Maternal characteristics, home environment, and other factors associated with traumatic dental injuries in preschool children.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The importance of external factors such as maternal and home characteristics on traumatic dental injuries needs to be investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between maternal and home characteristics and dental trauma in preschool children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study using a cluster random sample evaluated children between 3 and 4 years of age from Porto Alegre, Brazil. Mothers completed the Brazilian version of the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories (BDI and BAI). They answered questions about sociodemographics, maternal behaviors, and home characteristics. Dental trauma was assessed by the Children's Dental Health Survey criteria. Malocclusion and deleterious habits were also assessed. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to investigate the association of exploratory variables with different categories of dental trauma. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 163 pairs of children and mothers agreed to participate (78.4% response rate). The prevalence of dental trauma was 49.8%. Mother's work outside the home, overjet, and anterior crossbite were associated with the occurrence of enamel trauma, while having a younger mother, families having more siblings, and having a mother with university education were associated with increased odds of dentin/pulp trauma. CONCLUSION: Depression and anxiety in the mothers were not associated with dental trauma, while malocclusion characteristics were more relevant for less severe, enamel trauma. Socioeconomic and home environment characteristics played a role in more severe, dentin/pulp trauma.

Impact of Early Childhood Caries and Maternal Behaviors on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Children

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the impact of early childhood caries, maternal behaviors and associated factors on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of preschool children. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 163 preschool children aged 3-4 old from Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. Mothers completed the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) and answered questions about sociodemographic and maternal behaviors characteristics. The severity of dental caries was assessed by ICDAS criteria for evaluated early childhood caries (ECC). A Poisson regression model was used to investigate the association of ECC and associated factors on OHRQoL. Results: A total of 91.4% of preschooler children was ECC (ICDAS ≥ 1). Mean ECOHIS function domain and parental anxiety domain scores were significantly higher in children with dental caries (p<0.05). The adjusted Poisson regression model showed that household income, maternal education, mother's job status and breastfeeding time was significantly associated with ECOHIS scores. Regarding oral conditions, child caries experience was associated with worsening child and family quality of life (RR 2.21; 95% IC: 1.43-3.41). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that ECC, socioeconomic and maternal behaviors characteristics influence children's OHRQoL.

The Role of Mother's Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices in Dental Caries on Vulnerably Preschool Children

Abstract Objective: To analyze the association between Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and mother´s knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study included a random sample of 163 preschool children aged 3-4 old in southern Brazil. The severity of dental caries and ECC was assessed by ICDAS criteria, while mothers completed the semi-structured questionnaire (KAP-ECC). Maternal behavior characteristics and answered questions about socioeconomic and demographic variables. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association of exploratory variables with ECC. For this approach, we calculated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% IC). Results: Dental examinations revealed that 91.4% of children presented ECC (ICDAS = 3, 4, 5 or 6). Among those children, 31.9% presented cavities (ICDAS ≥ 3). Family income was significantly associated with the presence of ECC (OR 2.17; 95% CI: 1.41-3.36). Regarding KAP-ECC, mothers have knowledge related to ECC etiology, reported dental hygiene attitudes and practices that can prevent ECC but reported less healthy attitudes and practices regarding child's diet, specifically with respect to bottle and breastfeeding habits (OR 0.52; 95% CI: 0.33-0.81). Conclusion: ECC was more frequent in children from low-income families and whose mothers reported the belief that milk with chocolate does not contribute to caries and that disagreed that it is normal that a 2-year-old baby wakes up during the night to suckle. That is, good knowledge toward health habits may impact on lower occurrence of ECC; however, this condition also depends on the socioeconomic level.

A experiência com a Metodologia IRDI em creches: pré-venir um sujeito / IRDI methodology in daycare: prevention for a subject / L’expérience avec la méthode IRDI dans les crèches : prévenir un sujet / Una experiencia con la metodología IRDI en guarderías infantiles: prevenir un sujeto / Die Erfahrungen mit der IRDI Methode in Kinderkrippen: ein Subjekt vorbeugen

A Metodologia IRDI é um dispositivo de avaliação e acompanhamento de bebês de zero a 18 meses na sua constituição psíquica. Foi construído a partir de quatro operações constitutivas: suposição do sujeito, estabelecimento da demanda, alternância presença/ausência e função paterna — que aparecem na relação do bebê com o cuidador. Este artigo visa relatar uma intervenção realizada em uma creche municipal com um bebê de 10 meses que estava com dificuldades na sua constituição psíquica, caracterizado pela ausência dos indicadores esperados e que se presentificaram a partir da intervenção.

IRDI methodology (Clinical Risk Indicators in Child Development) is a tool for the assessment and monitoring of the psychic constitution of babies from age zero to 18 months. It was established based on four constitutive operations: assumption of the subject, establishment of demand, presence/absence alternation, and paternal function — which all appear in the baby’s relationship with caregivers. This paper reports an intervention carried out in a municipal daycare center with a 10-month baby suffering from psychic constitution problems, as characterized by the absence of expected indicators that appeared following the intervention.

La méthode IRDI (facteurs de risque du développement de l’enfant) est un dispositif qui permet d’évaluer et de suivre les bébés de zéro à 18 mois quant à leur constitution psychique. Cette méthode est basée sur quatre opérations constitutives: la supposition du sujet, l’établissement de la demande, l’alternance présence/absence et la fonction paternelle — qui surgissent dans le rapport du bébé avec son soignant. Cet article a pour but de faire le rapport d’une intervention réalisée dans une crèche municipale sur un bébé de 10 mois qui présentait des difficultés dans sa constitution psychique, caractérisée par l’absence des indicateurs attendus et qui se sont manifestés qu’après l’intervention.

La metodología IRDI (indicadores de riesgo para el desarrollo infantil) es un dispositivo de evaluación y seguimiento de la constitución psíquica de bebés de cero a 18 meses. Fue construida a partir de cuatro operaciones constitutivas, que aparecen en la relación del bebé con el cuidador: suposición del sujeto, establecimiento de la demanda, alternancia de la presencia/ausencia y función paterna. Este artículo tiene como objetivo relatar la intervención realizada en una guardería infantil municipal con un bebé de 10 meses que tenía dificultades en su constitución psíquica, caracterizada por la ausencia de los indicadores esperados, indicadores que se hicieron presentes a partir de la intervención.

Die IRDI Methode (Risikoindikatoren für die frühkindliche Entwicklung) ist eine Bewertungs — und Überwachungsmethode für die psychische Konstitution von Babys von null bis 18 Monaten. Sie basiert auf vier konstitutiven Operationen: Annahme des Subjekts, Feststellung der Anforderung, Alternanz der Ab — und Anwesenheit und die väterliche Funktion, welche in der Beziehung zwischen dem Baby und dem Betreuer auftreten. Dieser Artikel erläutert eine Intervention in einer städtischen Kinderkrippe mit einem 10 Monate altem Kleinkind. Unsere Analyse zeigt Probleme der psychische Konstitution auf, die Aufgrund der Anwendung der IRDI Bewertungsmethode aufgezeigt werden konnten.