[Clinical aspects and treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers]. / Klinik und Therapie chronisch rezidivierender Aphthen.

Recurrent aphthous ulcers are the most common inflammatory lesions of the oral mucosa, occurring in up to 10% of the population and even more common in children. The history, morphological characteristics, predilection sides and typical stages of aphthae help to distinguish them from other diseases that may exhibit aphthous-like lesions. Underlying diseases should be excluded. The main goals of therapy are to minimize pain and functional disabilities as well as decrease frequency and severity of recurrences. Topical symptomatic relief is the standard of care for simple cases of recurrent aphthosis. In cases of major aphthosis or systemic involvement, topical therapies are still useful but should be combined with systemic therapy, such as colchicine, pentoxifylline or prednisolone. In case of Adamantiades-Behçet disease, systemic immunomodulatory drugs can inhibit the development of new lesions. This overview summarizes morphological and presentation forms of aphthae, differential diagnoses and evidence-based therapeutic possibilities.

[The anxiolytic action of phenoxypropanolamine derivatives in comparison with propranolol, diazepam and placebo]. / Zur anxiolytischen Wirkung eines Phenoxypropanolamin-Derivates im Vergleich zu Propranolol, Diazepam und Plazebo.

The hypothesis that the phenoxypropanolamine derivative CGP 361 A possesses anxiolytic activity was examined in 80 female healthy volunteers. Each volunteer received the treatment under double-blind conditions as part of a 1-way analysis of variance design. The medication factor had 4 levels (CGP 361 A, propranolol, diazepam and placebo). Stress was induced by asking subjects to deliver a free speech in front of a video camera. The anxiety was measured using adjectives list, state-trait-anxiety inventory and visual analogue scales. The physiological equivalents observed were pulse rate and skin resistance. The results support the hypothesis that a single dose of 10 mg CGP 361 A has a higher anxiolytic effect than 10 mg propranolol, 5 mg diazepam and placebo, with the peripheral beta-blocking effects (established by pulse rate) being no stronger than with propranolol. No subjective or objective sedation has been determined under the different drug conditions.

[Magnetic resonance tomography and safety. Electroencephalographic and neuropsychologic findings before and after MR studies of the brain]. / Magnetresonanztomographie und Sicherheit. Elektroenzephalographische und neuropsychologische Befunde vor und nach MR-Untersuchungen des Gehirns.

The influence of MR on the EEG and neuropsychological functions was investigated. An EEG was done in 8 of 20 patients before and after 0.5 Tesla MRI. Computerized EEG analysis showed no significant differences in respect of the dominant frequency and the power spectrum. The memory functions of 12 patients were investigated by clinically proven neuropsychological tests before and after MRI (0.5 and 1.5 tesla). The results demonstrated no measurable influence of MRI on cognitive functions.