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo , Infarto del Miocardio/tratamiento farmacológico , Fibrosis , ARN Mensajero/metabolismoRESUMEN
This study aimed to construct an imaging genomics nomogram based on intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) to predict the status of the alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) gene in patients with brain gliomas. We retrospectively analyzed routine MR and IVIM-DWI data from 85 patients with pathologically confirmed brain gliomas from January 2017 to May 2023. The data were divided into a training set (N=61) and a test set (N=24) in a 7:3 ratio. Regions of interest (ROIs) of brain gliomas, including the solid tumor region (rCET), edema region (rE), and necrotic region (rNec), were delineated using 3D-Slicer software and projected onto the D, D*, and f sequences. A total of 1037 features were extracted from each ROI, resulting in 3111 features per patient. Age was incorporated in the calculation of the Radscore, and a clinical-imaging genomics combined model was constructed, from which a nomogram graph was generated. Separate models were built for the D, D*, and f parameters. The AUC value of the D parameter model was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.93-1.00) in the training set and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.79-1.00) in the validation set, which was significantly higher than that of the D* parameter model (0.90, 0.82) and the f parameter model (0.89, 0.91). The imaging genomics nomogram based on IVIM-DWI can effectively predict the ATRX gene status of patients with brain gliomas, with the D parameter showing the highest efficacy.
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Neoplasias Encefálicas , Imagen de Difusión por Resonancia Magnética , Glioma , Mutación , Nomogramas , Proteína Nuclear Ligada al Cromosoma X , Humanos , Glioma/genética , Glioma/diagnóstico por imagen , Glioma/patología , Imagen de Difusión por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Proteína Nuclear Ligada al Cromosoma X/genética , Proteína Nuclear Ligada al Cromosoma X/metabolismo , Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto Joven , Adolescente , AncianoRESUMEN
Flexible pressure sensors play a crucial role in detecting human motion and facilitating human-computer interaction. In this paper, a type of flexible pressure sensor unit with high sensitivity (2.242 kPa-1), fast response time (80 ms), and remarkable stability (1000 cycles) is proposed and fabricated by the multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/cotton fabric (CF) material based on a dip-coating method. Six flexible pressure sensor units are integrated into a flexible wristband and made into a wearable and portable wrist sensor with favorable stability. Then, seven wrist gestures (Gesture Group #1), five letter gestures (Gesture Group #2), and eight sign language gestures (Gesture Group #3) are performed by wearing the wrist sensor, and the corresponding time sequence signals of the three gesture groups (#1, #2, and #3) from the wrist sensor are collected, respectively. To efficiently recognize different gestures from the three groups detected by the wrist sensor, a fusion network model combined with a convolutional neural network (CNN) and the bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) neural network, named CNN-BiLSTM, which has strong robustness and generalization ability, is constructed. The three types of Gesture Groups were recognized based on the CNN-BiLSTM model with accuracies of 99.40%, 95.00%, and 98.44%. Twenty gestures (merged by Group #1, #2, and #3) were recognized with an accuracy of 96.88% to validate the applicability of the wrist sensor based on this model for gesture recognition. The experimental results denote that the CNN-BiLSTM model has very efficient performance in recognizing different gestures collected from the flexible wrist sensor.
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Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) increase in number and gain immunosuppressive functions in tumours and many other pathological conditions. MDSCs are characterized by their strong T-cell immunosuppressive capacity. The effects that MDSCs may have on B cells, especially within the tumour microenvironment, are less well understood. Here, we report that either monocytic MDSCs or polymorphonuclear MDSCs can promote increases in interleukin (IL)-10-expressing CD19hiFcγRIIbhi regulatory B cells in vitro and in vivo. Splenic transitional-1, -2, and -3 cells and marginal zone B cells, but not follicular B cells, differentiate into IL-10-expressing CD19hiFcγRIIbhi regulatory B cells. The adoptive transfer of CD19hiFcγRIIbhi regulatory B cells via tail vein injection can promote subcutaneous 3LL tumour growth in mice. The expression of programmed death-ligand 1 on MDSCs was found to be strongly associated with CD19hiFcγRIIbhi regulatory B cell population expansion. Furthermore, the frequency of circulating CD19+FcγRIIhi regulatory B cells was significantly increased in advanced-stage lung cancer patients. Our results unveil a critical role of MDSCs in regulatory B-cell differentiation and population expansion in lung cancer patients.
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Linfocitos B Reguladores , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Células Supresoras de Origen Mieloide , Ratones , Humanos , Animales , Linfocitos B Reguladores/metabolismo , Células Supresoras de Origen Mieloide/metabolismo , Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Microambiente TumoralRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Numerous previous research have established the need for spiritual care among patients with cancer globally. Nevertheless, there was limited research, primarily qualitative, on the spiritual care needs of Chinese inpatients with advanced breast cancer. Furthermore, the need for spiritual care was rarely explored using the Kano model. To better understand the spiritual care needs and attributes characteristics of inpatients with advanced breast cancer, this study examined the Kano model. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional design study was conducted in the oncology departments of three tertiary grade-A hospitals in China from October 2022 to May 2023. To guarantee high-quality reporting of the study, the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Checklist was used. Data on the demographic characteristics questionnaire, the Nurse Spiritual Therapeutics Scale (NSTS), and the Kano model-based Nurse Spiritual Therapeutics Attributes Scale (K-NSTAs) were collected through convenience sampling. The Kano model, descriptive statistics, two independent samples t-tests, and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The overall score for spiritual care needs was 31.16 ± 7.85. The two dimensions with the highest average scores, "create a good atmosphere" (3.16 ± 0.95), and the lowest average scores, "help religious practice" (1.72 ± 0.73). The 12 items were distributed as follows: three attractive attributes were located in Reserving Area IV; five one-dimensional attributes were distributed as follows: three one-dimensional attributes were located in Predominance Area I, and two were found in Improving Area II; two must-be attributes were located in Improving Area II; and two indifference attributes were located in Secondary Improving Area III. CONCLUSION: The Chinese inpatients with advanced breast cancer had a middle level of spiritual care needs, which need to be further improved. Spiritual care needs attributes were defined, sorted, categorized, and optimized accurately and perfectly by the Kano model. And "create a good atmosphere" and "share self-perception" were primarily one-dimensional and must-be attributes. In contrast, the items in the dimensions of "share self-perception" and "help thinking" were principally attractive attributes. Nursing administrators are advised to optimize attractive attributes and transform indifference attributes by consolidating must-be and one-dimensional attributes, which will enable them to take targeted spiritual care measures based on each patient's characteristics and unique personality traits.