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PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of combined canaloplasty and trabeculotomy with phacoemulsification for primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). METHODS: In this retrospective, consecutive, single-surgeon case series, we analyzed the pre- and postoperative measurements of PACG patients who had the procedure. Adverse events were recorded. The main outcomes were mean intraocular pressure (IOP) in each quartile of the follow-up year and the number of IOP-lowering medications the patients were on by the end of each quartile compared to their baseline values. RESULTS: A total of 46 eyes from 39 PACG patients were included. The preoperative IOP and glaucoma medications taken were 19.33±6.03 mm Hg and 1.80±1.39, respectively (N=46). Postoperative IOP means (mm Hg) in the subsequent four quartiles were 14.00±3.33 (N=44), 13.44±2.83 (N=32), 14.38±2.39 (N=16), and 14.92±2.90 (N=13) (p<0.0001). The mean number of meds was 0.32±0.80, 0.22±0.42, 0.59±0.80, and 0.08±0.28 in each respective quartile (p<0.0001), while the median was 0 across all quartiles. CONCLUSIONS: Combining the OMNI surgical system with phacoemulsification led to substantial reductions in mean IOP and the number of IOP-lowering medications when compared to baseline measurements.
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Rising rates of youth anxiety, depression, and suicide mean that pediatricians are increasingly likely to encounter children struggling with their mental health in their clinical practices. Despite pediatric professional organizations encouraging pediatricians to contribute more to mental healthcare and suicide prevention, research on the role of pediatricians and whether families consider them a resource is limited. Drawing on original survey (N=1,230) and interview data (N=102), we investigate how families conceptualize and involve pediatricians in their children's mental healthcare, including during suicidal crises. Our survey data show that while families considered mental health professionals the ideal point of contact, pediatricians were a close second, confirming that families view pediatricians as a mental health resource. Parent interviews clarify that parents most often turn to pediatricians for medication and referrals to other mental health professionals or because mental health professionals were inaccessible. We also examine how pediatricians helped (by connecting families promptly to appropriate care) or hurt (by stigmatizing suicide or by providing interventions associated with harm) during a child's suicidal crisis. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of proper suicide prevention training for pediatricians, as well as suggesting directions for future research.
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BACKGROUND: Acute cellular rejection (ACR) in heart transplant (HTx) recipients may be accompanied by cardiac cell damage with subsequent exposure to cardiac autoantigens and the production of cardiac autoantibodies (aABs). This study aimed to evaluate a peptide array screening approach for cardiac aABs in HTx recipients during ACR (ACR-HTx). METHODS: In this retrospective single-center observational study, sera from 37 HTx recipients, as well as age and sex-matched healthy subjects were screened for a total of 130 cardiac aABs of partially overlapping peptide sequences directed against structural proteins using a peptide array approach. RESULTS: In ACR-HTx, troponin I (TnI) serum levels were found to be elevated. Here, we could identify aABs against beta-2-adrenergic receptor (ß-2AR: EAINCYANETCCDFFTNQAY) to be upregulated in ACR-HTx (intensities: 0.80 versus 1.31, P = 0.0413). Likewise, patients positive for ß-2AR aABs showed higher TnI serum levels during ACR compared with aAB negative patients (10.0 versus 30.0 ng/L, P = 0.0375). Surprisingly, aABs against a sequence of troponin I (TnI: QKIFDLRGKFKRPTLRRV) were found to be downregulated in ACR-HTx (intensities: 3.49 versus 1.13, P = 0.0025). A comparison in healthy subjects showed the same TnI sequence to be upregulated in non-ACR-HTx (intensities: 2.19 versus 3.49, P = 0.0205), whereas the majority of aABs were suppressed in non-ACR-HTx. CONCLUSIONS: Our study served as a feasibility analysis for a peptide array screening approach in HTx recipients during ACR and identified 2 different regulated aABs in ACR-HTx. Hence, further multicenter studies are needed to evaluate the prognostic implications of aAB testing and diagnostic or therapeutic consequences.
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Ammonia-oxidising archaea and nitrite-oxidising bacteria are common members of marine sponge microbiomes. They derive energy for carbon fixation and growth from nitrification - the aerobic oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and further to nitrate - and are proposed to play essential roles in the carbon and nitrogen cycling of sponge holobionts. In this study, we characterise two novel nitrifying symbiont lineages, Candidatus Nitrosokoinonia and Candidatus Nitrosymbion in the marine sponge Coscinoderma matthewsi using a combination of molecular tools, in situ visualisation, and physiological rate measurements. Both represent a new genus in the ammonia-oxidising archaeal class Nitrososphaeria and the nitrite-oxidising bacterial order Nitrospirales, respectively. Furthermore, we show that larvae of this viviparous sponge are densely colonised by representatives of Ca. Nitrosokoinonia and Ca. Nitrosymbion indicating vertical transmission. In adults, the representatives of both symbiont genera are located extracellularly in the mesohyl. Comparative metagenome analyses and physiological data suggest that ammonia-oxidising archaeal symbionts of the genus Ca. Nitrosokoinonia strongly rely on endogenously produced nitrogenous compounds (i.e., ammonium, urea, nitriles/cyanides, and creatinine) rather than on exogenous ammonium sources taken up by the sponge. Additionally, the nitrite-oxidising bacterial symbionts of the genus Ca. Nitrosymbion may reciprocally support the ammonia-oxidisers with ammonia via the utilisation of sponge-derived urea and cyanate. Comparative analyses of published environmental 16S rRNA gene amplicon data revealed that Ca. Nitrosokoinonia and Ca. Nitrosymbion are widely distributed and predominantly associated with marine sponges and corals, suggesting a broad relevance of our findings.
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This case report discusses posterior segment characteristics in a patient aged 24 years with low vision and a history of Gaucher disease.
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Enfermedad de Gaucher , Humanos , Enfermedad de Gaucher/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Gaucher/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Glaucoma is a heterogeneous group of progressive diseases that leads to irreversible blindness. Secondary glaucoma refers to glaucoma caused by a known underlying condition. Pseudoexfoliation and pigment dispersion syndromes are common causes of secondary glaucoma. Their respective deposits may obstruct the trabecular meshwork, leading to aqueous humor outflow resistance, ocular hypertension, and optic neuropathy. There are no disease-specific interventions available for either. Pseudoexfoliation syndrome is characterized by fibrillar deposits (pseudoexfoliative material) on anterior segment structures. Over a decade of multiomics analyses taken together with the current knowledge on pseudoexfoliative glaucoma warrant a re-think of mechanistic possibilities. We propose that the presence of nucleation centers (e.g., vitamin D binding protein), crosslinking enzymes (e.g., transglutaminase 2), aberrant extracellular matrix, flawed endocytosis, and abnormal aqueous-blood barrier contribute to the formation of proteolytically resistant pseudoexfoliative material. Pigment dispersion syndrome is characterized by abnormal iridolenticular contact that disrupts iris pigment epithelium and liberates melanin granules. Iris melanogenesis is aberrant in this condition. Cytotoxic melanogenesis intermediates leak out of melanosomes and cause iris melanocyte and pigment epithelium cell death. Targeting melanogenesis can likely decrease the risk of pigmentary glaucoma. Skin and melanoma research provides insights into potential therapeutics. We propose that specific prostanoid agonists and fenofibrates may reduce melanogenesis by inhibiting cholesterol internalization and de novo synthesis. Additionally, melatonin is a potent melanogenesis suppressor, antioxidant, and hypotensive agent, rendering it a valuable agent for pigmentary glaucoma. In pseudoexfoliative glaucoma, where environmental insults drive pseudoexfoliative material formation, melatonin's antioxidant and hypotensive properties may offer adjunct therapeutic benefits. This article is categorized under: Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto , Glaucoma , Melatonina , Humanos , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Melatonina/uso terapéutico , Presión Intraocular , Glaucoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto/complicacionesRESUMEN
An 11-year-old girl with a port-wine birthmark (PWB), diffuse choroid hemangioma (DCH), and glaucoma experienced decreased vision upon starting treatment with bimatoprost. The patient was switched to latanoprostene bunod. Her vision remained reduced. Shortly after, she was diagnosed with serous retinal detachment (SRD). Both SRD and vision improved following prostaglandin analog (PGA) cessation. Patients with PWB are likely to have DCH and glaucoma. DCH itself poses a risk factor for SRD. Certain glaucoma management modalities may further increase this risk. This report highlights the importance of regular surveillance for SRD in patients with DCH who are receiving PGA. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2023;54:723-729.].
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Neoplasias de la Coroides , Glaucoma , Hemangioma , Desprendimiento de Retina , Femenino , Humanos , Niño , Desprendimiento de Retina/inducido químicamente , Desprendimiento de Retina/diagnóstico , Desprendimiento de Retina/complicaciones , Glaucoma/inducido químicamente , Glaucoma/diagnóstico , Glaucoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Hemangioma/complicaciones , Neoplasias de la Coroides/complicaciones , CoroidesRESUMEN
Objectives: Prior research has demonstrated that men and women emergency medicine (EM) residents receive similar numerical evaluations at the beginning of residency, but that women receive significantly lower scores than men in their final year. To better understand the emergence of this gender gap in evaluations we examined discrepancies between numerical scores and the sentiment of attached textual comments. Methods: This multicenter, longitudinal, retrospective cohort study took place at four geographically diverse academic EM training programs across the United States from July 1, 2013-July 1, 2015 using a real-time, mobile-based, direct-observation evaluation tool. We used complementary quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze 11,845 combined numerical and textual evaluations made by 151 attending physicians (94 men and 57 women) during real-time, direct observations of 202 residents (135 men and 67 women). Results: Numerical scores were more strongly positively correlated with positive sentiment of the textual comment for men (r = 0.38, P < 0.001) compared to women (r = -0.26, P < 0.04); more strongly negatively correlated with mixed (r = -0.39, P < 0.001) and negative (r = -0.46, P < 0.001) sentiment for men compared to women (r = -0.13, P < 0.28) for mixed sentiment (r = -0.22, P < 0.08) for negative; and women were around 11% more likely to receive positive comments alongside lower scores, and negative or mixed comments alongside higher scores. Additionally, on average, men received slightly more positive comments in postgraduate year (PGY)-3 than in PGY-1 and fewer mixed and negative comments, while women received fewer positive and negative comments in PGY-3 than PGY-1 and almost the same number of mixed comments. Conclusion: Women EM residents received more inconsistent evaluations than men EM residents at two levels: 1) inconsistency between numerical scores and sentiment of textual comments; and 2) inconsistency in the expected career trajectory of improvement over time. These findings reveal gender inequality in how attendings evaluate residents and suggest that attendings should be trained to provide all residents with feedback that is clear, consistent, and helpful, regardless of resident gender.
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Medicina de Emergencia , Internado y Residencia , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Retroalimentación , Estudios Retrospectivos , Personal de SaludRESUMEN
Nitrospirales, including the genus Nitrospira, are environmentally widespread chemolithoautotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. These mostly uncultured microorganisms gain energy through nitrite oxidation, fix CO2, and thus play vital roles in nitrogen and carbon cycling. Over the last decade, our understanding of their physiology has advanced through several new discoveries, such as alternative energy metabolisms and complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox Nitrospira). These findings mainly resulted from studies of terrestrial species, whereas less attention has been given to marine Nitrospirales. In this study, we cultured three new marine Nitrospirales enrichments and one isolate. Three of these four NOB represent new Nitrospira species while the fourth represents a novel genus. This fourth organism, tentatively named "Ca. Nitronereus thalassa", represents the first cultured member of a Nitrospirales lineage that encompasses both free-living and sponge-associated nitrite oxidizers, is highly abundant in the environment, and shows distinct habitat distribution patterns compared to the marine Nitrospira species. Partially explaining this, "Ca. Nitronereus thalassa" harbors a unique combination of genes involved in carbon fixation and respiration, suggesting differential adaptations to fluctuating oxygen concentrations. Furthermore, "Ca. Nitronereus thalassa" appears to have a more narrow substrate range compared to many other marine nitrite oxidizers, as it lacks the genomic potential to utilize formate, cyanate, and urea. Lastly, we show that the presumed marine Nitrospirales lineages are not restricted to oceanic and saline environments, as previously assumed.
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Bacterias , Nitritos , Nitritos/metabolismo , Oxidación-Reducción , Amoníaco/metabolismo , Nitrificación , Genómica , FilogeniaRESUMEN
Cells communicate with each other using vesicles of varying sizes, including a specific repertoire known as exosomes. We isolated aqueous humor (AH)-derived vesicles using two different methods: ultracentrifugation and an exosome isolation kit. We confirmed a unique vesicle size distribution in the AH derived from control and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients using various techniques, including Nanotracker, dynamic light scattering, atomic force imaging, and electron microscopy. Bonafide vesicle and/or exosome markers were present by dot blot in both control and POAG AH-derived vesicles. Marker levels differed between POAG and control samples, while non-vesicle negative markers were absent in both. Quantitative labeled (iTRAQ) proteomics showed a reduced presence of a specific protein, STT3B, in POAG compared to controls, which was further confirmed using dot blot, Western blot, and ELISA assays. Along the lines of previous findings with AH profiles, we found vast differences in the total phospholipid composition of AH vesicles in POAG compared to controls. Electron microscopy further showed that the addition of mixed phospholipids alters the average size of vesicles in POAG. We found that the cumulative particle size of type I collagen decreased in the presence of Cathepsin D, which normal AH vesicles were able to protect against, but POAG AH vesicles did not. AH alone had no effect on collagen particles. We observed a protective effect on collagen particles with an increase in artificial vesicle sizes, consistent with the protective effects observed with larger control AH vesicles but not with the smaller-sized POAG AH vesicles. Our experiments suggest that AH vesicles in the control group provide greater protection for collagen beams compared to POAG, and their increased vesicle sizes are likely contributing factors to this protection.
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Humor Acuoso , Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto , Humanos , Humor Acuoso/metabolismo , Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto/metabolismo , Western Blotting , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Proteínas del Ojo/metabolismoRESUMEN
The significance of youth suicide as a public health concern is underscored by the fact that it is the second-leading cause of death for youth globally. While suicide rates for White groups have declined, there has been a precipitous rise in suicide deaths and suicide-related phenomena in Black youth; rates remain high among Native American/Indigenous youth. Despite these alarming trends, there are very few culturally tailored suicide risk assessment measures or procedures for youth from communities of color. This article attempts to address this gap in the literature by examining the cultural relevancy of currently widely used suicide risk assessment instruments, research on suicide risk factors, and approaches to risk assessment for youth from communities of color. It also notes that researchers and clinicians should consider other, nontraditional but important factors in suicide risk assessment, including stigma, acculturation, and racial socialization, as well as environmental factors like health care infrastructure and exposure to racism and community violence. The article concludes with recommendations for factors that should be considered in suicide risk assessment for youth from communities of color. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Grupos Raciales , Determinantes Sociales de la Salud , Suicidio , Adolescente , Humanos , Indígenas Norteamericanos/psicología , Indígenas Norteamericanos/estadística & datos numéricos , Grupos Raciales/etnología , Grupos Raciales/psicología , Grupos Raciales/estadística & datos numéricos , Ideación Suicida , Suicidio/etnología , Suicidio/psicología , Suicidio/estadística & datos numéricos , Violencia/etnología , Violencia/psicología , Medición de Riesgo , Negro o Afroamericano/psicología , Negro o Afroamericano/estadística & datos numéricos , Determinantes Sociales de la Salud/etnología , Determinantes Sociales de la Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Racismo/etnología , Racismo/psicología , Competencia Cultural , Poblaciones Minoritarias, Vulnerables y Desiguales en Salud/psicologíaRESUMEN
Cable bacteria are centimeter-long filamentous bacteria that conduct electrons via internal wires, thus coupling sulfide oxidation in deeper, anoxic sediment with oxygen reduction in surface sediment. This activity induces geochemical changes in the sediment, and other bacterial groups appear to benefit from the electrical connection to oxygen. Here, we report that diverse bacteria swim in a tight flock around the anoxic part of oxygen-respiring cable bacteria and disperse immediately when the connection to oxygen is disrupted (by cutting the cable bacteria with a laser). Raman microscopy shows that flocking bacteria are more oxidized when closer to the cable bacteria, but physical contact seems to be rare and brief, which suggests potential transfer of electrons via unidentified soluble intermediates. Metagenomic analysis indicates that most of the flocking bacteria appear to be aerobes, including organotrophs, sulfide oxidizers, and possibly iron oxidizers, which might transfer electrons to cable bacteria for respiration. The association and close interaction with such diverse partners might explain how oxygen via cable bacteria can affect microbial communities and processes far into anoxic environments.
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Deltaproteobacteria , Oxígeno , Oxidación-Reducción , Sedimentos Geológicos/microbiología , Bacterias/genética , SulfurosRESUMEN
Social scientists seeking to inform policy or public action must carefully consider how to identify effects and express inferences because actions based on invalid inferences may not yield the intended results. Recognizing the complexities and uncertainties of social science, we seek to inform inevitable debates about causal inferences by quantifying the conditions necessary to change an inference. Specifically, we review existing sensitivity analyses within the omitted variables and potential outcomes frameworks. We then present the Impact Threshold for a Confounding Variable (ITCV) based on omitted variables in the linear model and the Robustness of Inference to Replacement (RIR) based on the potential outcomes framework. We extend each approach to include benchmarks and to fully account for sampling variability represented by standard errors as well as bias. We exhort social scientists wishing to inform policy and practice to quantify the robustness of their inferences after utilizing the best available data and methods to draw an initial causal inference.
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Ciencias Sociales , Humanos , CausalidadRESUMEN
The spironolactone derivative drospirenone is combined with ethinylestradiol or estetrol in combined oral contraceptives. Formulations with 17-ß-estradiol are used to treat climacteric symptoms. A drospirenone-only formulation has been introduced for contraception. Here, the pharmacological properties of drospirenone, the impact of the different formulations on metabolic and laboratory parameters, and the resulting clinical implications are reviewed. Ethinylestradiol, an inhibitor of CYP metabolic enzymes, changes the pharmacokinetics of drospirenone, leading to a higher drospirenone exposure with ethinylestradiol/drospirenone compared to the drospirenone-only preparation. In addition, several metabolic alterations have been described. The impact of estetrol is less pronounced, and for 17-ß-estradiol/drospirenone and drospirenone-only, decreased triglyceride and cholesterol levels were observed. Ethinylestradiol induces various pro-coagulatory factors, leading to hypercoagulability. The effect is significantly reduced with estetrol, and no influence was observed with the drospirenone-only preparation. The anti-mineralocorticoid activity of drospirenone seems to positively counteract the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system-activating action of ethinylestradiol. There is no influence on blood pressure with ethinylestradiol/drospirenone and estetrol/drospirenone formulations, while in clinical trials, a reduction has been observed with 17-ß-estradiol/drospirenone and drospirenone-only. Anti-aldosterone activity via non-renal mineralocorticoid receptors is associated with cardiovascular health, while interactions with parathyroid hormone signaling impact bone structure and vascular calcification. Though the clinical relevance is unclear for drospirenone, data in this context are reviewed. To sum up, the advantages of drospirenone in hormonal contraception and treatment of menopausal symptoms have been demonstrated for all the formulations described here. Combination with estrogen confers benefits and risks, which must be considered.
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Estetrol , Progestinas , Femenino , Humanos , Progestinas/farmacología , Estrógenos/farmacología , Etinilestradiol/farmacología , Anticonceptivos Orales Combinados/farmacocinética , Estradiol/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Lipids serve an essential role in multiple cellular functions including signaling, metabolism, energy storage, and membrane constitution. Lipidomics, the study of lipids using analytical chemistry, allows for the study of disease states and cellular metabolism. Shotgun lipidomics is a technique that involves direct-infusion electrospray ionization (ESI) and analysis with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Triple quadrupole mass spectrometry is ideally suited for lipidomics analysis because it allows for class-specific identification of lipids. Individual lipid class can be identified by the adjustment of three parameters-collision energy, ion mode, and scan type. This chapter describes the use of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, the TSQ Quantum Access MAX, to perform lipidomics analysis with high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision.
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Lipidómica , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray/métodos , Lípidos/químicaRESUMEN
The activities of different microbes in the cow rumen have been shown to modulate the host's ability to utilize plant biomass, while the host-rumen interface has received little attention. As datasets collected worldwide have pointed to Campylobacteraceae as particularly abundant members of the rumen epithelial microbiome, we targeted this group in a subset of seven cows with meta- and isolate genome analysis. We show that the dominant Campylobacteraceae lineage has recently speciated into two populations that were structured by genome-wide selective sweeps followed by population-specific gene import and recombination. These processes led to differences in gene expression and enzyme domain composition that correspond to the ability to utilize acetate, the main carbon source for the host, at the cost of inhibition by propionate. This trade-off in competitive ability further manifests itself in differential dynamics of the two populations in vivo. By exploring population-level adaptations that otherwise remain cryptic in culture-independent analyses, our results highlight how recent evolutionary dynamics can shape key functional roles in the rumen microbiome.
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Microbiota , Rumen , Femenino , Bovinos , Animales , Rumen/metabolismo , Microbiota/genética , Genoma , Acetatos/metabolismoRESUMEN
Research suggests that economic declines contribute to mortality risks from suicide and drug poisoning, but how the economy impacts individuals' risks of these deaths has been challenging to specify. Building on recent theoretical advances, we investigate how adolescent occupational expectations and preparation contribute to suicide and drug poisoning deaths in a shifting economy. We use High School and Beyond data linked to adult mortality records for men that were exposed to a decline in labor market share and wages in predominantly blue-collar occupations during early adulthood. We find that adolescent men who expected these occupations had increased risks of suicide and drug poisoning death as adults net of educational and occupational attainment in early adulthood. Family background and occupational preparation are risk factors for death by drug poisoning but not suicide. Our findings improve our understanding of how labor market uncertainty shapes individuals' vulnerability to suicide and drug poisoning death.
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Motivación , Suicidio , Masculino , Adulto , Humanos , Adolescente , Ocupaciones , Factores de Riesgo , EscolaridadRESUMEN
Neurodegenerative diseases refer to a group of neurological disorders as a consequence of various destructive illnesses, that predominantly impact neurons in the central nervous system, resulting in impairments in certain brain functions. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, and other neurodegenerative disorders represent a major risk to human health. In order to optimize structural and functional recovery, reconstructive methods integrate many approaches now, to address the complex and multivariate pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders. Stem cells, with their unique property of regeneration, offer new possibilities in regenerative and reconstructive medicine. Concurrently, there is an important role for natural products in controlling many health sufferings and they can delay or even prevent the onset of various diseases. In addition, due to their therapeutic properties, they have been used as neuroprotective agents to treat neurodegenerative disorders. After decades of intensive research, scientists made advances in treating these disorders so far, but current therapies are still not capable of preventing the illnesses from progressing. Therefore, in this review, we focused on a new perspective combining stem cells and natural products as an innovative therapy option in the management of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Productos Biológicos , Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas , Enfermedad de Parkinson , Humanos , Células Madre , Enfermedad de Parkinson/tratamiento farmacológico , Sistema Nervioso Central , Productos Biológicos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Chronic diseases including cancer have high case numbers as well as mortality rates. The efficient treatment of chronic diseases is a major ongoing medical challenge worldwide, because of their complexity and many inflammatory pathways such as JNK, p38/MAPK, MEK/ERK, JAK/STAT3, PI3K and NF-κB among others being implicated in their pathogenesis. Together with the versatility of chronic disease classical mono-target therapies are often insufficient. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory as well as anti-cancer capacities of polyphenols are currently investigated to complement and improve the effect of classical anti-inflammatory drugs, chemotherapeutic agents or to overcome drug resistance of cancer cells. Currently, research on Calebin A, a polyphenolic component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), is becoming of growing interest with regard to novel treatment strategies and has already been shown health-promoting as well as anti-tumor properties, including anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, in diverse cancer cells. Within this review, we describe already known anti-inflammatory activities of Calebin A via modulation of NF-κB and its associated signaling pathways, linked with TNF-α, TNF-ß and COX-2 and further summarize Calebin A's tumor-inhibiting properties that are known up to date such as reduction of cancer cell viability, proliferation as well as metastasis. We also shed light on possible future prospects of Calebin A as an anti-cancer agent.