COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF BACTERIAL PERMEABILITY OF A PERSONAL PROTECTIVE RESPIRATORY EQUIPMENT AT DIFFERENT DURATIONS OF ITS CONTINUOUS OPERATION.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To establish the level of antibacterial protection of the studied personal protective respiratory equipment set and its main components and compare antibacterial resistance of the personal protective respiratory equipment set in the presence and absence of filtering components. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The proposed methodology for assessing biological protection parameters is based on testing the permeability of personal respiratory protection equipment for bacteria by the method of serial dilutions. Also additional culturing of separate components of the protective set on a separate media is carried out. The experiment was also repeated in the absence of filtering elements and when they were replaced by gauze masks. RESULTS: Results: The use of a fully equipped pneumatic helmet counteracted the penetration of the bacterial aerosol, which was manifested in the absence of growth on the media. The results obtained with the full configuration, as well as the indicators of the spread of bacteria when removing the filter elements and replacing them with gauze masks, showed that the device creates sufficient positive air pressure inside. The latter becomes a restraining factor that does not allow microorganisms to penetrate through the lower circuit. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Increasing the duration of continuous operation of the conceptual model up to 24 hours, increasing the bacterial load on the filters do not lead to a deterioration in the properties of antibacterial protection. Bacterial aerosol did not penetrate into the inner space of pneumatic helmet.

EFFECT OF DRY EXTRACT FROM REISHI MUSHROOMS ON THE STATE OF ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM IN RATS WITH DMH-INDUCED COLON CARCINOGENESIS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To study pro- and antioxidant systems indicators in rats with chemically induced colon carcinogenesis on the background of the reishi mushrooms dry extract use. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study was performed on 120 white male rats. Chronic oncogenic intoxication was modeled by administering 1,2-dimethyl¬hydrazine (DMH) hydrochloride for 30 weeks (1 time per week). A dry extract from the reishi mushrooms was administered intragastrically daily at a dose of 100 mg/kg of the animal's body weight. Blood and liver samples were taken for research monthly. The state of the pro- and antioxidant systems was studied by the content of oxidative modification of proteins products, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, contents of reduced glutathione and ceruloplasmin. RESULTS: Results: An increase in the activity of free radical oxidation processes after DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats is evidenced by a decrease in the super-oxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, content of reduced glutathione, an increase in the content of ceruloplasmin and products of oxidative modification of proteins in the blood serum and liver of animals. The effectiveness of the dry extract of reishi mushrooms and its positive effect on the state of pro- and antioxidant systems was experimentally proved. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The use of the dry extract of reishi mushrooms under conditions of DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats led to normalization of the anti¬oxidant protection system state and the reduction of oxidative stress.

Use of Micrococcus luteus to assess the quality of protection of respiratory organs using the pneumatic helmet with positive airflow.

In order to effectively protect from dangerous infectious agents, as well as coronavirus, the scientists of I. Horbachevsky Ternopil national medical university (Ukraine) developed a unique prototype of a mobile respiratory protection system with positive airflow - pneumatic helmet. AIM: To evaluate the bacterial permeability of the proposed concept model of the pneumohelmet in full and partial configuration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: With a generating device (compressor inhaler) an aerosol is created from bacterial suspension, which is directed to the inlet of the personal protective respiratory equipment. The outlet is directed at a Petri dish with meat-peptone broth. Evaluation of bacterial contamination is performed by calculating the colony-forming units by multiplying the indicator by the degree of dilution. The study is repeated with a partial configuration of the pneumatic helmet - the presence of only external, only internal filter or not using any filter components. RESULTS: The growth of Micrococcus luteus colonies on the placed nutrient medium when using the proposed conceptual model of the pneumatic helmet in full configuration was not obtained. Removal of the inner filter did not lead to a violation of the effectiveness of antibacterial protection, as bacteria were detected only on the outer side of filter No.2. The use of a conceptual model without filters made it possible to detect colonies of Micrococcus luteus on the medium and components of the device with the calculation of colony forming units in 3- and 4-fold dilutions. During 24 hours of operation, the bacterial load on the surface of the external filter increased significantly. However, no signs of malfunction of the pneumatic helmet were detected. CONCLUSIONS: The given results confirm the ability of the pneumatic helmet to counteract the penetration of bacteria from the environment during 6, 12, 24 hours of continuous operation. The protection was preserved even with partial configuration, which indicates the presence of a margin of reliability of this system.

Application of the thick extract from Maitake mushrooms for correction of metabolic disorders under the paracetamol hepatitis in rats.

It is known that the violation of one or more functions of the liver, where the basic biochemical processes take place, is reflected in the functional state of many organs and systems, causing severe consequences. For the effective treatment of the hepatobiliary system diseases the drugs from fungi and plant materials are promising, the ingredients of which are close to natural metabolites, have different mechanisms of hepatoprotective action and, in general, can have a positive effect on liver function. AIM: The aim of the research was to investigate the hepatoprotective properties of the Maitake mushrooms thick extract in the experiment on rats with paracetamol (acetaminophen)-induced hepatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed on 60 white male rats weighing 180-210 g and aged 6-6,5 months. Rats were divided into 10 groups, each of which included 6 animals. Acute hepatitis was simulated by acetaminophen intragastrically administering at a dose of 1250 mg/ kg of body weight 1 time per day as a suspension in 2% starch gel solution for 2 days. Correction of the toxic lesions was performed with a thick extract of Maitake mushrooms, which was administered intragastrically 2 hours before the introduction of acetaminophen and daily after the lesion at a dose of 150 mg/kg of body weight. "Silibor" (active basis - silymarin) was chosen as a comparison drug, which was administered according to the same scheme as Maitake extract at a dose of 20 mg/kg of animal body weight. On the 3rd, 7th and 10th days from the onset of the lesion, rats were euthanized using sodium barbamyl. Liver homogenate and blood serum were tested. Blood was taken from the hearts of animals. Endogenous intoxication of animals after the introduction of corrective factors was assessed by the activity of ALT, AST, GGTP, LF and the size of the thymol sample. All changes were confirmed by parametric and nonparametric methods of statistical analysis of the results of the study. RESULTS: The expressed cytolysis of hepatocytes, after administration to rats of toxicant, on the basis of research of the activity of aminotransferases, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and thymol sample size is proved. The results of the experiment were confirmed histologically. The introduction of a thick extract of Maitake mushrooms contributed to the normalization of the studied indicators. CONCLUSIONS: The application of the Maitake mushrooms thick extract as a corrective factor in the simulated acetaminophen hepatitis indicates its hepato-, cytoprotective and antioxidative properties.