Comparative omics-based characterization, phylogeny and melatonin-mediated expression analyses of GDSL genes in pitaya (Selenicereus undatus L.) against multifactorial abiotic stresses.

The GDSL gene family plays diverse roles in plant growth and development. Despite its significance, the functions of the GDSL in the pitaya plant are still unknown. Pitaya (Selenicereus undatus L.) also called Hylocereus undatus (Hu), belongs to the family Cactaceae and is an important tropical plant that contains high dietary fibers and antioxidants. In the present investigation, we screened 91 HuGDSL genes in the pitaya genome by conducting a comprehensive computational analysis. The phylogenetic tree categorized HuGDSL genes into 9 distinct clades in combination with four other species. Further, 29 duplicate events were identified of which 12 were tandem, and 17 were segmental. The synteny analysis revealed that segmental duplication was more prominent than tandem duplication among these genes. The majority of duplicated gene pairs (95%) indicate their Ka/Ks ratios ranging from 0.1 to 0.3, which shows that maximum HuGDSL genes were under purifying selection pressure. The cis-acting element in the promotor region contains phytohormones such as auxin, gibberellin, jasmonic acid, and abscisic acid abundantly. Finally, the HuGDSL gene expression pattern under single and multiple stresses was analyzed via; RNA-seq. We select ten stress-responsive HuGDSL genes for RT-qPCR validation. After careful investigation, we identified five HuGDSL candidate genes (HuGDSL-1/3/55/59, and HuGDSL-78) based on RNA-seq, and RT-qPCR data that showed enhanced expression in stress and melatonin-applied seedlings. This study represents valuable insights into maintaining pitaya growth and development by preparing stress-resilient pitaya genotypes through modern biotechnological techniques. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01506-w.

Anoikis regulator GLI2 promotes NC cell immunity escape by TGF-ß-mediated non-classic hedgehog signaling in colorectal cancer: based on artificial intelligence and big data analysis.

BACKGROUND: Anoikis is a speed-limited procedure to inhibit tumor metastasis during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Previous studies have explored anoikis-related genes (ARG) in predicting prognosis and distinguishing tumoral immunity in many types of cancer. However, the role of ARGs in regulating NK cell exhaustion (NKE) and in predicting chemotherapy sensitivity is not clear. Therefore, it is necessary to work on it. METHODS: Gene expression profiles and clinical features are collected from TCGA and GEO, and data analysis is performed in R4.2.0. RESULTS: The ARGs-based no-supervised learning algorithm identifies three ARG subgroups, amongst which the prognosis is different. WCGNA and Artificial intelligence (AI) are applied to construct an NKE-related drug sensitivity stratification and prognosis identification model in digestive system cancer. Pathways association analysis screens out GLI2 is a key gene in regulating NKE by non-classic Hedgehog signaling (GLI2/TGF-ß/IL6). In vitro experiments show that down-regulation of GLI2 enhances the CAPE-mediated cell toxicity and accompanies with down-regulation of PD-L1, tumor-derive IL6, and snial1 whereas the expression of cleaved caspas3, cleaved caspase4, cleaved PARP, and E-cadherin are up-regulated in colorectal cancer. Co-culture experiments show that GLI2- decreased colorectal tumor cells lead to down-regulation of TIM-3 and PD1 in NK cells, which are restored by TGF-bate active protein powder. Besides, the Elisa assay shows that GLI2-decreased colorectal tumor cells lead to up-regulation of IFN-gamma in NK cells.

The Influence of Physical Environmental Factors on Older Adults in Residential Care Facilities in Northeast China.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the aspects of the objective physical environments of five residential care facilities (RCFs) for older adults and the residents' subjective perceptions of these aspects. BACKGROUND: The physical environment in RCFs impacts the health and comfort of the residents. However, the design standards for RCFs lack details which can result in insufficient living conditions. METHODS: Through questionnaire surveys, older adults' satisfaction on the degree of the light, acoustic, and thermal environment in the facilities was obtained. Indoor lighting condition was measured by an illuminance meter in lux, sound pressure level (SPL) with sound level meters in dBA, and temperature in °C with a temperature data logger, and an audiometer was used to test the hearing of the older adults. RESULTS: A total of 480 questionnaires were obtained. Results show that (a) older adults need an appropriate light environment to avoid the negative impact of limited light, (b) poor acoustic environment could affect their mood and health, and (c) when the room temperature is within the range of 20-26 °C (68-78.8 °F), they feel most comfortable. When the appropriate temperature and humidity, balanced illumination, and SPL meet the needs of older adults, it can provide a more comfortable physical environment for them. CONCLUSION: Examining the interaction between the physical environmental factors that affect older adults in RCFs is important for the design of residential housing and provides more theoretical support for research on the influence of the physical environment on the quality of life of older adults.