Degree of conversion and microhardness of resin cements photoactivated through glass ceramic.

BACKGROUND: To assess whether glass-ceramic shade, thickness and translucency affect degree of conversion (DC) and Knoop microhardness (KHN) of resin cements photoactivated using light-emitting diode (LED) or quartz-tungsten-halogen (QTH) units. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Glass-ceramic blocks were cut (2, 3 and 4mm) and sintered. For DC FT Raman spectroscopy (n=3), film specimens of cements (RelyX ARC, U200, Veneer, C&B) were obtained. For KHN test (n=3), cements were inserted in cylindrical matrix and covered by polyester strip. Specimens were photoactivated (30s) using LED or QTH according to each group: direct photoactivation (DP), interposing ceramic specimens or no photoactivation (NP). Data were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey's test, Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests (p<0.05). RESULTS: Ceramic features had significant effect on DC of RelyX ARC, U200 and Veneer (p<0.0017). Light source had no effect (p=0.9512). C&B and Veneer had higher DC, followed by dual cements. NP dual cements showed the lowest DC. For KHN, ceramic shade (p=0.1717) and light source (p=0.1421) were not significant, but ceramic translucency, thickness and resin cement were significant (p=0.0001). KHN was higher for U200 followed by ARC, and lowest for Veneer. CONCLUSIONS: DC was affected by ceramic shade, translucency and thickness. KHN was dependent on ceramic translucency and thickness. Higher DC and KHN were achieved for dual-cured cements photoactivated through 2mm-thick low translucent or 3mm-thick high translucent glass-ceramic. Key words:Cementation, composite resin cements, dental curing lights, glass ceramics.

Comparison of Resin Cement Insertion Techniques for Luting Fiberglass Posts

Objective: To evaluate the effect of two insertion techniques of self-adhesive dual resin cement on the bond strength of fiberglass posts in different portions of the root. The homogeneity of the cement layer along the root canal was also evaluated. Material and Methods: The root canals of 28 bovine teeth were instrumented, filled, and 14mm-space was prepared for luting fiberglass posts (Reforpost #3, Angelus), maintaining 4mm of apical sealing. The roots were randomly allocated into two groups according to the cement insertion technique (n=14): Lentulo Drill (Dentsply/Maillefer) or Centrix syringe (Dentsply). The posts were fixed with self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U200, 3M ESPE). After 7 days, the roots were cross-sectioned to obtain three 1.0-mm-thick samples of each third of the space prepared for the post. Two samples of each third were subjected to push-out test (0.5 mm/min; 200N) and the third specimen was used for the analysis of cementation layer homogeneity. Images of specimens (40x magnification) were assessed and classified by two calibrated examiners (Kappa = 0.87) according to the presence or absence of voids and misfit. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Pearson Chi-Square test. Results: There was no statistically significant effect of insertion technique (p=0.278) or post-space thirds (p = 0.521) on bond strength of fiberglass posts. Chi-Square test showed that cement insertion with the Lentulo drill produced more cement voids than Centrix syringe (p = 0.023). Conclusion: The cement insertion technique did not influence bond strength of fiberglass posts in bovine root dentin. The use of Centrix syringe for cement insertion is preferred since it produced more homogenous cement layer.

Facetas indiretas unitárias: previsibilidade na obtenção de cor / Unitary indirect veneers: previsibility in the color obtaining

A previsibilidade de trabalhos restauradores estéticos, sejam eles diretos ou indiretos, é reconhecidamente um dos maiores desafios ao cirurgião-dentista, principalmente em casos de facetas indiretas ou coroas unitárias. Atualmente, estão disponíveis no mercado odontológico cimentos de resina com grande diversidade quanto a tipo de presa e cores. Com respeito à diversidade de cores, podem ser utilizados cimentos de diferentes matizes, opacidade e viscosidade, a fim de realizar pequenas correções em função do substrato a ser mascarado ou da própria restauração. Para decidir a cor mais adequada a ser utilizada em cada caso, utilizamse as chamadas pastas simuladoras ou tryin. Essa opção consiste em pastas matizadas não polimerizáveis, hidrossolúveis, cujas cores correspondem a seu respectivo cimento, permitindo que haja previsão do resultado estético final.

Análise por imagens dos contatos oclusais em boca e em verticulador / Image analysis of occlusal contacts in the mouth and verticulator

A ocorrência de discrepância qualitativa dos pontos de contato da superfície oclusal dos dentes 24 ao27 foi pesquisada em dois indivíduos, comparando-se imagens digitalizadas obtidas “in vivo” e em modelosmontados em verticulador. Seis modelos parciais, obtidos por meio de moldagem de duplo arco, foram montadosem um aparelho verticulador. Um dispositivo para obtenção de fotografia intra-oral com a mesma distânciafocal e mesmo plano foi desenvolvido e confeccionado. Para o registro dos contatos oclusais foi utilizadopapel carbono de espessura de 0,8 mm. As fotografias foram devidamente organizadas, em pranchas, paraposterior comparação e avaliação qualitativa. Com base nas comparações feitas e na metodologia utilizada,concluiu-se que o aparelho mecânico usado reproduziu os contatos oclusais em boca, sem alteração deposição. A metodologia de digitalização de imagens possibilitou a comparação qualitativa dos contatos obtidosem boca e no aparelho mecânico. Entretanto, é necessário desenvolver-se mais a técnica de obtenção dasfotografias intra-orais para se poder realizar a análise quantitativa.