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Background: Radiation therapy produces reactive oxygen species, which have been linked to various degenerative conditions in periodontal attachment. This study aimed to assess the beneficial effects of aqueous Moringa oleifera leaf extract on the periodontium of albino rats exposed to fractionated gamma radiation. Materials and methods: This experimental study involved 24 adult male albino rats divided into three groups: Group M received M. oleifera leaf extract (300 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 14 days; Group R received 20 Gy fractionated gamma irradiation; and Group MR received the same M. oleifera regimen as Group M and then fractionated gamma irradiation dose as Group R. On the first and seventh days post-radiation, bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament samples were histologically and histomorphometrically examined. Results: The periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and cementum showed structural damage in Group R. A relative persistence of normal periodontal tissue structures was seen in Group MR, showing less disruption of the periodontal ligament and greater trabecular bone thickness than Group R. The histomorphometric analysis showed that the mean periodontal ligament width was highest in Group R7 (245.20 µm) and lowest in Group M7 (54.55 µm). In addition, the mean cementum width was highest in Group R1 (88.99 µm) and lowest in Group M1R1 (17.87 µm) and differed significantly between groups. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, Moringa oleifera leaf aqueous extract showed the potential to reduce the adverse effects of radiation, control inflammation, and support tissue healing in a rat model.
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Introduction The use of dental implants provides a revolutionary solution to the problem of missing teeth in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to assess the early implant survival rate in relation to implant diameter and site of placement. Methods The data were collected from 186 patients treated between January 2019 and June 2021. All the implants were evaluated and restored after three months of implant placement. The early implant survival was calculated for different implant diameters with the odds ratio (OR). Results A total of 373 implants were placed. Implants were placed in the following areas: upper posterior area (UPA), n = 123, upper anterior area (UAA), n = 49, lower posterior area (LPA), n = 184, and lower anterior area (LAA), n = 17. Implants of the following diameters were placed: 3.5 mm (n = 129), 4.3 mm (n = 166), and 5 mm (n = 78). The overall early survival rate was 97.32% after three months of placement. The highest early survival rate was at LAA (100%) and the lowest early survival rate was at UAA (95.9%). The implants 5 mm in diameter had the highest early survival rate (98.72%), while the implants 3.5 mm in diameter had the lowest early survival rate (94.57%). The ORs of the early implant survival were 4.7 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.96-23.05)] and 4.42 (95% CI: 0.53-36.61) for the 4.3 mm and 5 mm implants, respectively, with no statistical significance. Conclusions The implants placed in the oral cavity had acceptable survival rates regardless of implant diameter or site of placement.
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Background and Objectives: Guided tissue regeneration, with or without a bone graft, is a modality for the treatment of furcation involvement. Because the direct application of a bone graft into the periodontal defect has drawbacks, such as the risk of microbial contamination and/or graft containment, a new modality of directly loading bone graft particles over the barrier membrane is now used. This study aimed to evaluate clinically and radiographically the effects of a two-layered membrane consisting of a layer of nanohydroxyapatite particles on a pericardium membrane in the treatment of stage III periodontitis, compared with direct application of a nanohydroxyapatite bone graft. Materials and Methods: Forty individuals with grade II furcation involvement were divided into two groups. Group I was treated with a two-layered membrane consisting of a pericardium membrane with nanohydroxy particles loaded onto its surface; group II was treated with direct application of a nano bone graft covered with pericardium membrane. Clinical and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographic assessments of the two groups were carried out after a 6-month follow-up period. Results: Clinically, the results showed a significant reduction in furcation involvement (F). The CBCT assessment also revealed reductions in depth (D), height (H), width (W), and 3D radiographic volume of furcation involvement in all study groups at baseline and at 6 months postoperative (p < 0.05) with no significant differences between groups. Conclusions: According to the results of the current study, a two-layer membrane formed by direct loading of bone graft particles onto a pericardium membrane can be used as an effective, reliable, and easy-to-use substitute for direct bone graft application into periodontal defects.