Endoscopic drainage with a metallic stent for obstructive jaundice caused by bile duct metastasis of breast cancer: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: Bile duct metastasis of breast cancer is rare. It often causes obstructive jaundice which makes the patient interrupt state of treatment. Endoscopic drainage for obstructive jaundice is effective and less invasive treatment option also in this case. Abstract: A 66-year-old breast ductal carcinoma patient developed obstructive jaundice, presenting with epigastric discomfort and dark-colored urine. Computed tomography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed bile duct stenosis. Brushing cytology and tissue biopsy confirmed bile duct metastasis, a self-expandable metallic stent was placed/replaced endoscopically, and chemotherapy was continued, extending the patient's life.

Disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow from rectal cancer: A case report.

A 66-year-old man presented with worsening dyspnea. A colonoscopy revealed an elevated lesion at the rectosigmoid junction. The biopsy specimen and bone marrow aspiration demonstrated adenocarcinoma, leading to a diagnosis of disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow. Because chemotherapy proved effective, he survived until 333 days after admission.

Signet-ring Cell Carcinoma in Hyperplastic Polyp of the Stomach.

Signet-ring cell carcinoma rarely occurs in gastric hyperplastic polyps, with only a few such cases reported. We treated a 76-year-old woman with a signet-ring cell carcinoma arising from a hyperplastic polyp. She had been diagnosed with a gastric hyperplastic polyp four years previously. A follow-up endoscopic examination revealed the lesion in the polyp. A biopsy showed signet-ring cell carcinoma. Hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection with snaring and a histological examination revealed signet-ring cell carcinoma in a hyperplastic polyp. The polyp was completely excised, with no evidence of recurrence one year later. A hyperplastic polyp of the stomach may transform into adenocarcinoma of an undifferentiated type.

Repeated Small Bowel Obstruction Caused by Chestnut Ingestion without the Formation of Phytobezoars.

A small number of cases of small bowel obstruction caused by foods without the formation of phytobezoars have been reported. Repeated small bowel obstruction due to the ingestion of the same food is extremely rare. We present the case of 63-year-old woman who developed small bowel obstruction twice due to the ingestion of chestnuts without the formation of phytobezoars. This is the first reported case of repeated small bowel obstruction caused by chestnut ingestion. Careful interviews are necessary to determine the meal history of elderly patients and psychiatric patients.

A case of severe pseudomembranous colitis diagnosed by colonoscopy after Helicobacter pylori eradication.

A 65-year-old male was admitted for hemorrhagic gastric ulcer. Since anti-Helicobacter pylori-immunoglobulin G antibody tested positive, eradication therapy was administered using rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin. During hospitalization, colonoscopy showed normal colonic mucosa except for a polyp of the sigmoid colon. He was discharged 4 days after finishing eradication therapy, but fever up and diarrhea appeared on the following day. After re-admission, colonoscopy revealed multiple yellowish-white, small circular membranous elevations, and a diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis was made. He was successfully treated by oral administration of vancomycin. Concomitant use of antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor for a hospitalized patient is a risk for pseudomembranous colitis. However, H. pylori eradication therapy should be started at re-introduction of oral feeding in cases of bleeding ulcers because rebleeding can be mortal in patients in 'poor general condition'. Physicians should consider pseudomembranous colitis as a diagnosis for the patients with diarrhea and high fever following H. pylori eradication therapy.

An adult case of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome diagnosed in a 36-year-old woman with hypocalcemia caused by hypoparathyroidism and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

22q11.2 Deletion syndrome is recognized to be a major cause of congenital hypoparathyroidism, and affected patients exhibit a range of autoimmune characteristics. The syndrome becomes apparent in early childhood and is rarely diagnosed in adulthood. This report describes an adult case of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome first diagnosed in a 36-year-old woman with hypocalcemia caused by hypoparathyroidism and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. It is important to diagnose 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in adults because such patients are still at high risk for developing treatable diseases, such as hypocalcemia and autoimmune diseases.