RESUMEN
The effect of microplastics on the ecological environment and human health has become a topical issueï¼ and research on the risks and harmful effects of MPs on human health in particular has attracted widespread attention. Due to the characteristics of small sizeï¼ low degradabilityï¼ and easy migrationï¼ MPs continuously migrate from the environment to the human bodyï¼ and their main exposure pathways are oral ingestionï¼ inhalationï¼ and dermal contactï¼ with the main exposure media being foodï¼ drinking waterï¼ dustï¼ personal care productsï¼ etc. MPs have been detected in organsï¼ fluidsï¼ and excreta of digestiveï¼ respiratoryï¼ cardiovascularï¼ reproductive systemsï¼ etc. The abundance range of MPs in the human body is 0-1 206.94 particles per gram. After entering the human bodyï¼ MPs can cause cytotoxicityï¼ mitochondrial toxicityï¼ DNA damageï¼ cell membrane damageï¼ and other effects on human cells and organsï¼ leading to serious consequences such as local inflammationï¼ ecological imbalanceï¼ metabolic disordersï¼ etc.ï¼ in various systems. Owing to their small specific surface areaï¼ they can also adsorb pollutants such as heavy metalsï¼ organic pollutantsï¼ antibioticsï¼ pathogensï¼ and harmful microorganismsï¼ causing combined toxicity and immunotoxicity. In the endï¼ we highlighted general deficiencies in existing studies and provided directions for future research on the influence of MPs on human health.