RESUMEN
We studied the profile of miRNA secreted into culture medium by DU145 prostate cancer cells and identified a subset of miRNAs characterized by the absence of correlation of their content in the cell and medium, which is likely a result of specific secretion. Three of these miRNA, hsa-miR-4417, hsa-miR-3175, and hsa-miR-6782-5p, exhibit the highest expression and are candidate circulating biomarkers for metastatic activity of prostate cancer. Two of these miRNA are coded by introns of genes linked with genome stability maintenance and chromatin remodeling regulation.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , MicroARNs/genética , Próstata/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Medios de Cultivo/química , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Inestabilidad Genómica , Humanos , Intrones , Masculino , Invasividad Neoplásica , Próstata/patologíaRESUMEN
We analyzed microRNA profile in hemolysis-free blood plasma of patients with prostatic cancer. The metastatic form of prostatic cancer was found to be associated with increased levels of hsa-miR-22-3p, hsa-miR-663a, and hsa-miR-4674 in comparison with non-metastatic form. Common candidate target genes of these microRNA include JUNB, KMT2A, and XPO6.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , MicroARNs/sangre , Neoplasias de la Próstata Resistentes a la Castración/sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Hemólisis , Humanos , Masculino , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Neoplasias de la Próstata Resistentes a la Castración/patologíaRESUMEN
Peripheral blood plasma profiles of circulating microRNA expression were analyzed in patients with prostatic cancer and benign hyperplasia. In prostatic cancer, significant increase in hsa-miR-619-5p and hsa-miR-1184 microRNA expression and significant decrease in hsalet-7b-5p and hsa-let-7c-5p microRNA expression were observed. The role of the relationship between the microRNA expression and the activities and functions of host genes with introns encoding these microRNA is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , MicroARNs/sangre , Hiperplasia Prostática/sangre , Neoplasias de la Próstata/sangre , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Hiperplasia Prostática/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Próstata/diagnósticoRESUMEN
Molecule L1CAM is specific for nerve cells and tumors of various localizations. The expression of L1CAM is significantly higher in melanoma in comparison with benign nevi and correlates with the progress of melanoma and transition from radial to vertical growth. Monoclonal antibodies to L1CAM effectively and specifically attenuate melanoma growth, though stimulates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. shRNA-mediated knock-down of L1CAM showed the involvement of L1CAM in regulation of activity of the canonical Wnt pathway and expression of genes of class I melanoma-associated antigens (MAGE).
Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Neoplasias/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Molécula L1 de Adhesión de Célula Nerviosa/fisiología , Vía de Señalización Wnt , Antígenos de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Expresión Génica , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Melanoma/genética , Melanoma/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismoRESUMEN
We analyzed the effect of hemolysis on microRNA profi le of blood plasma. It was found that hemolysis of ~0.05% erythrocytes in a sample signifi cantly affected the concentration of 9 microRNA: hsa-miR-486-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-451a, hsa-miR-106a-5p, hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-93-5p, hsa-miR-20a-5p, hsa-miR-107, and hsa-miR-20b-5p. The effect of hemolysis on plasma content of miR-17 family microRNA was demonstrated.
Asunto(s)
MicroARNs/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Hemólisis , HumanosRESUMEN
Genes with significant differential expression are traditionally used to reveal the genetic background underlying phenotypic differences between cancer cells. We hypothesized that informative marker sets can be obtained by combining genes with a relatively low degree of individual differential expression. We developed a method for construction of highly informative gene combinations aimed at the maximization of the cumulative informative power and identified sets of 2-5 genes efficiently predicting recurrence for ER-positive breast cancer patients. The gene combinations constructed on the basis of microarray data were successfully applied to data acquired by RNA-seq. The developed method provides the basis for the generation of highly efficient prognostic and predictive gene signatures for cancer and other diseases. The identified gene sets can potentially reveal novel essential segments of gene interaction networks and pathways implied in cancer progression.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/genética , Transcriptoma , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Femenino , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Humanos , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , Receptores de Estrógenos/genética , Receptores de Estrógenos/metabolismoRESUMEN
We studied the effect of transfection of PC-3 prostate cancer cells with a plasmid encoding shRNA complimentary to a fragment of integrin ß4 (ITGB4). The results attest to considerable changes in the transcriptome of transfected cells. For instance, compensatory changes in the expression of integrin family genes were found.
Asunto(s)
Integrina beta4/metabolismo , Receptores Inmunológicos/metabolismo , Receptores de Péptidos/metabolismo , Animales , Línea Celular Tumoral , Expresión Génica , Técnicas de Silenciamiento del Gen , Humanos , Cadenas beta de Integrinas/genética , Cadenas beta de Integrinas/metabolismo , Integrina beta4/genética , Masculino , Ratones , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Neoplasias de la Próstata , Interferencia de ARN , ARN Interferente Pequeño/genéticaRESUMEN
Nuclease resistant extracellular miRNAs have been found in all known biological fluids. The biological function of extracellular miRNAs remains questionable; however, strong evidence suggests that these miRNAs can be more than just byproducts of cellular activity. Some extracellular miRNA species might carry cell-cell signaling function during various physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we discuss the state-of-the-art in the field of intercellular miRNA transport and highlight current theories regarding the origin and the biological function of extracellular miRNAs.