RESUMEN
Key Clinical Message: When treating a painless or asymptomatic mass in the submental or floor of the mouth, sublingual epidermoid cyst should be considered. Despite its irregularity, preventing malignant transformation is essential for a successful outcome. Abstract: Dermoid and epidermoid cysts are rarely found in the head and neck region. They account for less than 0.01% of all oral cavity cysts. This is a rare case of a sublingual epidermoid cyst of the oral cavity in a 25-year-old male. The patient presented with a painless sublingual swelling for a duration of 1 month. The clinical examination revealed a non-tender swelling in the sublingual region extending to the submental triangle. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a 6.2 × 7.7 × 3.2 cm cystic lesion in the sublingual space. Fine needle aspiration cytology confirmed dermoid cyst contents. Intra-oral surgical excision under general anesthesia was performed successfully. Histopathological analysis revealed that the cyst wall was lined by stratified squamous epithelium. The presence of a prominent granular layer and keratin flakes confirmed the diagnosis of an epidermoid cyst. Postoperative recovery was good, and no recurrence was observed during follow-up. This case emphasizes the infrequent and unusual presentation of a case of a giant plunging sublingual epidermoid cyst and promotes awareness and potential studies in the enhancement of patient care in this area.
RESUMEN
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by intense skin photosensitivity that is often associated with corneal ulceration, erythema, malignant lesions in sun-exposed areas, and neurological damage in severe cases. XP is due to alterations in the nucleotide excision repair system which could eliminate DNA fragments damaged by ultraviolet radiation. We report a case of a 14-year-old admitted for photophobia and a conjunctival mass. He underwent laboratory tests, including a complete blood count (CBC), which was unremarkable, and serological tests such as rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test were negative. A consultation in Ophthalmology was requested, concluding in bilateral corneal dystrophy. A few months later he developed two masses, one on the distal border of the tongue and the other at the level of the parotid region. He underwent two excisional biopsies; the parotid mass revealed an ulcerated squamous cell carcinoma on a background of xeroderma pigmentosum, and the tongue tip mass revealed a well-differentiated infiltrating verrucous carcinoma with a smooth margin. Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare genodermatosis affecting the skin, eyes and oral cavity. It is sometimes associated with cancers of internal organs and rarely of the tongue. This study reports a case of XP associated with verrucous carcinoma of the tongue and ocular complications. Currently, there is no curative treatment for XP, and the only treatments available are symptomatic and preventive.