RESUMEN
Proper treatment of developmental disabilities requires health workers to have adequate knowledge of etiology and referral procedures. There is a dearth of research on knowledge of developmental disabilities among health workers in Ghana. The purpose of this study was to document knowledge about developmental disorders, causes, and referral procedures among health workers. Researchers used a successive free-listing method to interview 37 health workers. Developmental disabilities which present with physical symptoms were the most salient disorders identified among health workers, while learning disabilities and attention deficit disorder were largely overlooked. The most commonly listed developmental disabilities were cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder. Respondents had limited knowledge about the causes of and referral resources for developmental disabilities. Results show the need for continuing medical education, public awareness, and enhanced resources to support the identification and care of children with developmental disabilities in Ghana.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Research on cerebral palsy (CP) has lacked emphasis on knowledge and treatment practices among caregivers, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where socio-cultural contexts encourage a variety of treatment alternatives. In this study, we explored the beliefs and experiences that motivate care-seeking practices among caregivers of children with CP in Ghana. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 caregivers, 10 medical providers, and 5 alternative providers in the Greater Accra Region. Participant interviews were analyzed using principles adapted from grounded theory. A conceptual model was constructed to illustrate salient patterns and motivational factors influencing care-seeking practices. RESULTS: Participants' experiences showed that caregivers initially sought physiotherapy and prescription medications from medical providers. Many of them then transitioned to alternative methods to search for a cure or address specific CP symptoms. Over time, most caregivers discontinued both medical and alternative care in favor of at-home treatment. A few withdrew completely from all forms of care. Cost of treatment, caregiver burden, and stigma strongly inhibited care-seeking outside the home. CONCLUSION: Although caregivers were open to exploring a variety of treatment options, at-home treatment was preferred by long-time caregivers for its convenience, low cost, and adaptability to patient and caregiver needs.