Association between a medical nutrition therapy program and eating behavior with gestational weight gain in women with diabetes.

Introduction: To assess the association of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) consultations and eating behavior with gestational weight gain (GWG) in Mexican women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Material and methods: Cross-sectional study conducted at (Blinded for Review) from 2013 to 2014. Fifty-seven patients with T2DM or GDM were invited to participate. The dependent variable was GWG and the main independent variables were MNT and eating behaviors. Data were obtained from medical records or interviews. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess associations.Results: Per each additional MNT consultation, GWG was reduced by 1.2 kg (ß = -1.2; 95% CI: -2, -0.3; p = .007). After adjusting for age, in women with normal pregestational weight, for each unit, increase in the EE behavior index, there was a GWG increase of 2.8 kg (ß = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.2, 4.4; p = .003).Conclusions: This study reinforces the need for additional research to determine how eating behaviors are related to GWG during pregnancy. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03767699.

Hyperleptinemia as a prognostic factor for preeclampsia: a cohort study.

INTRODUCTION: Leptin is an adipokine which has a direct relationship to obesity. Our aim was to measure this hormone in pregnant women at three months intervals throughout their pregnancies to determine the serum value of those who developed preeclampsia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We followed 19 women (median age 24.8 +/- 5.7 years) with pre-gestational Body Mass Index (BMI) less than 25 kg/m2, 21 (median age 26.1 +/- 4.6 years) with BMI higher than 25 kg/m2 and 16 (median age 30.9 +/- 5.8 years) with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) (median age 30.9 +/- 5.8 years), recruited in the 1st trimester of pregnancy. Serum levels of leptin were measured with radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique. RESULTS: In the first trimester of pregnancy leptin levels showed statistically significant differences between normal weight and overweight-obese women (p < 0.001), diabetic women (p < 0.05) and the subgroup of preeclamptic women (p < 0.001). For those women with PGBMI > or = 40 kg/m2 and leptin > or = 40 ng/ml in the second trimester, the Odds Ratio (OR) to develop preeclampsia was of 47.95% CI (4.1-527.2). Analyzing leptin values with ROC curves, the greatest area under the curve (AUC) was for leptin in the second trimester (0.773, CI: 0.634-0.911). CONCLUSION: Women with morbid obesity (BMI > or = 40 kg/m2) had significantly higher levels of serum leptin (p < 0.01) and a value of 40 ng/ml of this hormone seems to be predictive of developing preeclampsia in this group of patients.