Simultaneous Determination of Ethanol and Methanol in Wines Using FTIR and PLS Regression.

Accurate quantification of ethanol and methanol is essential for regulatory compliance and product quality assurance. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) offers rapid, non-destructive analysis with minimal sample preparation, making it a promising tool for wine analysis. In this exploratory study, the use of FTIR and PLS regression for the simultaneous quantification of ethanol and methanol in wine samples of 11 different Portuguese mono-varietal wines and different vintages deriving from the same winery in Lisbon was investigated. A model was developed, demonstrating the feasibility of FTIR and PLS regression for the simultaneous quantification of ethanol and methanol in wine samples through dedicated models; it showed good prediction capacity for ethanol determination but poorer performance for methanol quantification. The model could be reliable enough for quality control in wine production, but to improve its performance should be enhanced in the future with more samples from different origins, wine types, and a wider concentration range in the case of methanol.

Bioavailability profiling shows differences in OA, DTX1 and DTX2 toxins that justify their toxicity.

The marine toxins of the Okadaic acid (OA) group are natural compounds produced by dinoflagellates that enters the food chain by accumulating in seafood. They are responsible for Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) events in humans over the world and therefore are also jointly named as Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxins (DSTs). The main objective of this study was to evaluate symptoms, toxicity, absorption, distribution, and elimination of OA, Dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1), and Dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX2) at the sublethal dose of 90 µg toxin/kg bw administered through voluntary feeding to mice. The toxin comparison highlighted that OA and DTX1 induced more severe and specific symptoms such as diarrhea. After oral ingestion toxins were distributed through the entire organism being detected in liver, kidney, stomach, small and large intestine. Predominant excretion of the toxins was observed in feces, with OA exhibiting fast elimination, while DTX2 was showing prolonged excretion. The passage and accumulation of toxins in gastrointestinal organs instigated macroscopic damage in the stomach, small and large intestine that could persist up to 120 h. These findings highlight the importance of pharmacokinetic of sublethal doses of DSTs administered by voluntary feeding in their toxicity and their implication for public health.

Psychometric Properties and Gender Invariance of the Portuguese (European) Version of the Aging Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Scale.

The sexuality of older people was understood as non-existent or as something outside the prevailing norm. In this sense, analysing people's sexual knowledge and attitudes towards older people is a challenge for theory and practice. The aim of this study is to translate and validate the Aging Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Scale (ASKAS) for the Portuguese population. A sample of 994 Portuguese adults (70.9% women, n = 705) completed the ASKAS-PT along with a series of self-report measures. Confirmatory factor analysis and the psychometric properties of the Portuguese (European) version of ASKAS-PT were investigated, particularly reliability, temporal stability, and convergent and critical validity. This study also examined the gender measurement invariance of the ASKAS-PT. After confirmatory factor analysis, a two-factor model fit the Portuguese version best. Reliability and validity results also showed good results, and the ASKAS-PT appears to be a gender-invariant measure. Overall, the Portuguese version of the ASKAS showed good psychometric properties and appears to be a valid and reliable measure for assessing knowledge and attitudes about aging.

Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and their current use in clinical research and practice.

While blood-based tests are readily available for various conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and common cancers, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases lack an early blood-based screening test that can be used in primary care. Major efforts have been made towards the investigation of approaches that may lead to minimally invasive, cost-effective, and reliable tests capable of measuring brain pathological status. Here, we review past and current technologies developed to investigate biomarkers of AD, including novel blood-based approaches and the more established cerebrospinal fluid and neuroimaging biomarkers of disease. The utility of blood as a source of AD-related biomarkers in both clinical practice and interventional trials is discussed, supported by a comprehensive list of clinical trials for AD drugs and interventions that list biomarkers as primary or secondary endpoints. We highlight that identifying individuals in early preclinical AD using blood-based biomarkers will improve clinical trials and the optimization of therapeutic treatments as they become available. Lastly, we discuss challenges that remain in the field and address new approaches being developed, such as the examination of cargo packaged within extracellular vesicles of neuronal origin isolated from peripheral blood.

Ferrier Glycosylation Mediated by the TEMPO Oxoammonium Cation.

The TEMPO oxoammonium cation has been proven to be both an efficient oxidizing reagent and an electrophilic substrate frequently found in organic reactions. Here, we report that this versatile chemical reagent can also be used as an efficient promoter for C- and N-glycosylation reactions through a Ferrier rearrangement with moderate to high yields. This unprecedented reactivity is explained in terms of a Lewis acid activation of glycal by TEMPO+ forming a type of glycal-TEMPO+ mesomeric structure, which occurs through an extended vinylogous hyperconjugation toward the π*(O═N+) orbital [LP(O1) → π*(C1═C2), π*(C1═C2) → σ*(C3-O3), and LP(O6) → π*(O═N+)]. This enables the formation of the respective Ferrier glycosyl cation, which is trapped by various nucleophiles. The extended hyperconjugation (or double hyperconjugation) toward the π*(O═N+) orbital, which confers the Lewis acid character of the TEMPO cation, was supported by natural bond orbital analysis at the M06-2X/6-311+G** level of theory.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increase Resistance Against Ventricular Arrhythmias Provoked in Rats with Myocardial Infarction.

This study evaluated the role of the mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (MSCs) in provoked ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in animals with myocardial infarction (MI). The experimental groups were: sham, subjected to sham surgery and intramyocardial saline injection; MIV, infarcted rats subjected to intramyocardial saline injection; MI + MSCs, infarcted rats subjected to intramyocardial MSCs injection. Injections were performed two days after infarction and the arrhythmogenic inducibility experiment was performed the next day. Only 35% of the MI + MSCs group developed VAs, while the one in the MIV group was 65%. The proportion of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, sustained tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation was similar between the infarcted groups, but MSCs animals had shorter duration of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. However, MSCs increased connexin 43 content in the remote area, even above the levels found in the sham group. MSCs prevented the increase of IL-1ß in the different areas of the myocardium. There was higher carbonylation and content of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE, a marker of lipoperoxidation) in the myocardium of infarcted rats, but MSCs attenuated the increase of 4-HNE in the infarcted area. In conclusion, MSCs have a protective effect against the development of arrhythmias, but do not imply a significant benefit for animals that have developed VAs. It is possible to think that the cardioprotection of MSCs involves anti-inflammatory/oxidative actions and improvement in the formation of communicating junctions.Graphical abstract.

Designing type V deep eutectic solvents with antimalarial pharmaceutical ingredients.

This work studies the formation of deep eutectic solvents formed by one active pharmaceutical ingredient (quinine, pyrimethamine, or 2-phenylimidazopyridine) and a second component potentially acting as an excipient (betaine, choline chloride, tetramethylammonium chloride, thymol, menthol, gallic acid, vanillin, acetovanillone, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, syringaldehyde, propyl gallate, propylparaben, or butylated hydroxyanisole), aiming to address challenges regarding drug solubility, bioavailability, and permeability. A preliminary screening was carried out using the thermodynamic model COSMO-RS, narrowing down the search to three promising excipients (thymol, propyl gallate, and butylated hydroxyanisole). Nine solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE) phase diagrams were experimentally measured combining the three model drugs with the screened excipients, and using a combination of a visual melting method and differential scanning calorimetry. Negative deviations from thermodynamic ideality were observed in all nine systems. Furthermore, a total of four new cocrystals were found, with powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques being employed to verify their unique diffraction patterns. In the thermodynamic modelling of the SLE diagrams, two COSMO-RS parametrizations (TZVP and TZVPD-FINE) were also applied, though neither consistently delivered a better description over the other.

Free-Standing, Water-Resistant, and Conductivity-Enhanced PEDOT:PSS Films from In Situ Polymerization of 3-Hydroxymethyl-3-Methyl-Oxetane.

Free-standing films based on conducting polymers, such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), offer many benefits over traditional metal electrodes for applications in flexible electronics. However, to ensure structural integrity when contacting aqueous environments and high levels of electrical conductivity, solution-processed polymers require additives that act as crosslinking agents and conductivity enhancers. In this work, a new approach is presented to fabricate water-resistant free-standing films of PEDOT:PSS and simultaneously increase their conductivity, using an oxetane compound as an additive. It is shown that at moderate temperatures, oxetane polymerizes within the PEDOT:PSS acidic medium, forming hydroxymethyl-substituted polyether compounds that form a network upon crosslinking with PSS. The polymer composite films show self-sustainability, structural stability in aqueous environments, and enhanced conductivity. Finally, the potential of the free-standing films as health-monitoring electrodes, specifically for human electrocardiography, is explored.

VV-ECMO in critical COVID-19 obese patients: a cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Obesity causes significant difficulties in successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support and may interfere with patient outcomes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we experienced an increased number of obese patients supported with ECMO in our intensive care unit due to severe illness in this population. METHODS: We designed a single-center retrospective study to identify prognostic factors for 180-day survival in obese critical COVID-19 patients receiving venovenous ECMO (VV-ECMO). We included adult critical COVID-19 patients on VV-ECMO, who were obese and overweight (according to the World Health Organization) and admitted to a tertiary hospital's intensive care unit from April 1, 2020, to May 31, 2022. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess differences in 180-day mortality. RESULTS: Forty-one patients were included. The median age was 55 (IQR 45-60) years, and 70.7% of the patients were male. The median body mass index (BMI) was 36 (IQR 31-42.5) kg/m2; 39% of patients had a BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2. The participants had 3 (IQR 1.5-4) days of mechanical ventilation prior to ECMO, and 63.4% were weaned from VV-ECMO support after a median of 19 (IQR 10-34) days. The median ICU length of stay was 31.9 (IQR 17.5-44.5) days. The duration of mechanical ventilation was 30 (IQR 19-49.5) days. The 180-day mortality rate was 41.5%. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a higher BMI was associated with greater 180-day survival (OR 1.157 [1.038-1.291], p = 0.009). Younger age, female sex, less invasive ventilation time before ECMO, and fewer complications at the time of ECMO cannulation were associated with greater 180-day survival [OR 0.858 (0.774-0.953), p 0.004; OR 0.074 (0.008-0.650), p 0.019; OR 0.612 (0.401-0.933), p 0.022; OR 0.13 (0.03-0.740), p 0.022), respectively]. CONCLUSION: In this retrospective cohort of critical COVID-19 obese adult patients supported by VV-ECMO, a higher BMI, younger age, and female sex were associated with greater 180-day survival. A shorter invasive ventilation time before ECMO and fewer complications at ECMO cannulation were also associated with increased survival.

Examining the impact of varying low-level laser dose on cardiac failure.

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been targeted as a promising tool that can mitigate post-infarction cardiac remodeling. However, there is no gold standard energy delivered to the heart and few studies have evaluated the impact of LLLT on cardiac performance. This study evaluated effects of repeated LLLT applications with different energies delivered to the infarcted myocardium. Echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements were applied to evaluate left ventricular (LV) performance in rats with large infarcts. ELISA, Western blot and biochemical assays were used to assess LV inflammation and oxidative stress. An 830-nm Laser Photon III semiconductor aluminum gallium arsenide diode (DMC, São Carlos, SP, Brazil) was applied transthoracically three times a week for 4 weeks based on the energy (i.e., 10J, 20J, and 40J; respectively). LLLT on 10J and 20J had a similar action in attenuating pulmonary congestion and myocardial fibrosis. Moreover, 10J and 20J attenuated LV end-diastolic pressure and improved +dP/dt and -dP/dt. All LLLT groups had lower levels of inflammatory mediators, but only the 10J group had normalized oxidative stress. All LLLT doses improved superoxide dismutase levels; however, only the 20J group showed a high content of the catalase. There was a lower level of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2a in the infarcted myocardium, which it was normalized in the 20J and 40J groups. A higher phospholamban content was found in the 10J group. This study supports the beneficial LLLT role post-infarction. Apparently, the 10J and 20J doses show to be chosen for clinical translation.

Left bundle branch block cardiomyopathy (LBBB-CMP): from the not-so-benign finding of idiopathic LBBB to LBBB-CMP diagnosis and treatment.

Introduction Idiopathic left bundle branch block (iLBBB) is an uncommon finding. Its benignity has been increasingly questioned, though its natural history remains poorly clarified. Similarly, LBBB-cardiomyopathy (LBBB-CM) has been also increasingly recognized as a distinct entity, where electromechanical dyssynchrony seems to play a central role in left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) development. Still, it remains a scarcely studied topic. There is an urgent need for investigation and evidence reinforcement in these areas. OBJECTIVES: two main objectives: (1) to explore the natural history of "asymptomatic" iLBBB carriers; (2) to characterize the outcomes and therapeutic approach used in a "real-world" cohort of possible LBBB-CMP patients (pts). METHODS: tertiary care centre retrospective study of pts with iLBBB and possible LBBB-CMP, screened from a large hospital electrocardiographic database from 2011 to 2017 (LBBB = 347). To assign the 1st objective, only pts with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50% and available follow-up (FU) data were included (n = 152). Regarding the 2nd objective, possible LBBB-CMP pts were selected and defined as iLBBB pts with LVD (LVEF < 50%) and no secondary causes for LVD (n = 53). Data were based on pts' careful review of medical records. RESULTS: focusing our 1st objective, 152 iLBBB carriers were identified. Median FU time were 8 years, and 61% were female. During FU, approximately 25% developed LVD, 20% needed ≥ 1 cardiovascular (CV) hospitalization, and 15% needed a cardiac device implantation. The majority (2/3) of pts with LVD on FU (n = 35) had no secondary causes for LVD, being classified as possible LBBB-CMP pts. Time-to-LVD analysis showed no differences between pts with a known cause for LVD vs LBBB-CMP pts (Log-rank = 0.713). Concerning the 2nd objective, 53 possible LBBB-CMP pts were identified. Median FU time were 10 years, and 51% were female. During the FU, 77% presented heart failure (HF) symptoms, and 42% needed ≥ 1 CV hospitalization, mainly due to HF. Half presented severe LVD at some point in time, and 55% needed a cardiac device, most of them a cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device. Comparing CRT with non-CRT pts, no differences were found in terms of medical therapy, but better outcomes were observed in CRT group: LVEF improvement was higher (median LVEF improvement of 11% in non-CRT vs 27% in CRT; p < 0.001), and fully recovery from LVD was more frequent (50% of CRT vs 14% non-CRT; p = 0.028). CONCLUSION: our data strengthen current evidence on natural history of iLBBB, showing significant CV morbidity associated with the presence of iLBBB, and reinforces the need for a serial and proper FU of these carriers. Our data on "real-world" possible LBBB-CMP pts shows high rates of CV events, namely HF-related events, and supports the growing evidence pointing out CRT as this subgroup of pts' cornerstone of treatment. In conclusion, our work sheds additional light on these largely unknown topics and underlines the urgent need for larger and prospective studies addressing the identification of LVD development predictors in iLBBB carriers, as well as the establishment of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic approach for LBBB-CMP.

An Intramyocardial Mass Mimicking ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarct at Presentation.

ST-segment elevation on the electrocardiogram typically indicates acute myocardial infarction but can mimic ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in various conditions. We present a case of a patient with an intramyocardial mass and anterior ST-segment elevation without significant myocardial biomarker elevation. Multimodality imaging was crucial in revealing cardiac metastasis as the attributable cause.

Cereal bar enriched with ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Miller): physicochemical and sensory characterization.

Ora-pro-nobis (OPN) is an unconventional food plant with high nutritional value, and its nutritional composition can be altered according to cultivation. Cereal bars are a popular nutrient-poor foods, and OPN could be incorporated to improve the nutritional quality. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics and sensory acceptability of cereal bars enriched with OPN flour (OpnF) from different forms of cultivation. OpnF was obtained by dehydrating and grinding OPN leaves collected in rural (ROpnF) and urban (UOpnF) municipalities. Two formulations of cereal bars, peanut flavor (Bpn) and mango flavor (Bmg), each with 10% OpnF, were prepared. The macronutrients and mineral composition, oxalate content, water activity, texture, color profile, and acceptability were evaluated. ROpnF had the highest protein, iron, and manganese content, whereas UOpnF had the highest ash and magnesium content. The oxalic acid/calcium ratio was 1.43 and did not imply calcium bioavailability. In addition to nutritional and protein values, Bpn and Bmg presented a good sensory acceptability index of > 77.5% with market potential. Bmg has the highest mineral content and is a source of iron, manganese, and magnesium. OpnF can be used in cereal bars and potentially improve nutritional attributes and used in other foods in a similar way.

Peach Palm Fruit (Bactris gasipaes) Peel: A Source of Provitamin A Carotenoids to Develop Emulsion-Based Delivery Systems.

The peach palm fruit (Bactris gasipaes) peel is a byproduct after fruit consumption. The peel flour of two varieties (yellow and red) was separately obtained by hot air drying and was subsequently milled. The proximate analysis showed that the red variety exhibited higher protein, fat, and fiber contents than the yellow one. A higher carotenoid (836.5 ± 24.5 µg/g), phenolic compounds (83.17 ± 1.76 mg GAE/100 g), and provitamin A activity (33.10 ± 0.83 µg retinol/g) were found in the cooked red variety. The carotenoid and phenolic compositions were analyzed by HPLC-PDA-MS, finding ß-carotene and γ-carotene to be major compounds. The effect of thermal treatment increased the amount of these provitamin A carotenoids and lycopene, which were detected only in the red variety. Among phenolic compounds, procyanidin dimer (isomer I), feruloyl quinic acid, and several apigenin C-hexosides were identified as major constituents of peach palm epicarp. A carotenoid-rich emulsion-based delivery system was obtained after the optimization (RSM model) of carotenoid extraction with ultraturrax and sunflower oil and further development of an ultrasound-assisted emulsion. The best conditions for a stable emulsion were 73.75% water, 25% carotenoid-rich oil extract, 1.25% emulsifiers, and 480 W of ultrasonic power for 5 min. The optimized emulsion had a total carotenoid content of 67.61 µg/g, Provitamin A activity of 3.23 ± 0.56 µg RAE/g, droplet size of 502.23 nm, polydispersity index of 0.170, and zeta potential of -32.26 mV. This emulsion was chemically and physically stable for 35 days at 30 ± 2 °C, showing potential as a food additive with biofunctional properties. The strategy here developed is an economical and environmentally friendly process that allows the reuse of the byproduct of B. gasipaes.

Prospects and challenges in using neuronal extracellular vesicles in biomarker research.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold promise as a source of disease biomarkers. The diverse molecular cargo of EVs can potentially indicate the status of their tissue of origin, even against the complex background of whole plasma. The main tools currently available for assessing biomarkers of brain health include brain imaging and analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid of patients. Given the costs and difficulties associated with these methods, isolation of EVs of neuronal origin (NEVs) from the blood is an attractive approach to identify brain-specific biomarkers. This perspective describes current key challenges in EV- and NEV-based biomarker research. These include the relative low abundance of EVs, the lack of validated isolation methods, and the difficult search for an adequate target for immunocapturing NEVs. We discuss that these challenges must be addressed before NEVs can fulfill their potential for biomarker research. HIGHLIGHTS: NEVs are promising sources of biomarkers for brain disorders. Immunocapturing NEVs from complex biofluids presents several challenges. The choice of surface target for capture will determine NEV yield. Contamination by non-EV sources is relevant for biomarkers at low concentrations.

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) isolates obtained from non-diarrheic children carry virulence factor-encoding genes from Extraintestinal Pathogenic E. Coli (ExPEC).

Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) is one of the most frequent pathogens isolated from diarrheal patients as well as from healthy individuals in Brazil and has recently also been implicated as an extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) associated with bloodstream and urinary tract infections. In this study, 37 EAEC isolates, obtained from fecal samples of non-diarrheic children, were molecularly and phenotypically characterized to access the pathogenic features of these isolates. The EAEC isolates were assigned into the phylogroups A (54.1%), D (29.7%), B1 (13.5%) and B2 (2.7%); and harbored genes responsible for encoding the major pilin subunit of the aggregative adherence fimbriae (AAFs) or aggregate-forming pili (AFP) adhesins as follows: aggA (24.3%), agg3A (5.4%), agg4A (27.0%), agg5A (32.4%) and afpA (10.8%). The most frequent O:H serotypes were O15:H2 (8.1%), O38:H25 (5.4%) and O86:H2 (5.4%). Twenty-one isolates (56.8%) produce the aggregative adherence (AA) pattern on HeLa cells, and biofilm formation was more efficient among EAEC isolates harboring the aggA and agg5A genes. PFGE analysis showed that 31 (83.8%) of the isolates were classified into 10 distinct clusters, which reinforces the high diversity found among the isolates studied. Of note, 40.5% (15/37) of the EAEC isolates have a genetic profile compatible with E. coli isolates with intrinsic potential to cause extraintestinal infections in healthy individuals, and therefore, classified as EAEC/ExPEC hybrids. In conclusion, we showed the presence of EAEC/ExPEC hybrids in the intestinal microbiota of non-diarrheic children, possibly representing the source of some endogenous extraintestinal infections.

In vivo mRNA expression of a multi-mechanistic mAb combination protects against Staphylococcus aureus infection.

Single monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can be expressed in vivo through gene delivery of their mRNA formulated with lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). However, delivery of a mAb combination could be challenging due to the risk of heavy and light variable chain mispairing. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics of a three mAb combination against Staphylococcus aureus first in single chain variable fragment scFv-Fc and then in immunoglobulin G 1 (IgG1) format in mice. Intravenous delivery of each mRNA/LNP or the trio (1 mg/kg each) induced functional antibody expression after 24 h (10-100 µg/mL) with 64%-78% cognate-chain paired IgG expression after 3 days, and an absence of non-cognate chain pairing for scFv-Fc. We did not observe reduced neutralizing activity for each mAb compared with the level of expression of chain-paired mAbs. Delivery of the trio mRNA protected mice in an S. aureus-induced dermonecrosis model. Intravenous administration of the three mRNA in non-human primates achieved peak serum IgG levels ranging between 2.9 and 13.7 µg/mL with a half-life of 11.8-15.4 days. These results suggest nucleic acid delivery of mAb combinations holds promise and may be a viable option to streamline the development of therapeutic antibodies.

Antimicrobial Potential of Chitosan Films Incorporated with Alcoholic Extract from Mimosa tenuiflora Leaves.

Antimicrobial films were prepared with chitosan containing the methanolic extract of M. tenuiflora leaves (FECT20%, FECT30%, and FECT40%), and their antimicrobial activities were evaluated by agar diffusion. The films were characterized by IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and TG/DTG curves. TG/DTG curves showed thermal stability of chitosan-extract films up to 166 ºC. Micrographs of chitosan-extract films revealed an increase in porosity with the addition of extract. The FECT40% film showed inhibition zone diameters (IZ) against Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and B. cereus, ranging from 1.0 ± 0.02 to 0.72 ± 0.09 cm. Only FECT30% and FECT40% inhibited the P. aeruginosa with IZs of 0.68 ± 0.02 and 0.77 ± 0.06 cm, respectively. In turn, the extract showed inhibition against B. subtilis and B. cereus, with IZs values of 0.92 ± 0.2 cm and 0.72 ± 0.05 cm, respectively. Additionally, the crude extract presented antioxidant potential with inhibition percentages of 32.74% ± 0.90 for ABTS and 27.04% ± 1.36 for DPPH. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the crude extract, as well as the antimicrobial property of chitosan-extract films, suggests the potential of these biopolymers for the development of wound healing bandages and new food packaging alternatives.

Endoscopic transmural resection as an alternative to colorectal surgery after high-risk (non-curative) endoscopic resection.

Endoscopic full-thickness resection (eFTR) is an emerging technique that enables effective and safe management of complex colorectal lesions. The full-thickness resection device (FTRD®, Ovesco, Germany) has primarily been used for non-exposed transmural resection of challenging subepithelial or epithelial lesions, where conventional methods may be limited. This technique represents an alternative to surgery in selected patients, and its applications are rapidly expanding. In recent years, eFTR has been described as an alternative to surgery for scars aiming to exclude residual tumors after non-curative endoscopic resection. We present a case of a 41-year-old woman with Lynch syndrome (dMLH1) with rectal adenocarcinoma at the age of 20 underwent anterior resection of the rectum and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. At the age of 39, during endoscopic surveillance, she presented with a suspicious lesion (Paris 0-Is+IIa, NICE2, JNET2B) measuring 16mm in the hepatic angle, and underwent en bloc endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). Histopathological analysis revealed a low-grade invasive adenocarcinoma with lymphoid stroma with deep invasion of the submucosa and resection margin involvement (vertical R1). After a multidisciplinary team discussion, complementary surgery was proposed but the patient refused, opting for close endoscopic and imaging surveillance. Two subsequent colonoscopies plus computed tomography (CT) scans showed no signs of macro or microscopic residual or recurrent tumor, even after extensive biopsies of the colonic scar. However, a CT scan 20months post-resection showed a de novo 2cm thickening of the parietal wall in the hepatic angle, consistent with the location of the previous endoscopic resection. Suspecting deep parietal tumor recurrence without superficial endoscopic findings, a transmural endoscopic resection using FTRD® of the EMR scar was performed, whose histology revealed no transparietal tumor recurrence.

Corrigendum: In-contest body acceleration profiles for the judo male and female weight divisions.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1372314.].