First report of prevalence and assemblage analysis of Giardia duodenalis in pigs from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China.

Giardia duodenalis is a common intestinal protozoan that can cause diarrhea and intestinal disease in animals and in humans. However, the prevalence and assemblages of G. duodenalis in pigs from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region have not been reported. In this study, a total of 724 fecal samples (201 from nursery pigs, 183 from piglets, 175 from breeding pigs, and 165 from fattening pigs) were obtained in four areas of the region (Nanning, Yulin, Hezhou, and Guigang). The gene of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) of G. duodenalis was amplified by nested PCR. The results show that the prevalence of G. duodenalis in pigs was 3.59% (26/724), of which 14 samples belonged to assemblage A (53.85%) and 12 samples belonged to assemblage E (46.15%). The infection rates of G. duodenalis in Hezhou, Yulin, Nanning, and Guigang were 0%, 0.7%, 10.8% and 1.1%, respectively (χ2 = 45.616, p < 0.01); whereas 5.1% of breeding pigs, 6.0% of piglets, 2.4% of fattening pigs, and 1.0% of nursery pigs were infected with G. duodenalis (χ2 = 8.874, p < 0.05). The SSU rRNA-positive samples were amplified by PCR based on the ß-giardin (bg), glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), and triphosphate isomerase (tpi) genes. Ten, eight and seven positive samples were detected, respectively. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the three genetic loci sequences, a multilocus genotyping A1 was found. The findings of this study provide basic data for the development of prevention and control of G. duodenalis infections in pigs and humans in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

Title: Premier rapport sur la prévalence et l'analyse des assemblages de Giardia duodenalis chez les porcs de la région autonome Zhuang du Guangxi, dans le sud de la Chine. Abstract: Giardia duodenalis est un protozoaire intestinal commun qui peut provoquer des diarrhées et des maladies intestinales chez les animaux et les humains. Cependant, la prévalence et les assemblages de G. duodenalis chez les porcs de la région autonome Zhuang du Guangxi n'ont pas été rapportés. Dans cette étude, un total de 724 échantillons fécaux (201 provenant de jeunes porcelets, 183 de porcelets, 175 de porcs reproducteurs et 165 de porcs à l'engrais) ont été obtenus dans quatre zones de la région (Nanning, Yulin, Hezhou et Guigang). Le gène de la petite sous-unité de l'ARN ribosomal (ARNr SSU) de G. duodenalis a été amplifié par PCR nichée. Les résultats ont montré que la prévalence de G. duodenalis chez les porcs était de 3,59 % (26/724), dont 14 échantillons appartenaient à l'assemblages A (53,85 %) et 12 échantillons à l'assemblage E (46,15 %). Les taux d'infection par G. duodenalis à Hezhou, Yulin, Nanning et Guigang étaient respectivement de 0, 0,7 %, 10,8 % et 1,1 % (χ2 = 45,616, p < 0,01), alors que 5,1 % des porcs reproducteurs, 6,0 % des porcelets, 2,4 % de porcs à l'engrais et 1,0 % des jeunes porcelets étaient infectés par G. duodenalis (χ2 = 8,874, p < 0,05). Les échantillons positifs pour l'ARNr SSU ont été amplifiés par PCR basée sur les gènes de la ß-giardine (bg), de la glutamate déshydrogénase (gdh) et de la triphosphate isomérase (tpi), et dix, huit et sept échantillons positifs ont été détectés, respectivement. Sur la base de l'analyse phylogénétique des trois séquences de loci génétiques, un génotypage multilocus A1 a été trouvé. Les résultats de cette étude fournissent des données de base pour le développement de la prévention et du contrôle des infections à G. duodenalis chez les porcs et les humains dans la région autonome Zhuang du Guangxi.

Anesthesia with ciprofol in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Ciprofol is a novel agent for intravenous general anesthesia. In February 2022, it was approved by the National Medical Products Administration for general anesthesia induction and maintenance. It has the advantages of fast onset, fast elimination, stable circulation, and few adverse reactions. However, the efficacy and safety of ciprofol in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass have not been reported. Here we describe a case where ciprofol was successfully used for anesthesia in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. CASE SUMMARY: A 72-year-old man (height 176 cm; weight 70 kg) was diagnosed with coronary atherosclerotic cardiomyopathy requiring coronary artery bypass grafting and left ventricular aneurysmectomy. Ciprofol was administered for induction (0.4 mg/kg) and maintenance (0.6-1.0 mg/kg/h) of general anesthesia. During the entire operation, the bispectral index, hemodynamics, and blood oxygen saturation were maintained at normal levels. The patient recovered well after surgery, with no serious adverse events related to ciprofol. CONCLUSION: Ciprofol is safe and effective for anesthesia in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

[A prevalence investigation of blindness and vision impairment in 2009 in older adults of Dachang Blocks of Baoshan District, Shanghai, China].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of blindness and low vision and the leading causes of blindness in residents aged≥60 years in Dachang Blocks of Baoshan District, Shanghai, China. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out by Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention & Treatment Center and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Baoshan District of Shanghai from October to December in 2009. Randomly cluster sampling was used to identify the adults aged≥60 years who had lived in Dachang Blocks of Baoshan District, Shanghai for more than 10 years. Presenting visual acuity (PVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) based on autorefraction and subjective refraction were measured separately in each eye. External eye, anterior segment and ocular fundus were examined by the ophthalmologist using slit lamp-microscopes direct ophthalmoscopy and non-mydriatic digital camera. And the leading causes of visual impairment were assured. The Chi square test was used between the groups of rate comparison. RESULTS: Of 5199 enumerated subjects≥60 years of age, 87.42% (4545/5199) were examined. All subjects were urban population who were originally changed from the rural population in nearly 10 years. In this population, with best-corrected visual acuity, 30 persons were diagnosed as blindness, 145 persons were diagnosed as low vision. The prevalence of blindness and low vision were 0.67%, 3.19%, respectively. Low vision was associated with female gender. It was statistically significant difference (χ2=4.88, P<0.05). The leading causes of blindness were cataract, macular degeneration, ocular absence or atrophy, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy or corneal diseases. With presenting visual acuity, 39 persons were diagnosed as blindness, 401 persons were diagnosed as low vision. The prevalence of blindness and low vision were 0.86%, 8.82%, respectively. Blindness and low vision were associated with older age. The prevalence of blindness and low vision increased rapidly in aged 75 years or older people. The leading causes of blindness were cataract, uncorrected refractive error, macular degeneration, ocular absence or atrophy, glaucoma. Low vision was associated with female gender. It had statistically significant difference (χ2=13.345, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In rapidly urbanized and aging community of Shanghai, cataract, uncorrected refractive error, macular degeneration were the leading causes of blindness with presenting visual acuity. The prevalence of low vision in females was higher than that of males which had statistically significant difference. These kinds of residents needed more targeted eye health education and services.

[Observation on therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture on obesity induced by antipsychotics].

OBJECTIVE: To find out an effective therapy for obesity induced by antipsychotic agents. METHODS: One hundred and one cases of obesity who were being treated with antipsychotic agents were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group. The observation group were treated with electroacupuncture at Quchi (LI 11), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40), Shangjuxu (ST 37) and Xiajuxu (ST 39), once a day for 8 weeks; and no treatment was given to the control group. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used for assessment of therapeutic effect and the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) for adverse effects. RESULTS: The clinically effective rate of the observation group (54.9%) was superior to the control group (10.0%) with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The BPRS score-reducing rate was 24.92% and 28.62% in the both groups respectively, and with no adverse effects. CONCLUSION: Electroacupuncture has a good therapeutic effect on obesity induced by antipsychotic agents, and it improves the patient's compliance with no adverse effect.