Emilia fosbergii Nicolson, a novel and effective accumulator for phytoremediation of mercury-contaminated soils.

Soil contamination by toxic metals threatens global public health, highlighting the need for cost-effective and ecologically sound site remediation. In this study, we assessed phytoremediation of Hg-contaminated soils by Emilia fosbergii Nicolson (Asteraceae). Pot experiment was conducted using a substrate of sand and vermiculite (1:1 volume ratio), treatments consisted of five Hg concentrations (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 mg kg-1). Metal transfer rates were calculated, including accumulation (BAF), translocation (TF) and bioconcentration (BCF) factors. E. fosbergii roots exhibited greater Hg accumulation than other tissues, but biomass production and plant health were not significantly affected at the concentrations tested, as indicated by elongation factors and tolerance index. The results revealed BAF values between 2.18 and 7.14, TF values ranged between 0.15 and 0.52, and the BCF index varied between 8.97 and 26.58. Treatments with Hg content of 5 mg kg-1 and 7 mg kg-1 recorded the highest total Hg concentrations of 66 mg kg-1 and 65.53 mg kg-1 (roots), and 9.18 mg kg-1 and 33.88 mg kg-1 (aerial), respectively. E. fosbergii demonstrated promise for Hg phytoremediation due to its high accumulation capacity, indicated by regular TF and high BCF and BAF indexes, thus classifying it as a high Hg accumulator.

Phytoextractor and phytostabilizer plant, high accumulator of Hg.Weed with great capacity for proliferation and adaptability.E. fosbergii showed tolerance to Hg in the substrate.Promising plant for phytoremediation of soils contaminated by Hg.Novel species for recovery of soils degraded by Hg exposure.

UNDIFFERENTIATED PLEOMORPHIC SARCOMA: PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN 42 EXTREMITY CASES.

Introduction: Soft tissue undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) in extremities is considered a rare neoplasm, corresponding to 5% of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) today. The objective was to evaluate prognostic factors related to death, local recurrence (LR), and impact on survival rates. Methods: A retrospective study including 42 patients with UPS in extremities treated surgically in a single center. Comparisons were made between demographic data, characteristics of the neoplasia, and treatment. Between the variables with statistical significance, logistic regression analysis was used. Survival rates were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier plots. To compare the effect of variables on survival rates, the Log-Rank test was used. Results: Age group of patients was from 25 to 85 years (mean 58 years), with a mean follow-up of 29.6 months. The variables with the highest effect on survival rates were sizes larger than 15 cm (T4) with p = 0.01, presence of metastatic lesions, and prognostic stage IV according to the American Joint Committee of Cancer (AJCC) with p < 0.001. The mean survival was 25.9 months. Metastasis and stage IV of AJCC were associated with a reduction in patient survival (17.8 months) with Log-Rank test p < 0.001. Conclusion: The main factors of poor prognosis related to mortality and reduction of survival of UPS in extremities were metastatic lesions and stage IV of AJCC. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Study.

O sarcoma pleomórfico indiferenciado (SPI) de tecidos moles em extremidades, neoplasia rara, correspondente a 5% dos sarcomas de tecidos moles (STM). Objetivo: Avaliar fatores de prognóstico relacionados a óbito, recorrência local (RL) e impacto na sobrevida geral. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de 42 pacientes com SPI tratados cirurgicamente em centro único. Foram comparados dados demográficos, características da neoplasia e de tratamento; e para as variáveis com significância estatística, foi realizada análise de regressão logística. A sobrevida foi avaliada através de gráficos de Kaplan-Meier; e os efeito das variáveis sobre a sobrevida, por meio do teste de log-rank. Resultados: Os pacientes tinham idades entre 25 e 85 anos (média de 58 anos), com seguimento ambulatorial médio de 29,6 meses. As variáveis com maior relação com o desfecho óbito foram tamanho maior que 15 cm (T4), com p = 0,01, metástases e estágio IV de prognóstico da American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), com p < 0,001. A sobrevida média dos pacientes foi de 25,9 meses. Presença de metástase e estágio IV da AJCC foram associados à redução na sobrevida dos pacientes (17,8 meses; p < 0,001). Conclusão: Os principais fatores de mau prognóstico relacionados ao óbito e à redução da sobrevida dos pacientes com SPI foram doença metastática e estágio IV da AJCC. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Retrospectivo.

Maximum limit of sensible heat dissipation in Japanese quail.

Surface temperature can be used as a tool for calculating sensible heat transfer. However, it needs to be associated with air temperature to identify the direction of heat flow (gain or loss). This study quantified sensible heat transfer in Japanese quail as a function of operative temperature. The meteorological variables were air temperature, relative humidity, and black globe temperature. Quail surface temperature was measured on 50 adult Coturnix coturnix japonica individuals 270 days old during 8 days by using a thermographic camera. The data were analyzed by the least-squares method to assess the effects of sex (male and female), period of the day (morning and afternoon), and body region (head, body, and feet). Quail surface temperature was strongly correlated with operative temperature. The total sensible heat flow was 64.02 W m-2. The morning period had a mean operative temperature of 22.48 °C, providing a higher gradient between air and quail temperature and thereby producing a higher heat flow (82.19 W m-2). In the afternoon, the heat transfer was lower (45.70 W m-2) because the operative temperature was higher (30.84 °C). Comparison between sexes showed that heat transfer was higher in females (67.37 W m-2) than in males (60.53 W m-2). The head served as an important thermal window, with a heat transfer of 78.24 W m-2, whereas the body and feet had a transfer of 56.80 W m-2. Heat transfer by sensible mechanisms was quantified in Japanese quail. Heat transfer depended greatly on ambient temperature. When the operative temperature was below 28 °C, sensible mechanisms were efficient in dissipating heat to the environment. When the ambient temperature exceeded 29 °C, quail could not effectively dissipate heat to the environment through sensible mechanisms. At 30 °C and above, heat loss shifted to heat gain, causing thermal stress in Japanese quail.

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma: prognostic factors in 42 extremity cases / Sarcoma pleomórfico indiferenciado: fatores de prognóstico em 42 casos em extremidades

ABSTRACT Introduction: Soft tissue undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) in extremities is considered a rare neoplasm, corresponding to 5% of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) today. The objective was to evaluate prognostic factors related to death, local recurrence (LR), and impact on survival rates. Methods: A retrospective study including 42 patients with UPS in extremities treated surgically in a single center. Comparisons were made between demographic data, characteristics of the neoplasia, and treatment. Between the variables with statistical significance, logistic regression analysis was used. Survival rates were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier plots. To compare the effect of variables on survival rates, the Log-Rank test was used. Results: Age group of patients was from 25 to 85 years (mean 58 years), with a mean follow-up of 29.6 months. The variables with the highest effect on survival rates were sizes larger than 15 cm (T4) with p = 0.01, presence of metastatic lesions, and prognostic stage IV according to the American Joint Committee of Cancer (AJCC) with p < 0.001. The mean survival was 25.9 months. Metastasis and stage IV of AJCC were associated with a reduction in patient survival (17.8 months) with Log-Rank test p < 0.001. Conclusion: The main factors of poor prognosis related to mortality and reduction of survival of UPS in extremities were metastatic lesions and stage IV of AJCC. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Study.

RESUMO O sarcoma pleomórfico indiferenciado (SPI) de tecidos moles em extremidades, neoplasia rara, correspondente a 5% dos sarcomas de tecidos moles (STM). Objetivo: Avaliar fatores de prognóstico relacionados a óbito, recorrência local (RL) e impacto na sobrevida geral. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de 42 pacientes com SPI tratados cirurgicamente em centro único. Foram comparados dados demográficos, características da neoplasia e de tratamento; e para as variáveis com significância estatística, foi realizada análise de regressão logística. A sobrevida foi avaliada através de gráficos de Kaplan-Meier; e os efeito das variáveis sobre a sobrevida, por meio do teste de log-rank. Resultados: Os pacientes tinham idades entre 25 e 85 anos (média de 58 anos), com seguimento ambulatorial médio de 29,6 meses. As variáveis com maior relação com o desfecho óbito foram tamanho maior que 15 cm (T4), com p = 0,01, metástases e estágio IV de prognóstico da American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), com p < 0,001. A sobrevida média dos pacientes foi de 25,9 meses. Presença de metástase e estágio IV da AJCC foram associados à redução na sobrevida dos pacientes (17,8 meses; p < 0,001). Conclusão: Os principais fatores de mau prognóstico relacionados ao óbito e à redução da sobrevida dos pacientes com SPI foram doença metastática e estágio IV da AJCC. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Retrospectivo.

The potential of natural shade provided by Brazilian savanna trees for thermal comfort and carbon sink.

This study looked at the potential of thermal comfort provided to animals by four different Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) native trees, as well as their potential for carbon sink. The evaluations were carried out during the summer of 2020, which consisted of the collection of microclimate variables. The Mean Radiant Temperature (TMR, °C) was derived from the shaded and unshaded areas under the trees, and from that, the Radiant Heat Load (RHL, W m-2) was calculated as an index of thermal comfort. Solar radiation was estimated considering the sum of the direct, diffuse, and reflected components (W m-2), and carbon stock from trees biomass for CO2 sequestration was estimated from an allometric model applied to the native Cerrado tree species. The shade of the native trees reduced the meteorological variables such as dry bulb and black globe temperatures, to values considered adequate for the thermal comfort of animals, with an average reduction respectively equal to 1.3 °C and 6.4 °C. This represents a significant difference compared to the unshaded area as well as among tree species (P < 0.05), reflecting in lower values of TMR and RHL in the shaded area provided by each species. Carbon sequestration individually estimated by each native tree species was on average 8.85 Mg per tree. These results demonstrate the great potential for native tree species in the Cerrado biome to be used in agroforestry systems to provide higher levels of thermal comfort to animals and to combat climate change through their aptitude of CO2 sink.

Solar radiation limits the use of paddocks by laying hens raised in the free-range system.

Laying hens on the free-range systems are susceptible to challenging situations in relation to the rearing environment. Therefore, this work evaluated how solar radiation influences the behavior of laying hens raised in a free-range system, in the Brazilian Savanna. The activities included data collection of meteorological variables and behavioral analysis of 300 commercial laying hens in relation to the frequency of use of indoor and outdoor areas of rearing housing. The solar radiation is the main factor that directly affects the heat gain of production animals, in this experiment had a high amplitude during all day, going from 33.42 to 756.98 W m-2. It was observed that the highest frequency of 79% and 91% use of the barn areas by the hens was at 8 am and 4 pm, respectively. The internal area of the housing was more used by hens 87% and 68% at 12 h and 14 h, respectively. Hens were not observed in the paddocks at noon and 2 pm. Hens spend more than 6 h of the day inside the housing to provide shelter from solar radiation. Which the conclusion the solar radiation influences the behavior of laying hens, at times of the day of the higher incidence of radiation, and high air and global temperatures, it was not observed the presence of hens in the external areas of the housing, especially with the use of the paddocks; at these times the hens seek shelter inside the housing to get away from the incidence of direct solar radiation.

Endoscopic analysis of alterations in sinus floor elevation approaching the summers technique and immediate implant: a clinical trial with 10 years follow-up / Análise endoscópica das alterações na elevação do assoalho do seio maxilar com abordagem da técnica de Summer e implante imediato: um ensaio clínico com 10 anos de acompanhamento

The goal of this study was to evaluate by endoscopy, possible intercurrences during the sinus floor lifting employing the Summers technique, besides verify the implants' survival rate after 10 years. Six patients (12 sinus) were included in this study. The same surgeon performed the procedures, under local anesthesia and venous sedation in the hospital. All participants underwent sinus lift and implant placement in only one procedure, as previously planned, using endoscopic analysis (Stortz®). All cases received bovine bone graft (Bio-Oss®) before the implant placement. After 10 years, the patients were recalled for follow-up. Two intercurrences (16.66%) were detected using the endoscope, one simple rupture, and another perforation with the leaking of the graft within the sinus. Both were reverted and corrected immediately. There was one implant loss (8.33%), therefore this patient did not undergo any intercurrence in transoperative, and the membrane was elevated lesser than 5 mm. The survival rate reached was 91.66%. The osteotome technique constitutes a reliable method with a long-term of 10 years presenting a high implant survival rate, suggesting an elevation up to 5.5 mm in healthy patients. The occurrences in transoperative were only detected by the endoscopic analysis which must be stimulated to guarantee more secure visibility. Otherwise, the association the atraumatic technique and endoscope was tough, increased the costs, limiting the use routinely.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar através de endoscopia as possíveis intercorrências durante levantamento de seio maxilar fechado, além de verificar a taxa de sobrevivência dos implantes após 10 anos. Seis pacientes (12 seios maxilares) foram incluídos neste estudo com idades entre 26 e 74 anos. O mesmo cirurgião realizou os procedimentos, sob anestesia local e sedação venosa em ambiente hospitalar. Todos os participantes foram submetidos à elevação do seio nasal e colocação do implante em apenas um procedimento, conforme planejado anteriormente, por acompanhamento transcirúrgico da endoscopia (Stortz®). Todos os casos receberam enxerto ósseo bovino (Bio-Oss®) antes da colocação do implante. Após 10 anos, os pacientes foram chamados para acompanhamento. Foram detectadas duas intercorrências (16,66%) com o endoscópio, uma ruptura simples e outra perfuração com extravasamento do enxerto para dentro do seio. Ambos foram revertidos e corrigidos imediatamente. Houve perda de um implante (8,33%), portanto esse paciente não apresentou intercorrência no transoperatório e a membrana estava elevada menos de 5 mm. A taxa de sobrevivência alcançada foi de 91,66%. A técnica do osteótomo constitui um método confiável em longo prazo (10 anos) apresentando uma alta taxa de sobrevivência do implante, sugerindo que uma elevação de até 5,5 mm em pacientes saudáveis é possível. Assim, verificou-se que as ocorrências no transoperatório foram detectadas apenas pela análise endoscópica que deve ser estimulada para garantir uma visibilidade mais segura. Por outro lado, a associação da técnica fechada com o endoscópio foi difícil, aumentou os custos, limitando seu uso como rotina

3-Step didactic white matter dissection of human cerebellum: Micro-neuroanatomical training.

OBJECTIVES: A thorough understanding of cerebellum anatomy is essential in 4th ventricle approaches (more frequent in pediatric neurosurgery), avoiding relevant complications such as cerebellar mutism. The aim of the present work is to show the feasibility of a didactic dissection of human cerebellum focusing on cerebellar peduncles and dentate nucleus (DN), which are structures at high risk during these surgical procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cerebellum was dissected according to the Klingler method for white matter, using standard and specific microsurgery tools. Surgical microscope magnification (×6-×40) provided by a D.F. Vasconcellos M900 was required. A Canon EOS T7 18-55 mm digital camera was used and Adobe Lightroom Classic CC and Keynote were selected as photo enhancing software. Special methods such as LED light endoscopic transillumination were used for photographical reasons. RESULTS: DN dissection was successfully achieved and the relations between these nucleus and the cerebellar peduncles, inferior vermis and medullary velums were described. Through this three steps dissection guide (1. tentorial surface; 2. suboccipital surface; 3. 4th ventricle structures), the most relevant anatomical structures were shown and its implications in different 4th ventricle approaches were characterised. CONCLUSION: 3 D perspective provided by real specimen anatomical dissection is critical for learning neuroanatomy. LED transillumination was shown as a useful technique for the 4th ventricle structures photographic documentation which improves spatial recognition. This benefit can be applied for the study of the relations between the medullary velums and the rhomboid fossa foramina, which are permeable to light. The proposed three-steps dissection guide helps to a better understanding of human cerebellum and to gain self-confidence, allowing safer practice for neurosurgeons in all stages of their career.

Prevalência de infecções hospitalares e assistência odontológica: um estudo transversal / Prevalence of hospital infections and dental care: a cross-sectional study

Objetivo:Realizar uma comparação entre a prevalência de infecções hospitalares pelo período de 13 meses entre dois grupos: pacientes internados sem assistência odontológica e com assistência odontológica. Métodos:O estudo é considerado do tipo transversal descritivo, através de dados referentes às taxas de infecções hospitalares obtidas em dois grupos, sem e com acompanhamento odontológico, considerando mais especificamente os setores: Centro de Terapia Intensiva (CTI) e Clínica Neurológica. Foram incluídos na amostra pacientes com idade superior a 16 anos, de ambos os gêneros e que apresentaram diagnóstico de infecção hospitalar após o período de 48 horas de internação ou 48 horas após a alta. Resultados:Entre março de 2016 à março de 2017, observou-se uma prevalência de infecção hospitalarde 3.14% em pacientes sem assistência odontológica e no período de março de 2017 à março de 2018, a prevalência foi de 2.85% nos pacientes que tiveram assistência odontológica. Conclusão: O CTI foi o setor de maior ocorrência das infecções. A assistência odontológica não se mostrou associada com as ocorrências de infecções.

Aim: To make a comparison between the prevalence of hospital infections over a period of 13 months between two groups: patients hospitalized without dental care and with dental care. Methods:This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, through data regarding the rates of hospital infections obtained in two groups: with and without dental care, considering more specifically the sectors: Intensive care unit (ICU) and neruological clinic. Patients over 16 years-old, of both genders and who were diagnosed withhospital infection after 48 hours of hospitalization or 48 hours after discharge, were included in the sample. Results: Between March 2016 and March 2017, a prevalence of hospital infection was observed of 3. 14% in patients without dental care and from March 2017 to March 2018, the prevalence was 2. 85% in patients who had dental care. Conclusion: The ICU was the sector with the highest occurrence of infections. Dental care was not associated with the occurrence of infections.

Fatores associados à ansiedade pré-cirúrgica gastrenterológica: um estudo transversal / Factores asociados con la ansiedad gastrenterológica pre-quirúrgica: un estudio transversal / Factors associated with pre-surgical gastrenterological anxiety: a cross-cutting study

Objetivo: avaliar a associação de variáveis sócio demográficas e o nível de ansiedade pré-cirúrgica de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias gastrenterológicas. Método: estudo quantitativo, associativo e transversal, realizado na Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Avaré/SP. A amostra foi composta por 105 pacientes, cujos dados foram coletados do prontuário e por meio da aplicação da Escala de Hamilton para avaliação do nível de ansiedade. A coleta de dados foi realizada de maio e julho de 2019. Utilizou-se modelo de regressão linear múltipla para tratamento dos dados. Resultados: houve prevalência do sexo feminino, nível superior e religião católica. Maior parte possuía filhos e eram casados. Menos da metade era portador de alguma comorbidade e pequena porcentagem submetido a algum tratamento cirúrgico. Houve prevalência de acesso a informações sobre ao procedimento a qual seria submetido e quadro leve de ansiedade. Conclusão: pacientes que receberam informações sobre a cirurgia apresentaram menor quadro de ansiedade pré-cirúrgica(AU)

Objective: to evaluate the association of demographic variables and the level of pre-surgical anxiety in patients undergoing gastroenterological surgery. Method: quantitative, associative and cross-sectional study, carried out at Santa Casa de Misericórdia in Avaré / SP. The sample consisted of 105 patients, certain data were collected from medical records and through the application of the Hamilton Scale to assess the level of anxiety. Data collection was carried out from May to July 2019. A multiple linear regression model was used for data treatment. Results: prevalence of females, higher education and Catholic religion. Most had children and were married. Less than half had any comorbidity and a small percentage underwent some surgical treatment. Prevalence of access to information about the procedure to be submitted and anxiety. Conclusion: patients who receive information about clinical surgery less preoperative anxiety(AU)

Objetivo: evaluar la asociación de variables sociodemográficas y el nivel de ansiedad prequirúrgica en pacientes sometidos a cirugías gastroenterológicas. Método: estudio cuantitativo, asociativo y transversal, realizado en la Santa Casa de Misericordia de Avaré/SP. La muestra estuvo conformada por 105 pacientes, cuyos datos fueron recolectados de las historias clínicas y mediante la aplicación de la Escala de Hamilton para evaluar el nivel de ansiedad. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo en mayo y julio de 2019. Para el procesamiento de los datos se utilizó un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple. Resultados: hubo predominio del sexo femenino, educación superior y religión católica. La mayoría tenía hijos y estaban casados. Menos de la mitad tenía alguna comorbilidad y un pequeño porcentaje había sido sometido a algún tratamiento quirúrgico. Prevaleció el acceso a la información sobre el procedimiento al que sería sometido y leve ansiedad. Conclusión: los pacientes que recibieron información sobre la cirugía presentaron menor ansiedad prequirúrgica.(AU)

Occupational risk assessment of exposure to metals in chrome plating workers.

Inhalation of xenobiotics during manufacture process in chrome plating bath produce hazards to workers' health. Chromium (Cr) is a metal widely used by industry, and its hexavalent (VI) form has been classified as mutagenic and carcinogenic. This study aimed to evaluate the occupational risk of exposure to metals in chrome plating workers. Biological monitoring was performed through quantification of Cr, Pb, As, Ni, and V in blood by ICP-MS in 50 male chrome-plating workers from the exposed group and 50 male non-exposed workers. The inflammatory parameters assessed were ß-2 integrin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and L-selectin expression in lymphocytes. The genotoxicity was evaluated with comet and micronucleus (MN) assays and as a biomarker of oxidative damage the lipid peroxidation (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PCO). The results demonstrated that Cr levels in blood and urine were increased in the exposed group compared to the non-exposed group. Although the biomarkers of exposure proved to be within the levels considered safe in exposed individuals, chrome plating workers presented significantly increase in the percentage of lymphocytes expressing ß-2 integrin, ICAM-1, and L-selectin as well as DNA damage (comet assay) and plasmatic MDA and PCO levels. Therefore, it is possible also assign the injuries caused to lipids, proteins, and DNA assessed due to the increased presence of other metals such as Pb, As, Ni, and V in exposed subjects. These results suggest that exposure to xenobiotics present in the occupational environment in chrome plating industry could play a crucial role toward the inflammation, genetic, and oxidative damage.

Thermal comfort provided by different shading structures in free-range systems in Brazilian savanna.

This work aimed to evaluate the thermal comfort provided by shading structures in free-range systems under a tropical environment, based on microclimate variables of nets with different materials. During the experiment, the unshading area; the natural shading of a native tree species to the Brazilian Savanna; and the artificial 80% shadings nets: black polypropylene, heat-reflective aluminized, and association of both were evaluated. The shading structures were analyzed in paddocks at the Água Limpa Farm from the University of Brasília, where dry-bulb, wet-bulb, black globe temperatures, and wind speed were collected for the micrometeorological characterization from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm. From the temperatures, the vapor pressures and the humidities were calculated. The shortwave radiation was calculated through the sum of direct, diffuse, and reflected radiations. The mean radiant temperature, radiant heat load, and black globe temperature and humidity index were calculated. The internal and external surface temperatures of the nets and the soil temperature were measured every 30 min. The data were analyzed with aid of the statistical analysis system. The air temperature varied according to the shortwave radiation, from 25.6 °C at 8:00 am to 29.6 °C at 1:00 pm, with a decrease over the hours. Despite the air temperature of the trees showed the lowest average, the nets association structure was the most reduced all the thermal comfort indexes. The heat-reflective net presented the lowest soil temperature at all hours (under 26.1 °C). In general, the shadings proved to be efficient in promoting thermal comfort in free-range systems.

Prevalence of oral health-related shame and associated factors among Brazilian schoolchildren.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of oral health-related shame and the associated factors among 8-to-10-year-old Brazilian schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 388 children randomly selected from public and private schools of Diamantina, southeastern Brazil. In order to identify the feeling of shame, self-reports were collected through a single question, "In the last month, did you feel ashamed because of your teeth or mouth? Two calibrated examiners performed the clinical examination for dental caries (DMFT/dmft index), traumatic dental injuries (O' Brien), and malocclusion (Dental Aesthetic Index). Sociodemographic indicators were obtained through a questionnaire answered by the children's caregivers. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and hierarchical Poisson regression models were performed (95%CI; p < 0.05). The prevalence of shame was 38.1% (n = 148). The adjusted regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between shame and untreated dental caries (PR: 1.34; 95%CI: 1.04-1.74; p = 0.02), age of 10 years (PR: 1.36; 95%CI: 1.05-1.76; p = 0.01), and with parents with less than eight years of schooling (PR: 1.30; 95%CI: 1.00-1.68; p = 0.04). Older children with untreated dental caries and whose parents had lower education level presented a higher prevalence of oral health-related shame.

Relação entre tratamento protético, autoestima e qualidade de vida em pacientes idosos em tratamento hemodialítico / Relationship between prosthetic treatment, self-esteem and quality of life in elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis

Fundamento: O estado de saúde bucal pode ter influência física e psicológica sobre a vida dos indivíduos. Pode afetar simultaneamente o prazer na vida devido a interferência nas condições bucais, na fala, mastigação, sabor e deglutição, nos domínios sociais, sobre a aparência e autoconfiança dos indivíduos. Objetivo:Verificar se o tratamento protético odontológico é capaz de gerar melhoria na qualidade de vida e na autoestima de pacientes idosos submetidos a hemodiálise. Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo intervencional com 26 pacientes submetidos à hemodiálise na cidade de Diamantina, Brasil. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a realização do tratamento; com e sem tratamento. O grupo tratamento recebeu ajustes ou confecção de uma nova prótese odontológica, já o grupo sem tratamento recebeu apenas avaliação clínica e orientações sobre higiene bucal. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada através do instrumento Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-36) e Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) na sua versão 14. Já para a autoestima utilizou-se a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. Resultados: A média de idade foi 69,08 anos (±05,90) e o índice CPO-D médio foi de 29,65 (±01,35). Houve significância estatística na dimensão aspecto emocional do SF-36 nos dois grupos. O grupo que recebeu tratamento apresentou significância na incapacidade física do OHIP-14 e melhora da autoestima. Conclusão: O tratamento protético odontológico gerou melhoria na qualidadede vida e impactou na autoestima de pacientes idosos submetidos à hemodiálise, sendo o impacto maior nos pacientes que realizaram tratamento protético

Background: Oral health status can have a physical and psychological influence on individuals' lives. It can simultaneously affect the pleasure in life due to interference in oral conditions, speech, chewing, taste and swallowing, in social domains, on the appearance and self-confidence of individuals. Objective:To verify whether dental prosthetic treatment is able to improve the quality of life and self-esteem of elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: An interventional study was carried out with 26 patients undergoing hemodialysis in the city of Diamantina, Brazil. Patients were divided into two groups according to treatment completion; with and without treatment. The treatment group received adjustments or made a new dental prosthesis, while the group without treatment received only clinical evaluation and guidance on oral hygiene. Quality of life was assessed using the instrument Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-36) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) in its version 14. For self-esteem, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was used. Results:The mean age was 69.08 years (±05.90) and the mean DMFT index was 29.65 (±01.35). There was statistical significance in the emotional aspect dimension of the SF-36 in both groups. The group that received treatment showed significance in the physical disability of the OHIP-14 and improvement in self-esteem. Conclusion:Dental prosthetic treatment improved the quality of life and impacted the self-esteem of elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis, with the greatest impact on patients who underwent prosthetic treatment.

Relationship between stress and bruxism in university students: a cross-sectional study

Background: Bruxism is defined as repetitive masticatory muscle activity characterized by clenching or grinding of the teeth and it has been related to psychological factors, such as personality traits, anxiety and stress. Objective: To investigate association between stress and bruxism among university students. Materials and methods:Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults (LSSI) was applied to 253 university students in Diamantina, Brazil. The y were clinically evaluated to verify dental wear. The non-instrumental evaluation of probable bruxism was determined by the patients' reports. Sociodemographic variables and self-reported stress data were collected by usi ng the questionnaire. The chi-square test was used, and significance level of 5% ( p<0.05) was adopted. Results: The prevalence of bruxism was 45.8% and stress, 37.9%. There was no significant association between the presence of stress diagnosed by ISSL and bruxism (p = 0.815). Among the students diagnosed as stressed, 31.6% were in the resistance phase. Self-reported stress was associated with the habit of tooth grinding (p < 0.001). Conclusions: No association was found between stress and bruxism. Nevertheless, the prevalence of bruxism among these students was considered high.

Fundamento: O bruxismo é definido como atividade muscular repetitiva da mastigação caracterizada pelo ranger dos dentes e tem sido relacionado a fatores psicológicos, como traços de personalidade, ansiedade e estresse. Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre estresse e bruxismo em universitários. Materiais e métodos:O Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp (ISSL) foi aplicado a 253 estudantes universitários em Diamantina, Brasil. Eles foram avaliados clinicamente para verificar o desgaste dentário. A avaliação não instrumental de provável bruxismo foi determinada pelos relatos dos pacientes. Variáveis sociodemográficas e dados de estresse autorreferido foram coletados por meio do questionário. Foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado e adotado nível de significância de 5% (p <0,05). Resultados: A prevalência de bruxismo foi 45,8% e estresse, 37,9%. Não houve associação significativa entre a presença de estresse diagnosticado pelo ISSL e bruxismo (p = 0,815). Entre os alunos com diagnóstico de estresse, 31,6% encontravam-se na fase de resistência. O estresse autorreferido foi associado ao hábito de ranger os dentes (p <0,001). Conclusões: Não foi encontrada associação entre estresse e bruxismo. Apesar disso, a prevalência de bruxismo entre esses estudantes foi considerada alta.

Percepção da qualidade de vida e autoestima após intervenção odontológica e transplante renal: uma série de casos / Quality of life perception and self-esteem after dental intervention and kidney transplantation: a case series

Contexto: a insuficiência renal crônica dá-se quando os rins deixam de desenvolver suas multitarefas com eficácia, levando o paciente à hemodiálise ou transplante renal e a um progressivo desgaste emocionalObjetivo:avaliar percepção da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal e autoestima de pacientes submetidos à hemodiálise, após intervenções odontológicas e transplantes renais. Materiais e Métodos: Oitenta e dois pacientes responderam aos questionários SF-36, OHIP-14 e Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. Destes, 76 passaram por intervenções odontológicas e responderam aos questionários novamente. Após 3 anos, apenas 33 deram continuidade ao estudo. Doze foram transplantados e 10 responderam aos questionários ao final. Resultados:Apenas a autoestima mostrou melhora, com alterações estatisticamente significativas. Conclusão:Tratamento odontológico e transplante renal melhoraram a autoestima dos pacientes. Houve uma tendência de melhora no aspecto social.

Background: Chronic kidney failure occurs when the kidneys fail to perform their multitasking effectively, leading the patient to hemodialysis or kidney transplantation and progressive emotional exhaustionObjective:to evaluate the perception of quality of life related to oral health and self-esteem of patients undergoing hemodialysis, after dental interventions and kidney transplants. Materials and Methods:Eighty-two patients answered the SF-36, OHIP-14 and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale questionnaires. Of these, 76 underwent dental interventions and answered the questionnaires again. After 3 years, only 33 continued the study. Twelve were transplanted and 10 completed the questionnaires. Results:Only self-esteem showed improvement, with statistically significant changes. Conclusion:Dental treatment and kidney transplantation improved patients' self-esteem. There was a trend towards improvement in the social aspect.

Photo-selective shading screens as a cover for production of purple lettuce.

Photo-selective shading screens are emerging practices that aim to combine crop physical protection with different solar radiation filtration to achieve desired physiological responses. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of photo-selective shading screens on the growth and physiology of purple lettuce for two transplanting seasons in tropical climate in Brazil. A 2 × 4 factorial arrangement was used, being considered the first factor, the transplanting season (spring and fall), and the second factor is the three 35% shading photo-selective shading screens (red, black and silver) and full sun control. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications. The variables studied were: total fresh matter, total dry matter, leaf number, stem diameter, stem length, leaf area, SPAD chlorophyll index, nitrogen balance indexes, chlorophyll, flavonoids and anthocyanins. The photo-selective shading screens influenced the microclimate and the growth variables of purple lettuce, mainly when these plants were sown in the fall. Planting lettuce during spring may result in lower yields due to the higher investment of plants in secondary metabolites to defend against abiotic stress. According to the results, photo-selective shading screens are an appropriate agronomic technique to reduce phenolic compounds and improve lettuce cultivation conditions and can be implemented within protected cultivation practices to improve crop performance.

Desarrollo de técnicas microquirúrgicas usando tinción vascular con y sin silicona en placenta humana con modelos craneales 3D / Development of microsurgical techniques using vascular staining with and without silicone in human placenta with 3D cranial models

En las ultimas décadas, ha habido un cambio en la formación en las especialidades quirúrgicas, lo cual ha llevado a plantearse la necesidad de adquisición de habilidades por fuera del quirófano por medio de la simulación. El objetivo de este trabajo es demostrar que el uso de placentas humanas con modelo craneal tridimensional (3D), es un método de alta fidelidad y retroalimentación para el desarrollo de técnicas microquirúrgicas. Se realizó un estudio de evaluación técnica en el Laboratorio de Microcirugía Dr. Evandro de Oliveira del Hospital de la Beneficiencia de Portugal de São Paulo, utilizando 15 placentas con técnicas de coloración y preservación vascular con silicona para moldes; realizando ejercicio de anastomosis vasculares, ejercicios de disección parenquimatosa placentaria que remedan la disección aracnoidea y del valle silviano, además de simulación de resección de tumores. Cualitativamente la placenta humana es un método con alta fidelidad y retroalimentación, además, es de acceso universal para la adquisición de habilidades microquirúrgicas, que asociada a un modelo craneal 3D permite el perfeccionamiento de craneotomías, coordinación visomotriz, propiocepción y relación de profundidad que se requieren para abordajes neuroquirúrgicos.

In the last decades, there has been a change in training in surgical specialties, which has led to the need to acquire skills outside the operating room through simulation. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that the use of human placentas with a three-dimensional (3D) cranial model is a high fidelity and feedback method for the development of microsurgical techniques. A technical evaluation study was carried out in the Dr. Evandro de Oliveira Microsurgery Laboratory of the Hospital de la Beneficiencia de Portugal in São Paulo, using 15 placentas with coloration techniques and vascular preservation with silicone for molds; performing vascular anastomosis, placental parenchymal dissection exercises that mimic arachnoid and sylvian fissure dissection, in addition to simulating tumor resection. Qualitatively, the human placenta is a method with high fidelity and feedback, and it is also universally accessible for the acquisition of microsurgical skills, which, associated with a 3D cranial model, allows the refinement of the craniotomies, visomotor coordination, proprioception, and depth relationship required for neurosurgical approaches.

3-Step didactic white matter dissection of human cerebellum: Micro-neuroanatomical training. / Disección didáctica de fibra blanca en cerebelo humano en tres pasos: entrenamiento microneuroanatómico.

OBJECTIVES: A thorough understanding of cerebellum anatomy is essential in 4th ventricle approaches (more frequent in pediatric neurosurgery), avoiding relevant complications such as cerebellar mutism. The aim of the present work is to show the feasibility of a didactic dissection of human cerebellum focusing on cerebellar peduncles and dentate nucleus (DN), which are structures at high risk during these surgical procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cerebellum was dissected according to the Klingler method for white matter, using standard and specific microsurgery tools. Surgical microscope magnification (x6-x40) provided by a D.F. Vasconcellos M900 was required. A Canon EOS T7 18-55 mm digital camera was used and Adobe Lightroom Classic CC and Keynote were selected as photo enhancing software. Special methods such as LED light endoscopic transillumination were used for photographical reasons. RESULTS: DN dissection was successfully achieved and the relations between these nucleus and the cerebellar peduncles, inferior vermis and medullary velums were described. Through this three steps dissection guide (1. tentorial surface; 2. suboccipital surface; 3. 4th ventricle structures), the most relevant anatomical structures were shown and its implications in different 4th ventricle approaches were characterised. CONCLUSION: 3 D perspective provided by real specimen anatomical dissection is critical for learning neuroanatomy. LED transillumination was shown as a useful technique for the 4th ventricle structures photographic documentation which improves spatial recognition. This benefit can be applied for the study of the relations between the medullary velums and the rhomboid fossa foramina, which are permeable to light. The proposed three-steps dissection guide helps to a better understanding of human cerebellum and to gain self-confidence, allowing safer practice for neurosurgeons in all stages of their career.

Influence of dental treatment on quality of life and self-esteem of hemodialysis-therapy patients

Background: Patients undergoing dialysis treatment have a worse quality of life and have higher rates of malnutrition, inflammation and hospitalization than the general population. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of dental treatment on the quality of life and self-esteem of hemodialysis-therapy patients. Materials and Methods: An interventional study was developed with 27 patients undergoing hemodialysis in Diamantina, Brazil. Initially, patients received a clinical evaluation of a dentist and responded to questionnaires to estimate the quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-36) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) version 14) and self-esteem (Scale Self-Esteem of Rosenberg). After 45 days, the questionnaires were reapplied, and the patients received dental treatment to adapt the oral environment. After the treatment, 45 days were awaited to reapply the questionnaires. Descriptive analyzes were performed, Wilcoxon and Friedman tests were done. The level of significance was set at 5% (p <0.05). Results: Twenty-seven low-income and educated individuals participated in the study, most of whom were men. Hypertension and diabetes were not widely reported systemic diseases. There was statistical significance in SF-36 and OHIP-14 dimensions and improvement of self-esteem. Conclusion: Dental treatment interfered positively with the quality of life and self-esteem of patients undergoing hemodialysis.