Asunto(s)
Laparoscopía , Prolapso Uterino , Femenino , Humanos , Prolapso Uterino/cirugía , Útero , VulvaAsunto(s)
Láseres de Estado Sólido , Prolapso de Órgano Pélvico , Erbio , Femenino , Humanos , Menopausia , VaginaRESUMEN
Tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) has been widely used as plasticizers, plastic softeners, and flame retardants in industry and reported to have delayed neurotoxicity and reproductive toxicology in animals. However, it remains to be elusive whether TOCP induces liver injury. In this study, male mice were orally administered different concentrations of TOCP (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day) for 28 days. Histological examination showed that TOCP led to serious hepatocellular injury. In addition, administration of TOCP induced a marked elevation in the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in mice. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased significantly in the liver after the mice were treated with TOCP; while there was a dramatic decrease in the content of glutathione (GSH) and the activities of antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX). TOCP inhibited viability of mouse liver cancer Hepa 1-6 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, TOCP significantly increased MDA content and inhibited GSH content and the activities of SOD and GSH-PX in the cells, respectively. Oxidative stress dramatically inhibited viability of Hepa 1-6 cells; while inhibition of oxidative stress by N-acetyl-l-cysteine could rescue the cell viability inhibited by TOCP to a certain extent. In summary, oxidative stress might be involved in TOCP-induced hepatocellular injury in male mice.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Plastificantes/toxicidad , Tritolilfosfatos/toxicidad , Acetilcisteína/farmacología , Animales , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/etiología , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/patología , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Función Hepática , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To compare the anatomical difference using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound between the urethra at rest and during straining, in women who have undergone a tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) or TVT-obturator tape (TVT-O) procedure for stress urinary incontinence (SUI). METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively 48 women with SUI who had undergone either a TVT (n = 24) or a TVT-O (n = 24) procedure. All women underwent urinalysis, pelvic examination, pad test, 3D perineal ultrasonography and personal interview about urinary symptoms within 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: After both TVT and TVT-O procedures, the area and longest and shortest diameters of the hypoechoic core of the mid-urethra were significantly smaller during straining than during resting (P < 0.01). The distance between tape and urethra was similarly smaller during straining in both groups. Analysis of ultrasound measurements in women reporting success (n = 40) and those reporting failure (n = 8) of the procedure showed the area and longest and shortest diameters of the hypoechoic core of the mid-urethra to be significantly smaller during straining than during resting in both groups (P < 0.01). However, the shortest diameter of the proximal and distal urethra during straining were significantly smaller only in the successful group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: There are differences in urethral morphology during straining compared with during resting in women with TVT and those with TVT-O, regardless of tape procedure. A urethral compression effect of slings may have an important role in the continence mechanism.
Asunto(s)
Cabestrillo Suburetral , Uretra/diagnóstico por imagen , Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ultrasonografía , Uretra/fisiopatología , Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo/fisiopatología , Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo/cirugía , UrodinámicaAsunto(s)
Cistocele/diagnóstico por imagen , Leiomioma/diagnóstico por imagen , Perineo/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Vaginales/diagnóstico por imagen , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Leiomioma/patología , Leiomioma/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ultrasonografía , Neoplasias Vaginales/patología , Neoplasias Vaginales/cirugíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to test whether the COMT, CYP1A1 and CYP17 genes influence the risk of developing adenomyosis and endometriosis. METHODS: We conducted two case-control studies, where the cases (n = 198) had either of the two diseases, and controls (n = 312) were disease-free women. For the COMT gene, we selected the G/A nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that leads to valine-to-methionine (Val/Met) substitution. For the CYP1A1 gene, we used a functional T/C SNP in the 3'-noncoding region, and we genotyped a T/C functional SNP in the 5' region of the CYP17 gene for the present study. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was checked in both cases and controls. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the genetic effect, with adjustment for other covariates. RESULTS: We found that the homozygous COMT genotype that encodes low enzyme activity had an increased risk for adenomyosis with an age-adjusted odds ratio of 3.2 (95% confidence interval 1.3-7.8; P = 0.006). The COMT gene, however, was not associated with endometriosis. Neither the CYP1A1 nor CYP17 genes had any significant association with either of the two diseases. CONCLUSION: The COMT gene significantly influences the risk of adenomyosis but not endometriosis. The present study does not provide evidence to support any of the three genes exerting pleiotropic effects on both diseases.
Asunto(s)
Catecol O-Metiltransferasa/genética , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/genética , Endometriosis/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Esteroide 17-alfa-Hidroxilasa/genética , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Índice de Masa Corporal , Endometriosis/patología , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , TaiwánRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether total hysterectomy is associated with increased postoperative vesicourethral abnormalities. SAMPLE: Forty-five patients had a laparoscopic hysterectomy and 36 patients had a total abdominal hysterectomy. DESIGN: Before and after hysterectomy, patients underwent a urinalysis, a personal interview, and an urodynamic study. RESULTS: Of the laparoscopic hysterectomy group, 27 patients (60%) exhibited urinary symptoms preoperatively, and 22 patients (48.9%) remained symptomatic following surgery. There was no significant change in the number of women with one or more urinary symptoms, but the incidence of urinary frequency and stress incontinence decreased significantly following hysterectomy (p < 0.05). Of the total abdominal hysterectomy group, preoperative voiding symptoms were present in 22 patients (61.1%). After surgery, urinary symptoms were present in 19 patients (52.8%). Some patients did not complain of any urinary frequency or stress incontinence following hysterectomy, but this figure did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). Maximal urethral closure pressure and maximal cystometric capacity demonstrated significant increases for both groups following surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that total hysterectomy, either laparoscopic or total abdominal hysterectomy, did not significantly increase the subjective and objective incidence of vesicourethral dysfunction. On the contrary, some patients experience a substantial improvement of pre-existing urinary frequency or stress incontinence, partly as a result of an increase in the maximal urethral closure pressure and total bladder capacity following hysterectomy.
Asunto(s)
Histerectomía/métodos , Micción , Femenino , Humanos , Periodo Posoperatorio , Uretra/fisiopatología , Vejiga Urinaria/fisiopatología , Incontinencia Urinaria/fisiopatología , UrodinámicaRESUMEN
The aim of our study is to determine whether laparoscopic hysterectomy is associated with increased postoperative urinary symptoms and to assess the change in urodynamic parameters after operation. Forty-five women were arranged for laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH). Each patient received urinalysis, interview, and urodynamic study including uroflowmetry, filling and voiding cystometry and urethral pressure profilometry before and after hysterectomy. A total of 27 patients (60%) had urinary symptoms preoperatively. After operation, only 22 patients (48.9%) remained symptomatic. There was no significant change in the number of women with one or more voiding symptoms before and after surgery, but the incidence of urinary frequency and stress incontinence decreased significantly after laparoscopic hysterectomy (P < 0.05). In addition, maximal urethral closure pressure and maximal cystometric capacity showed significant increases after operation. They were 73.1 cm H2O (range: 49-114) vs 104.4 cm H2O (range: 60-147) (P < 0.001), and 363.3 ml (range: 287-423) vs 396.1 ml (range: 265-515) (P < 0.001), respectively. The result indicated that laparoscopic hysterectomy did not significantly increase the subjective or objective incidence of vesicourethral dysfunction. On the contrary, some patients might be cured of urinary frequency or stress incontinence postoperatively.
Asunto(s)
Histerectomía/efectos adversos , Uretra/fisiología , Vejiga Urinaria/fisiología , Enfermedades Urológicas/etiología , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Laparoscopía , Persona de Mediana Edad , UrodinámicaRESUMEN
Elevated tumor markers for a post-menopausal woman presenting with a multilocular adnexal mass, ascites, and pleural effusion were interpreted as being highly suspicious of malignancy. This paper describes two cases of ovarian tumors presenting with all signs of malignancy. Following surgical excision of the masses, and histopathological assay, a benign pure struma ovarii and a mucinous cystadenoma were diagnosed by pathologists. The immediate and complete resolution of symptoms were achieved post-operatively, and the previously-evident abnormal tumor markers rapidly declined to the normal range, the two tumors were subsequently classified as pseudo-Meigs' syndromes.