[Organochlorine compounds: blood levels in mothers, newborns, and infants, in maternal milk and formula. Study in the province of Huelva]. / Compuestos organoclorados: niveles sanguíneos en madres, recién nacidos y lactantes, en leche materna y de fórmula. Estudio en la provincia de Huelva.

We have studied the presence of organochlorine compounds (OCC), DDT, HCB, HCH and isomers alpha, beta and gamma or lindane, hepta-chloro-epoxide (HE) and polychlorobiphenyl compounds (PCB), in 50 mothers and their newborn babies. The samples studied included the umbilical cord blood, blood from the mothers during the delivery, blood from the baby at one and three months of age, and the milk fed to the babies at these periods (breast n = 30; bottle n = 20). The objectives of the study were: 1) To detect the levels of OCC in the different samples. 2) To discover the difference in levels between breast and bottle fed babies. 3) To quantify the variations of the levels in the different samples. 4) To check whether the acceptable daily intake (ADI) established for these OCC is exceeded among these babies. The analyses were done in the National Institute of Toxicology in Seville, by using the following methods, gas chromatography, electron capture detector and mass spectrometry. The statistical analysis was based on the Kruskal-Wallis, Shapiro-Wilks, Levene, Pooled and Separate tests. We have found significant levels of OCC in the samples analyzed. The PCBs are the compounds in our study which have the highest levels, indeed being one of the highest levels documented to date. We verify the decline in OCC of agricultural origin in relation to previous reports in our country, as has also been reflected in the international literature in recent years. The levels of OCC in breast fed babies are significantly higher than those in bottle fed babies.

[Organochlorine compounds: correlation between maternal and infantile blood levels, maternal milk and maternal-infantile parameters. Study in the province of Huelva]. / Compuestos organoclorados: relación de niveles sanguíneos en madres y recién nacidos y en leche materna con parámetros maternos y de lactantes. Estudio en la provincia de Huelva.

In our study of the levels of organochlorine compounds (OCC), several factors were taken into account. In the mother, age, diet, place of residency, profession, the number of previous breast-fed children and alcohol and tobacco intake. We then studied the effect of the OCC passed through the placenta. Here, we checked the length of gestation, the birth weight, the cephalic perimeter measurement, the possible neurological alterations such as hypotonie and hyporreflexie and the possible clinical repercussions of the OCC. The OCC studied were, DDT, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCH) and isomers alpha, beta and gamma or lindane, dieldrin, heptachloro epoxide (HE) and polychlorobiphenyl compounds (PCB). The samples studies included, blood for the mother and umbilical cord during the delivery, blood from the babies at the ages of one and three months, and the mother's milk (n = 30) and formula milk (n = 20) one and three months after birth. The analytical study was made at the National Institute o Toxicology in Seville with the following methods, gas chromatography, electron capture detector and mass spectrometry. The statistical analysis was based on the Kruskal-Wallis, Shapiro Wilks, Levene, Pooled and Separate tests. We have found that older mothers and those who consumed more fatty meat and blue fish had statistically significant higher levels of OCC. There were also differences depending on the place of residency. The newborn babies with a greater birth-weight and cephalic perimeter measurements also had higher levels of OCC. In these babies, we also found clinical symptoms such as hypotonie and hyporreflexie.