A systematic review and meta-analysis of the relative safety and efficacy of treating lower extremity deep vein thrombosis via pharmacomechanical thrombectomy and catheter-directed thrombolysis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of pharmacomechanical thrombectomy and catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) as approaches to treating deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities (LEDVT). METHODS: The PubMed, Web of Science, Wanfang, Embase, Chinese Science and Technology Journal, Cochrane, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were systematically searched for relevant articles published through October 2023, after which appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to screen out relevant articles. Review Manager 5.4.1 was used to extract key data from these studies, and pooled analyses were conducted based on mead difference (MD) or odds ratio (OR) values and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study has been registered at INPLASY.COM (No. INPLASY2023100075). RESULTS: In total, 31 relevant studies enrolling 2413 patients were included in this meta-analysis, with 1184 and 1229 patients in the AngioJet and CDT groups, respectively. These analyses revealed that the AngioJet group exhibited significantly higher rates of early postoperative deep vein patency (MD = 7.73, 95% CI (3.29, 12.17), p = .0006) and affected limb symptom improvement (MD = 6.31, 95% CI (1.82,10.80), p = .006) relative to the CDT group, whereas no differences in grade II or III thrombus clearance rates (OR = 1.30, 95% CI (0.95, 1.77), p = .10) or changes in thigh circumference before and after treatment (MD = 0.01, 95% CI (-0.80, 0.83), p = .97) were observed. The AngioJet group also exhibited lower urokinase doses (MD = -145.33, 95% CI (-164.28,126.38), p < .00001), shorter thrombolysis time (MD = -2.35, 95% CI(-2.80, -1.90), p < .00001), a less prolonged hospital stay (MD = -3.13, 95% CI(-3.81, -2.45), p < .00001), lower rates of PTS incidence (OR = 0.56, 95% CI(0.36, 0.88), p = .01), and reduced complication rates (OR = 0.51, 95% CI(0.31, 0.83), p = .0007). CONCLUSION: Studies published to date suggest that relative to CDT treatment, pharmacomechanical thrombectomy is associated with improved thrombus clearance, fewer complications, and lower complication rates in LEDVT patients, underscoring the safety and efficacy of this therapeutic strategy.

Pan-cancer analysis of SERPINE1 with a concentration on immune therapeutic and prognostic in gastric cancer.

The serine protease inhibitor clade E member 1 (SERPINE1) is a key modulator of the plasminogen/plasminase system and has been demonstrated to promote tumor progression and metastasis in various tumours. However, although much literature has explored the cancer-promoting mechanism of SERPINE1, the pan-cancer analyses of its predictive value and immune response remain unexplored. The differential expression, and survival analysis of SERPINE1 expression in multiple cancers were analysed using The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression database. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) plotter and survival data analysis were used to analyze the prognostic value of SERPINE1 expression, including overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival, disease-free interval and progression-free interval and investigated the relationship of SERPINE1 expression with microsatellite instability. We further analysed the correlation between the expression of SERPINE1 and immune infiltration. The Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathway was used for enrichment analysis, and the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) database was used to perform pathway analysis. Finally, in vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown or overexpression of SERPINE1 could alter the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer (GC) cells. The results indicated that SERPINE1 expression levels different significantly between cancer and normal tissues, meanwhile, it was highly expressed in various cancers. By analysing online data, it has been observed that the gene SERPINE1 exhibits heightened expression levels across a variety of human cancers, significantly impacting patient survival rates. Notably, the presence of SERPINE1 was strongly associated with decrease OS and disease-free survival in individuals diagnosed with GC. Furthermore, an observed link indicates that higher levels of SERPINE expression are associated with increased infiltration of immune cells in GC. Finally, in vitro experiments showed that knockdown or overexpression of SERPINE1 inhibited the growth, and migration, of GC cells. SERPINE1expression potentially represents a novel prognostic biomarker due to its significant association with immune cell infiltration in GC. This study shows that SERPINE1 is an oncogene that participates in regulating the immune infiltration and affecting the prognosis of patients in multiple cancers, especially in GC. These findings underscore the importance of further investigating the role of SERPINE1 in cancer progression and offer a promising direction for the development of new therapeutic strategies.

[New progress in the diagnosis and treatment of jugular paragangliomas].

Jugular paraganglioma is the most common neoplasms in the jugular foramen. It is a slow-growing wiht abundant blood supply, and is intimately associated with critical neurovascular structures at the skull base. In this paper, the latest advance in pathophysiology, surgical treatment, radiotherapy were reviewed based on previous literature, providing reference for clinical diagnosis, treatment and future research.

Effects of ultrasonic-assisted natural deep eutectic solvent on the extraction rate, stability and antifungal ability of polyphenols from Cabernet Sauvignon seeds.

Ultrasonic-assisted extraction using a natural deep eutectic solvent (UAE-NADES) is an efficient method for extracting grape seed polyphenols (GSPs). In this study, response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction of GSPs with UAE-NADES, and the theoretical extraction rate of GSPs was 139.014 mg GAE/g, the actual extraction rate was 135.78 ± 1.3 mg GAE/g. A pseudo-second-order kinetic extraction fitting was established to simulate the extraction process and mechanism (R2 > 0.99). Analysis of antioxidant capacity, Fourier-infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that UAE-NADES works synergetically to maintain the stability of extracted GSPs. The results of high-performance liquid chromatography showed that catechin (41.14 mg/g) is the main component of GSPs in the extract. The UAE-NADES extraction of GSPs can inhibit the growth of Alternaria alternata at 0.25 mg GAE/g, while the GSPs extracted by other methods can effectively inhibit the growth of Alternaria alternata at 0.35 mg GAE/g. Thus, this study demonstrates that UAE-NADES is a high-efficiency means of extracting GSPs and, in a wider sense, is a promising extraction technology for the green utilization of waste resources.

A biodegradable and flexible neural interface for transdermal optoelectronic modulation and regeneration of peripheral nerves.

Optoelectronic neural interfaces can leverage the photovoltaic effect to convert light into electrical current, inducing charge redistribution and enabling nerve stimulation. This method offers a non-genetic and remote approach for neuromodulation. Developing biodegradable and efficient optoelectronic neural interfaces is important for achieving transdermal stimulation while minimizing infection risks associated with device retrieval, thereby maximizing therapeutic outcomes. We propose a biodegradable, flexible, and miniaturized silicon-based neural interface capable of transdermal optoelectronic stimulation for neural modulation and nerve regeneration. Enhancing the device interface with thin-film molybdenum significantly improves the efficacy of neural stimulation. Our study demonstrates successful activation of the sciatic nerve in rodents and the facial nerve in rabbits. Moreover, transdermal optoelectronic stimulation accelerates the functional recovery of injured facial nerves.

Double Half Purse-String Sutures Plus "8" Pattern of Stitching for Prevention of Duodenal Stump Fistula after Laparoscopic Gastrectomy.

Background: Duodenal stump fistula represents an infrequent but serious complication after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy with Billroth II or Roux-en-Y reconstruction for gastric cancer. The present study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of laparoscopic double half purse-string sutures plus "8" pattern of stitching for reinforcement of duodenal stump. Methods: The data of patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy with Billroth II or Roux-en-Y reconstruction were retrospectively analyzed between August 2022 and June 2023. According to the different reinforcement methods of duodenal stump, included patients were subdivided into three groups as follows: Group A, duodenal stump was treated with double half purse-string sutures plus "8" pattern of stitching; Group B, duodenal stump was reinforced by continuous suture using a barbed suture; and Group C, duodenal stump without any additional processing. The incidences of duodenal stump fistula between three groups were documented and compared. Moreover, the independent risk factors associated with duodenal stump fistula were analyzed using the logistic regression analysis. Results: No postoperative duodenal stump fistula occurred in Group A, which was significantly different from Group B and Group C (P = .007). In the multivariate analysis, age (odds ratio [OR], 1.191; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.088-1.303), body mass index (OR, 0.824; 95% CI, 0.727-0.935), and American Society of Anesthesiologists score (OR, 4.495; 95% CI, 1.264-15.992) were the risk factors for duodenal stump fistula. Conclusion: Double half purse-string sutures plus "8" pattern of suture can be conducted in a relatively short operation period and could prevent the incidence of duodenal stump fistula to some extent.

Potential mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in treating insomnia: A network pharmacology, GEO validation, and molecular-docking study.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential mechanisms of Chinese herbs for the treatment of insomnia using a combination of data mining, network pharmacology, and molecular-docking validation. All the prescriptions for insomnia treated by the academician Qi Wang from 2020 to 2022 were collected. The Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform v2.3 was used to identify high-frequency Chinese medicinal herbs and the core prescription. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and UniProt databases were utilized to predict the effective active components and targets of the core herbs. Insomnia-related targets were collected from 4 databases. The intersecting targets were utilized to build a protein-protein interaction network and conduct gene ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis using the STRING database, Cytoscape software, and clusterProfiler package. Gene chip data (GSE208668) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The limma package was applied to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between insomnia patients and healthy controls. To create a "transcription factor (TF)-miRNA-mRNA" network, the differentially expressed miRNAs were entered into the TransmiR, FunRich, Targetscan, and miRDB databases. Subsequently, the overlapping targets were validated using the DEGs, and further validations were conducted through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Among the 117 prescriptions, 65 herbs and a core prescription were identified. Network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis revealed that active components such as ß-sitosterol, stigmasterol, and canadine acted on hub targets, including interleukin-6, caspase-3, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. In GSE208668, 6417 DEGs and 7 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. A "TF-miRNA-mRNA" network was constructed by 4 "TF-miRNA" interaction pairs and 66 "miRNA-mRNA" interaction pairs. Downstream mRNAs exert therapeutic effects on insomnia by regulating circadian rhythm. Molecular-docking analyses demonstrated good docking between core components and hub targets. Molecular dynamics simulation displayed the strong stability of the complex formed by small molecule and target. The core prescription by the academician Qi Wang for treating insomnia, which involves multiple components, targets, and pathways, showed the potential to improve sleep, providing a basis for clinical treatment of insomnia.

Surface Nanostructures Promote Droplet Splash on Hot Substrates.

Splash, one of the most visually apparent droplet dynamics, can manifest on any surface above a certain impact velocity, regardless of surface wettability. Previous studies demonstrate that elevating the substrate temperature can suppress droplet splash, which is unfavorable for many practical applications, such as spray cooling and combustion. Here, we report that the suppression effect of substrate temperature on splash is nullified by utilizing surfaces with nanostructures. By manipulating air evacuation time through surface nanostructures, we have identified a pathway for precise control over the splash threshold and the ability to tailor the dependence of the splash onset on surface temperature. We further propose a theoretical criterion to determine different splash regimes by considering the competition between air evacuation and the development of flow instabilities. Our findings underscore the crucial role of nanostructures in splash dynamics, offering valuable insights for the control of splash in various industrial scenarios.

Methylation-driven mechanisms of allergic rhinitis during pollen and non-pollen seasons using integrated bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a widespread allergic airway disease that results from a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors and affects approximately 10%-40% of the global population. Pollen is a common allergen, and exposure to pollen can cause epigenetic changes. However, the mechanism underlying pollen-induced DNA methylation changes and their potential effects on the allergic march are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the methylation-driven mechanisms of AR during the pollen and non-pollen seasons using bioinformatics analysis and to investigate their relationship with asthma. Methods: We downloaded DNA methylation and gene expression data from the GEO database (GSE50387: GSE50222, GSE50101) and identified differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the pollen and non-pollen seasons using the CHAMP and limma packages. Through correlation analysis, we identified methylation-driven genes and performed pathway enrichment analysis to annotate their functions. We incorporated external data on AR combined with asthma (GSE101720) for analysis to identify key CpGs that promote the transformation of AR to asthma. We also utilized external data on olive pollen allergy (GSE54522) for analysis to validate the methylation-driven genes. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was employed to identify gene modules significantly correlated with pollen allergy. We extracted genes related to the key methylation-driven gene ZNF667-AS1 from the significant module and performed pathway intelligent clustering using KOBAS-i. We also utilized gene set enrichment analysis to explore the potential function of ZNF667-AS1. Results: We identified 20 and 24 CpG-Gene pairings during the pollen and non-pollen seasons. After incorporating external data from GSE101720, we found that ZNF667-AS1 is a key gene that may facilitate the transformation of AR into asthma during the pollen season. This finding was further validated in another external dataset, GSE54522, which is associated with pollen allergy. WGCNA identified 17 modules, among which the blue module showed significant correlation with allergies. ZNF667-AS1 was located in the blue module. We performed pathway analysis on the genes correlated with ZNF667-AS1 extracted from the blue module and identified a prominent cluster of pathways in the KOBAS-i results, including Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, MyD88, MAPK, and oxidative stress. Gene set enrichment analysis around cg05508084 (paired with ZNF667-AS1) also indicated its potential involvement in initiating and modulating allergic inflammation from the perspective of TLR and MAPK signaling. Conclusion: We identified methylation-driven genes and their related pathways during the pollen and non-pollen seasons in patients with AR and identified key CpGs that promote the transformation of AR into asthma due to pollen exposure. This study provides new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of the transformation of AR to asthma.

[Diagnosis and treatment of 68 cases of traumatic facial nerve paralysis].

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics and therapeutic effect of traumatic facial nerve palsy. Methods:Sixty-eight cases of traumatic facial nerve palsy were retrospectively analyzed from January 2015 to May 2023. Results:The median course of disease was 33 days. The facial nerve function of the patients was grade HB-Ⅱin 2 cases, grade HB-Ⅲ in 4 cases, grade HB-Ⅳin 16 cases, grade HB-Ⅴ in 37 cases（38 ears）, and grade HB-Ⅵ in 9 cases. 42 cases occurred immediately after injury and 26 cases were delayed. CT examination of temporal bone revealed longitudinal fractures in 51 cases（52 ears） , transverse fractures in 6 cases and mixed fractures in 4 cases. No definite temporal bone fracture was found in the remaining 7 cases. The segments of facial nerve injury in 49 cases（50 ears） were geniculate ganglion and adjacent, in 7 cases were vertical segment, in 7 cases were horizontal segment, in 2 cases were horizontal segment and vertical segment; and the other 3 cases could not be evaluated. Conservative treatment with glucocorticoids was used in 23 ears and surgery was used in 46 ears. Patients were followed up 6-24 months after treatment, including 20 cases of grade HB-Ⅰ, 19 cases of grade HB-Ⅱ, 23 cases（24 ears） of grade HB-Ⅲ, 4 cases of grade HB-Ⅳ, and 1 case of grade HB-Ⅴ.One patient was lost to follow-up. After treatment, the facial nerve function of patients was significantly improved（P<0.05）, and there were significant differences between conservative treatment group and surgical treatment group in the course of facial nerve palsy, the ratio of facial palsy immediately after injury, the nerve function before treatment and the nerve function after treatment（P<0.05）. There were no significant differences in age, sex, hearing condition, temporal bone fracture, facial nerve injury segment and rate of favorable neurologic outcomes（P>0.05）. The comparison of patients with neurodegeneration rate>90% and ≤90% showed that the facial nerve function of patients with neurodegeneration rate>90% before treatment was significantly worse（P<0.05）, but there was no significant difference between the facial nerve function after treatment（P>0.05）. There was no significant difference in facial nerve function between middle fossa approach group and mastoid approach group（P>0.05）. Conclusion:Patients with traumatic facial nerve palsy should be evaluated individually. Patients with mild facial nerve palsy, low neurodegeneration rate and short course of disease can be treated conservatively and followed up closely. Patients with severe facial nerve palsy, high neurodegeneration rate and more than 6 weeks of disease can be actively considered surgery. Good prognosis can be obtained by correct evaluation and treatment.

A coupling model based on spatial characteristics and evolution of terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage: a case study of Hanzhong.

Ecosystem carbon storage (ECS) is a critical consideration in reducing the impact of global warming and tackling environmental challenges, positioning it at the forefront of contemporary research. Due to the significant differences in the influence of land usage patterns on ECS in various policy contexts and China's commitment to attaining a carbon-neutral status, a model simulating different scenarios is needed to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics and evolutionary process of carbon storage in terrestrial ecosystems accurately. To address this challenge, this study established a coupling model of "Geographical analysis -Evolution analysis -Predicting (GEP)" for assessing ecosystem ECS and analyzing its spatial characteristics and evolutionary patterns and projecting the spatial distribution of ECS under various developmental scenarios, which analyzed variations in ECS across different levels of magnitude and delineated the changing areas across a range of varying scenarios in the future additionally. The outcomes suggested that the ECS decreased by 1.17 × 106 t from 1990 to 2020, which pertaining to the utilization transfer of land in the area, whose change in ECS levels with a positive trend. It is predicted that the ECS will grow by 1.15 × 106 t and 1.44 × 106 t, in 2030 and 2060 compared with 2020 within the framework of natural development scenario (NDS), while within the framework of ecological protection scene (EPS), ECS will increase significantly, increasing by 3.06 × 106 t and 4.44 × 106 t. There will be more areas where ECS increases within the framework of EPS, by comparing with the NDS. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of Hanzhong City's carbon storage trends, demonstrating its significant impact on climate change mitigation and serving as a predictive model for similar regions, which underscores the importance of localized carbon management strategies, offering valuable insights for local governments in formulating effective climate adaptation and mitigation policies.

The Nonvolatile Memory and Neuromorphic Simulation of ReS2/h-BN/Graphene Floating Gate Devices Under Photoelectrical Hybrid Modulations.

The floating gate devices, as a kind of nonvolatile memory, obtain great application potential in logic-in-memory chips. The 2D materials have been greatly studied due to atomically flat surfaces, higher carrier mobility, and excellent photoelectrical response. The 2D ReS2 flake is an excellent candidate for channel materials due to thickness-independent direct bandgap and outstanding optoelectronic response. In this paper, the floating gate devices are prepared with the ReS2/h-BN/Gr heterojunction. It obtains superior nonvolatile electrical memory characteristics, including a higher memory window ratio (81.82%), tiny writing/erasing voltage (±8 V/2 ms), long retention (>1000 s), and stable endurance (>1000 times) as well as multiple memory states. Meanwhile, electrical writing and optical erasing are achieved by applying electrical and optical pulses, and multilevel storage can easily be achieved by regulating light pulse parameters. Finally, due to the ideal long-time potentiation/depression synaptic weights regulated by light pulses and electrical pulses, the convolutional neural network (CNN) constructed by ReS2/h-BN/Gr floating gate devices can achieve image recognition with an accuracy of up to 98.15% for MNIST dataset and 91.24% for Fashion-MNIST dataset. The research work adds a powerful option for 2D materials floating gate devices to apply to logic-in-memory chips and neuromorphic computing.

A modified laser ablation-isotope ratio mass spectrometry method for in situ analysis of sulfur isotope composition of sulfides.

RATIONALE: A novel laser ablation-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LA-IRMS) method for in situ analysis of sulfur isotopes in sulfides has been developed. Instead of the in situ reaction applied by the traditional laser microprobe, the analyte gas preparation in this method is separated temporally and spatially from the LA, resulting in improved precision and accuracy. METHODS: Our LA-IRMS system combines an ultraviolet LA system, an elemental analyzer (EA), a custom-built cryogenic concentration system, a continuous-flow interface, and an IRMS. The sulfide aerosol particles generated from LA were transferred by a helium carrier gas from the ablation cell into the reaction tube and were then converted into SO2 . Subsequently, SO2 was enriched in two cold traps and was finally introduced into the ion source of the IRMS through the continuous-flow interface. RESULTS: We measured three synthetic and four natural sulfide reference materials to test the performance of this method. Precisions of ±0.25‰-±0.48‰ and ±0.32‰-±0.64‰ (1SD, n = 5) for δ34 S values of synthetic and natural sulfide standards can be obtained for spot sizes ranging from 64 to 80 µm. Measured values and their recommended values showed a good linear relationship (R2 within 0.998 and 0.9995) with the slope of approaching unity (within 1.0509 and 1.1313). CONCLUSIONS: Data from the measurement of reference materials showed that the precision and accuracy of our method were satisfactory. This method is a powerful tool for in situ sulfur isotope measurement of sulfides and can be further applied to in situ carbon and oxygen isotope analyses.

Molecular characterization of allergic constitution based on network pharmacology and multi-omics analysis methods.

The objective of this study was to identify critical pathways associated with allergic constitution. Shared genes among allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma (AA), and atopic dermatitis (AD) were extracted from the GWAS catalog. RNA-seq data of AR, AA, and AD from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database were preprocessed and subjected to differential gene expression analysis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were merged using the Robust Rank Aggregation (RRA) algorithm. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify modules associated with allergies. Components of Guominkang (GMK) were obtained from 6 databases and activate components were identified by SwissADME website. Utilizing the SwissTarget Prediction, PharmMapper, SymMap, and HERB, the targets of GMK were predicted and subsequently validated using gene chip data from our team previous study. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) related to the allergic constitution were also extracted based on a previous study. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed using KOBAS-i on the GWAS, RRA, WGCNA modules, DEPs, and GMK targets. P values from multi-omics datasets were combined by meta-analysis, and Bonferroni correction was applied. The significant pathways were further validated using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) with intervention data of GMK. The GWAS results yielded 172 genes. Four datasets AR1, AA1, AD1, and AD2 were acquired from GSE75011, GSE125916, and GSE184237. The RRA algorithm identified 19 upregulated and 20 downregulated genes. WGCNA identified 5 significant modules, with the blue and turquoise modules displaying a moderate correlation with allergies. By performing network pharmacology analysis, we identified 127 active ingredients of GMK and predicted 618 targets. Validation using gene chip data confirmed 107 GMK targets. Single-omics pathway analysis was conducted using KOBAS-i, and 39 significant pathways were identified across multiple omics datasets. GSEA analysis using GMK intervention data identified 11 of 39 significant pathways as the final key pathways associated with the allergic constitution. Through multi-omics integrated pathway analysis, we identified 11 critical pathways of allergic constitution, including TH1 and TH2 cell differentiation, TLR cascade, and TH17 cell differentiation. Identifying these pathways suggests that the observed alterations at the pathway level may play significant roles in the molecular characteristics of the allergic constitution.

Laser-Induced Electron Synchronization Excitation for Photochemical Synthesis and Patterning Graphene-Based Electrode.

Micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) represent a pressing requirement for powering the forthcoming generation of micro-electronic devices. The simultaneous realization of high-efficiency synthesis of electrode materials and precision patterning for MSCs in a single step presents an ardent need, yet it poses a formidable challenge. Herein, a unique shaped laser-induced patterned electron synchronization excitation strategy has been put forward to photochemical synthesis RuO2 /reduced graphene oxide (rGO) electrode and simultaneously manufacture the micron-scale high-performance MSCs with ultra-high resolution. Significantly, the technique represents a noteworthy advancement over traditional laser direct writing (LDW) patterning and photoinduced synthetic electrode methods. It not only improves the processing efficiency for MSCs and the controllability of laser-induced electrode material but also enhances electric fields and potentials at the interface for better electrochemical performance. The resultant MSCs exhibit excellent area and volumetric capacitance (516 mF cm-2 and 1720 F cm-3 ), and ultrahigh energy density (0.41 Wh cm-3 ) and well-cycle stability (retaining 95% capacitance after 12000 cycles). This investigation establishes a novel avenue for electrode design and underscores substantial potential in the fabrication of diverse microelectronic devices.

Comparison of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy by Blue Dye Conjunction With Indocyanine Green or Radioisotope in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Prospective Single-Center Observational Study.

Background: Although radioisotope (RI) combined with blue dye (BD) is the standard technique for sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in breast cancer, the use of RI is limited at some institutions due to the specific equipment needed. Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence detection has been developed as a potential substitute for RI method. However, reports on the sensitivity of ICG and RI techniques in detecting SLN are inconsistent; hence, the present study was designed to compare the clinical efficacy between the combined method of ICG + BD (ICG-B) and RI + BD (RI-B). Methods: A prospective observational study was performed that identified 138 breast cancer patients who had undergone lymphatic mapping and SLN biopsy with ICG-B or RI-B. The SLN detection rate, positive SLN counts, and lymph node metastasis between the 2 groups were compared. Results: A total of 71 patients were recruited in the ICG-B group, while 67 were recruited in the RI-B group. The SLN detection rate was 100% in both the ICG-B and RI-B groups. Lymph node metastasis was found in 13 patients using ICG-B and in 12 patients using the RI-B technique (18.31% vs 17.91%, respectively; P = .61). No significant differences were observed in the positive SLN counts (3.12 ± 2.01 vs 3.33 ± 2.24, P = .37) between the 2 groups. Conclusions: Indocyanine green combined with BD has an equal efficacy compared with RI plus BD when performing an axillary SLN biopsy in breast cancer. The ICG plus BD procedure is a promising alternative to traditional standard mapping methods.

A Bioresorbable and Conductive Scaffold Integrating Silicon Membranes for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.

Peripheral nerve injury represents one of the most common types of traumatic damage, severely impairing motor and sensory functions, and posttraumatic nerve regeneration remains a major challenge. Electrical cues are critical bioactive factors that promote nerve regrowth, and bioartificial scaffolds incorporating conductive materials to enhance the endogenous electrical field have been demonstrated to be effective. The utilization of fully biodegradable scaffolds can eliminate material residues, and circumvent the need for secondary retrieval procedures. Here, a fully bioresorbable and conductive nerve scaffold integrating N-type silicon (Si) membranes is proposed, which can deliver both structural guidance and electrical cues for the repair of nerve defects. The entire scaffold is fully biodegradable, and the introduction of N-type Si can significantly promote the proliferation and production of neurotrophic factors of Schwann cells and enhance the calcium activity of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The conductive scaffolds enable accelerated nerve regeneration and motor functional recovery in rodents with sciatic nerve transection injuries. This work sheds light on the advancement of bioresorbable and electrically active materials to achieve desirable neural interfaces and improved therapeutic outcomes, offering essential strategies for regenerative medicine.

Heterogenous Slippery Surfaces: Enabling Spontaneous and Rapid Transport of Viscous Liquids with Viscosities Exceeding 10 000 mPa s.

Superhydrophobic and slippery lubricant-infused surfaces have garnered significant attention for their potential to passively transport low-viscosity liquids like water (1 mPa s). Despite exciting progress, these designs have proven ineffective for transporting high-viscosity liquids such as polydimethylsiloxane (5500 mPa s) due to their inherent limitations imposed by the homogenous surface design, resulting in high viscous drags and compromised capillary forces. Here, a heterogenous water-infused divergent surface (WIDS) is proposed that achieves spontaneous, rapid, and long-distance transport of viscous liquids. WIDS reduces viscous drag by spatially isolating the viscous liquids and surface roughness through its heterogenous, slippery topological design, and generates capillary forces through its heterogenous wetting distributions. The essential role of surface heterogeneity in viscous liquid transport is theoretically and experimentally verified. Remarkably, such a heterogenous paradigm enables transporting liquids with viscosities exceeding 12 500 mPa s, which is two orders of magnitude higher than state-of-the-art techniques. Furthermore, this heterogenous design is generic for various viscous liquids and can be made flexible, making it promising for various systems that require viscous liquid management, such as micropatterning.

Ultrasensitive rapid detection of antibiotic resistance genes by electrochemical ratiometric genosensor based on 2D monolayer Ti3C2@AuNPs.

As an important emerging pollutant, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) monitoring is crucial to protect the ecological environment and public health, but its rapid and accurate detection is still a major challenge. In this study, a new single-labeled dual-signal output ratiometric electrochemical genosensor (E-DNA) was developed for the rapid and highly sensitive detection of ARGs using a synergistic signal amplification strategy of T3C2@Au nanoparticles (T3C2@AuNPs) and isothermal strand displacement polymerase reaction (ISDPR). Specially, two-dimensional monolayer T3C2 nanosheets loaded with uniformly gold nanoparticles were prepared and used as the sensing platform of the E-DNA sensor. Benefiting from excellent conductivity and large specific surface area of Ti3C2@AuNPs, the probe immobilization capacity of the E-DNA sensor is doubled, and electrochemical response signals of the E-DNA sensor were significantly improved. The proposed single-labeled dual-signal output ratiometric sensing strategy exhibits three to six times higher sensitivity for the sul2 gene than the single-signal sensing strategy, which significantly reduces cost meanwhile retaining the advantages of high sensitivity and reliability offered by conventional dual-labeled ratiometric sensors. Coupled with ISDPR amplification technology, the E-DNA sensor has a wider linear range from 10 fM to 10 nM and a limit of detection as low as 2.04 fM (S/N=3). More importantly, the E-DNA sensor demonstrates excellent specificity, good stability and reproducibility for target ARGs detection in real water samples. The proposed new sensing strategy provides a highly sensitive and versatile tool for the rapid and accurate quantitative analysis of various ARGs in environmental water samples.

Wrap-like transfer printing for three-dimensional curvy electronics.

Three-dimensional (3D) curvy electronics has wide-ranging application in biomedical health care, soft machine, and high-density curved imager. Limited by material properties, complex procedures, and coverage ability of existing fabrication techniques, the development of high-performance 3D curvy electronics remains challenging. Here, we propose an automated wrap-like transfer printing prototype for fabricating 3D curvy electronics. Assisted by a gentle and uniform pressure field, the prefabricated planar circuits on the petal-like stamp are integrated onto the target surface intactly with full coverage. The driving pressure for the wrapping is provided by the strain recovery of a prestrained elastic film triggered by the air pressure control. The wrapping configuration and strain distribution of the stamp are simulated by finite element analysis, and the pattern and thickness of the stamps are optimized. Demonstration of this strategy including spherical meander antenna, spherical light-emitting diode array, and spherical solar cell array illustrates its feasibility in the development of complex 3D curvy electronics.