RESUMEN
In this paper, a new color watermarking algorithm based on differential evolution is proposed. A color host image is first converted from RGB space to YIQ space, which is more suitable for the human visual system. Then, apply three-level discrete wavelet transformation to luminance component Y and generate four different frequency sub-bands. After that, perform singular value decomposition on these sub-bands. In the watermark embedding process, apply discrete wavelet transformation to a watermark image after the scrambling encryption processing. Our new algorithm uses differential evolution algorithm with adaptive optimization to choose the right scaling factors. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a better performance in terms of invisibility and robustness.
Asunto(s)
Algoritmos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/métodos , Color , Seguridad Computacional , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/estadística & datos numéricos , Reconocimiento de Normas Patrones Automatizadas/métodos , Reconocimiento de Normas Patrones Automatizadas/estadística & datos numéricos , Procesamiento de Señales Asistido por Computador , Análisis de OndículasRESUMEN
A novel poly(4-vinylpyridine) supported acidic ionic liquid catalyst was synthesized by the reaction of 4-vinylpyridine with 1,3-propanesultone, followed by the polymerization and the addition of the heteropolyacid. Due to the combination of polymer features and ionic liquid, it acted as a heterogeneous catalyst to effectively catalyze the cyclocondensation reaction of anthranilamide with aldehydes under ultrasonic irradiation and afforded the corresponding 2,3-dihydro-4(1H)-quinazolinones compounds in good to excellent yields. In addition, the catalyst could be easily recovered by the filtration and reused six times without significant loss of catalytic activity. More importantly, the use of ultrasonic irradiation can obviously accelerate the reaction.