[Experience in the surgical treatment of neovascular diabetic glaucoma]. / Opyt khirurgicheskogo lecheniia neovaskuliarnoi diabeticheskom glaukomy.

A new operation for neovascular glaucoma, filtrating vitrectomy, is described. The operation is based on creation of a permanent microfistula in the posterior chamber of the eye and simultaneous replacement of the viscous vitreous body with the isotonic saline. Filtrating vitrectomy was performed in 46 eyes with neovascular diabetic glaucoma. The intraocular pressure was normalized completely without medication in 70 per cent cases in the early postoperative period and in 66 per cent cases in the long term (12-39 months) period.

Ketotifen effect on secretion of histamine from basophils and on proliferative response of mononuclear cells of human peripheral blood.

Within the concentrations tested (0.125-1 mM), Ketotifen KT did not release histamine from the basophils, but, depending on dosage, inhibited release induced by anti-IgE antibodies or Con A. KT action developed without a latent period and was maintained for all time intervals used in the experiments (up to 40 min). Cell washing for histamine resulted in a rapid (not longer than 5 min) recovery of their sensitivity to histamine releasers. KT did not affect histamine release induced by cytotoxic releasers (chlorpromazine and melittin). In low concentrations (5 and 50 microM), KT potentiated mononuclear cell (MNC) response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) evaluated by 3H-thymidine incorporation, and, in high concentrations, blocked it. In doses blocking the proliferative response to PHA, KT also blocked MNC proliferation induced by Con and PWM. Within the tested concentrations, KT inhibited the PHA-induced increase of MNC protein synthesis evaluated by 14C-L-leucine incorporation, and, in high concentrations-blocked it. The obtained findings show that KT does not affect the induction stages of the proliferative response, but rather the stages preceding the cells transmission into the "S-phase". KT action was accompanied by a change in the cells electrophoretic mobility (EPM): in low concentrations (5 microM) KT was found to intensify the cells EPM and in high ones (250-500 microM)-to inhibit the EPM of MNC.

[Spontaneous and mitogen-induced proliferative activity of mononucleocytes in pollinosis patients]. / Spontannaia i indutsirovannaia mitogenami proliferativnaia aktivnost' mononuklearov u bol'nykh pollinozom.

The proliferative response of lymphocytes to mitogens was studied in 17 patients according to 3H-thymidine incorporation. The patients had high sensitivity to timothy pollen, confirmed by the allergological anamnesis, skin tests, and the presence of allergen-specific IgE-antibodies. Mononuclears of peripheral blood were cultivated with a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to study the response to the polyclonal B cell activator, while with PHA to study the response of T cells over 7 days. The patients with pollinosis manifested increased spontaneous cell proliferation. The degree of the proliferative response of the cells to LPS and PHA was similar in patients and normal subjects. It is suggested that the magnitude of spontaneous proliferation influences the degree of the mitogenic response of B cells.

[Action of ketotifen on the mitogen-evoked proliferative response of human mononuclear cells]. / Deistvie ketotifena na vyzvannyi mitogenami proliferativnyi otvet mononuklearnykh kletok cheloveka.

Ketotifen at low concentrations (5 and 50 microns) potentiated and at high ones (250 and 500 microM) blocked the proliferative response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( NNC ) induced by PHA. The proliferative response was evaluated by 3H-thymidine incorporation into the cells. At doses inhibiting proliferative response to PHA ketotifen blocked both Con A-induced and Pokeweed mitogen-induced proliferations of MNC. At tested concentrations ketotifen inhibited and at the highest concentration (250 microM) blocked PHA-induced increase of protein synthesis in MNC evaluated by incorporation of 14C-L-leucine into the cells. The presented data showed that ketotifen acted not on the inductive step of the proliferative response but on the steps preceding the cell shift into S-phase.

Lymphocyte proliferative response to allergen in timothy sensitive patients and healthy persons.

Presented are the results of the evaluation of lymphocytes proliferative response to a specific allergen in 30 pollinosis patients with hypersensitivity to timothy pollen, confirmed by the subject's allergy history, diagnostic skin tests, allergen-specific histamine release from basophils and by the presence of allergen-specific IgE-antibodies. The level of spontaneous proliferation of lymphocytes in pollinosis patients was found to increase. Manifestations of cell responses to Con A very similar in diseased and healthy subjects. The allergen-induced proliferative response of lymphocytes in pollinosis patients did not differ essentially from that in healthy persons. The authors make the supposition that the application of LBTR (using 3H-Thymidine incorporation) in demonstrating the immediate hypersensitivity to pollen allergens does not prove to be well grounded.

[Correlations between nonspecific suppressor activity of mononuclear cells and IgE levels in patients with pollinosis]. / Sopostavlenie nespetsificheskoi supressornoi aktivnosti mononuklearnykh kletok i urovnia IgE u bol'nykh pollinozom.

The total IgE level and some indicators of nonspecific suppressor activity (NSA) (the amount of theophylline-sensitive sells and the activity of Con A-induced spontaneous and short-lived suppressors) were studied in 36 pollinosis patients with high sensitivity to timothy dust, confirmed by the data of the allergological anamnesis, the data of skin and provocative tests with timothy allergen, and by the presence of allergen-specific IgE antibodies. The IgE level ranged from 23 to 2925 KU/1. Preincubation of mononuclear cells with theophylline did not lead to a significant diminution of the number of E-RFC. The majority of patients demonstrated the activity of all the above-indicated suppressors upon the use of mitogens at several concentrations. Correlation of the NSA with the IgE magnitudes showed disagreement in all the cases with the exception of the test with short-lived suppressors (a variant of the test culture with Con A) where in one group of patients (11 examinees), a direct relationship was found, whereas in the other one (10 examinees), a reverse relationship. It is concluded that the test forms of NSA of lymphoid cells do not play an essential role in the maintenance of the total IgE level in pollinosis patients.

[Evaluation of T- and B-cell immunity of regional lymph nodes in patients with skin melanoma and prognosis of the disease]. / Otsenka T- i B-sistemy immuniteta regionarnykh limfaticheskikh uzlov u bol'nykh melanomoi kozhi i prognoz zabolevaniia.

Immune response of regional lymph nodes was studied in 30 skin melanoma patients. T-lymphocyte count in metastatic lymph nodes was lower than in those without metastases. T-lymphocyte proliferation in response to PHA was inhibited 3-fold and the level of surface immunoglobulin-bearing B-lymphocytes was approximately 1.6 times lower in the involved node group. Cytological examination of the involved nodes detected a decrease in the counts of lymphocytes and reticular cells. This further confirms that metastatic involvement of lymph nodes is associated with a low immunologic activity, thus suggesting an unfavorable prognosis.

[Assessment of the immunohistological state of the lymph nodes regional to a tumor]. / Otsenka immunogistologicheskogo sostoianiia limfaticheskikh uzlov, regionarnykh k opukholi.

Immunoreactivity of lymph nodes regional to the tumour was studied in 22 patients with melanoma. T and B lymphocytes were detected by means of the blast transformation, rosette-formation tests and by immunofluorescence. Lymphocytes were collected from one half of the lymph node, whereas the other half was subjected to histological studies. The results obtained indicate that the functional activity of regional lymph nodes correlates well with morhological findings.