RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Occupational hand and wrist injuries (OHWIs) account for 25% of work-related accidents in low- and middle-income countries. In Colombia, more than 500000 occupational accidents occurred in 2021, and although the rate declined to less than 5% in 2020 and 2021, at least one in four accidents involved a hand or wrist injury. AIM: To describe the OHWIs in workers seen at the emergency room at a second-level hospital in Colombia. METHODS: An observational study was performed using data from workers who experienced OHWIs and attended a second-level hospital, between June, 2020 and May, 2021. The overall frequency of OHWIs, as well as their distribution by sociodemographic, clinical, and occupational variables, are described. Furthermore, association patterns between sex, anatomical area (fingers, hand, wrist), and type of job were analyzed by correspondence analysis (CA). RESULTS: There were 2.101 workers treated for occupational accidents, 423 (20.3%) were cases of OHWIs, which mainly affected men (93.9%) with a median age of 31 years and who worked mainly in mining (75.9%). OHWIs were more common in the right upper extremity (55.3%) and comprised different types of injuries, such as contusion (42.1%), laceration (27.9%), fracture (18.7%), and crush injury (15.6%). They primarily affected the phalanges (95.2%), especially those of the first finger (25.7%). The CAs showed associations between the injured anatomical area and the worker's job that differed in men and women (explained variance > 90%). CONCLUSION: One out of five workers who suffered occupational accidents in Cundinamarca, Columbia had an OHWI, affecting mainly males employed in mining. This occupational profile is likely to lead to prolonged rehabilitation, and permanent functional limitations. Our results might be useful for adjusting preventive measures in cluster risk groups.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Video-capsule endoscopy (VCE) is an efficient tool that has proven to be highly useful in approaching several gastrointestinal diseases. VCE was implemented in Colombia in 2003, however current characterization of patients undergoing VCE in Colombia is limited, and mainly comes from two investigations conducted before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic period. AIM: To describe the characteristics of patients undergoing VCEs and establish the main indications, findings, technical limitations, and other outstanding features. METHODS: A descriptive study was carried out using data from reports of VCE (PillCam SB3 system) use in a Gastroenterology Unit in Bogotá, Colombia between September 2019 and January 2023. Demographic and clinical variables such as indication for the VCE, gastric and small bowel transit times (GTT, SBTT), endoscopic preparation quality, and limitations were described [n (%), median (IQR)]. RESULTS: A total of 133 VCE reports were analyzed. Most were in men with a median age of 70 years. The majority had good preparation (96.2%), and there were technical limitations in 15.8% of cases. The main indications were unexplained anemia (91%) or occult bleeding (23.3%). The median GTT and SBTT were 14 and 30 minutes, respectively. The frequencies of bleeding stigma (3.79%) and active bleeding (9.09%) were low, and the most frequent abnormal findings were red spots (28.3%), erosions (17.6%), and vascular ectasias (12.5%). CONCLUSION: VCE showed high-level safety. The main indication was unexplained anemia. Active bleeding was the most frequent finding. Combined with artificial intelligence, VCE can improve diagnostic precision and targeted therapeutic interventions.
RESUMEN
Burns affect 11 million people worldwide annually. Electrical burns are renowned for inflicting extensive harm and long-term consequences that can lead to severe illnesses and fatalities. People in both occupational and non-occupational settings may be exposed to electrical burns, leading to functional or anatomical consequences. We identified sociodemographic features related to electrical burns in both settings. A cross sectional design, using an open dataset of electrical shock injuries occurred in Colombia during 2010-2021 period, was carried out. Sociodemographic features of people injured in occupational and non-occupational settings were described in counts (%), incidence per 100.000 people (I0;95% CI). To identify related factors (age-sex adjusted) with injuries in occupational and non-occupational settings, we applied a Binary Logistic Regression. Over the 12-year period, there were 1.274 electrical burns (I0: 2.47;2.34-2.61), 287 in the occupational setting (I0: 1.35;1.20-1.51) and 987 in the non-occupational setting (I0: 3.25;3.05-3.46). Age median was 31 years, most cases distributed in middle adulthood (52.8%), males (88.1%), high school/technician (42.8%), urban location (73.7%), weekdays (95.3%), and daytime hours (85.5%). Factors related to electrical burns in the occupational setting were males, middle adulthood, high school/technician, Thursday, and daytime hours. Otherwise, factors related to electrical burns in the non-occupational setting were early childhood, primary school, urban location, and weekends. Both settings pose a risk of injuries to individuals. We have identified sociodemographic factors related to these injuries in both occupational and non-occupational settings, which could aid in preventing damages and long-term complications, especially among vulnerable subgroups such as determined above.
RESUMEN
Background: Asbestosis is a prevalent worldwide problem, but scarce data sourced from developing countries are available. We describe the sociodemographic characteristics and patterns in the occurrence of care provided for asbestosis in Colombia during the periods 2010-2014 and 2015-2019 to establish the behavior, trends, and variables associated with concentrations among people attended by asbestosis. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out with data from the Integrated Social Protection Information System (SISPRO) for two 5-year periods. People attended by asbestosis (ICD-10: J61) were identified; the frequency of patient visits, sociodemographic characteristics, case distribution patterns, and trends in both five-year periods were described, as was the crude frequency (cFr, 95% CI) of asbestosis (1,000,000 people/year) in both five-year periods (cFr ratio, 95% CI). Results: During the period 2010-2019, 765 people attended by asbestosis were identified; there were 308 people attended by asbestosis between 2010-2014 (cFr: 2.20, 1.96-2.47), and ther were 457 people attended by asbestos between 2015-2019 (cFr: 3.14, 2.92-3.50). In both periods, the estimated cFr in men was nine times the estimated cFr in women. The cFr increased in the 2015-2019 period (cFr_ratio: 1.23, 1.06-1.43). Compared with the 2010-2014 period, the cFr of asbestosis increased in women (cFr_ratio: 1.44, 1.03-2.01), in the Andean (cFr_ratio: 1.61, 1.35-1.95) and Caribbean regions (cFr_ratio: 1. 66, 1.21-2.30), in the urban area (cFr_ratio: 1.24, 1.05-1.48), and in the age groups 45-59 years (cFr_ratio: 1.34, 1.001-1.79) and ≥60 years (cFr_ratio: 1.43, 1.13-1.83). Discussion: During two five-year periods, the cFr of asbestosis was higher in men; between the first and second five-year periods, it increased significantly, especially in urbanized geographic areas and in populations aged ≥45 years. The estimates possibly reflect the effect of disease latency or the expected impact of public health policies to monitor asbestos exposure and complications.
Asunto(s)
Asbestosis , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Asbestosis/epidemiología , Colombia/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Región del Caribe , Política PúblicaRESUMEN
Aim: Heavy metal concentration [mg/dL, MP] in soil and the transfer to vegetable organs may have a sampling effect. We compared the [MP] in soil and organ samples of Beta vulgaris collected in sites with socioeconomic differences potentially inducing phytotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Samples of Beta vulgaris and soils (n = 4 per sample of soil and plant material) were randomly collected from two distant geographic areas (Mosquera and Sibaté, Cundinamarca, Colombia). We determined the [MP] using acid digestion of HCl : HNO3 [1 : 1]; the [MP] was obtained by atomic absorption in Varian AA-140 and Shimadzu AA-7000 equipment. A two-way ANOVA estimated the effect (partial η2) of the sampling site and metal type on the [MP] and transfer to the vegetable. Results: In Sibaté, the means (SD) of As_1.44 (0.18), Co_1.09 (0.51), Cr_6.21 (0.33), Ni_0.22 (0.02), and Pb_4.17 (0.87) were higher than in Mosquera (As_1.06 (0.21), Co_0.81 (0.19), Cr_3.72 (0.51), Ni_0.13 (0.04), and Pb_1.69 (0.40)) (p value <0.05). The effect of the interaction between the metal type and Beta vulgaris organs on the [MP] (0.801) in Sibaté was more meaningful than in Mosquera (0.430). Additionally, there was a strong correlation (Spearman's ρ > 0.8, p value <0.001) between [MP_soil] and [MP_plants] and between the transfer of metals to the plant and to the leaves. Discussion. The sampling location has a differential effect on the [MP] in soil and the transfer to Beta vulgaris. Given the differential effect described, the monitoring and phytoremediation strategies must be adjusted to scenarios with potentially phytotoxic conditions.
Asunto(s)
Beta vulgaris , Metales Pesados , Contaminantes del Suelo , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Plomo , Metales Pesados/análisis , Suelo , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , VerdurasRESUMEN
We performed phylogenomic analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 from 88 infected individuals across different regions of Colombia. Eleven different lineages were detected, suggesting multiple introduction events. Pangolin lineages B.1 and B.1.5 were the most frequent, with B.1 being associated with prior travel to high-risk areas.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19/virología , Variación Genética , Genoma Viral , Filogenia , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Adulto , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/transmisión , Colombia/epidemiología , Femenino , Geografía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , ARN Viral/genética , ViajeRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Asymptomatic carriers (AC) of the new SARS-CoV-2 represent an important source of spread for COVID-19. Early diagnosis of these cases is a powerful tool to control the pandemic. Our objective was to characterise patients with AC status and identify associated sociodemographic factors. METHODS: Using a cross-sectional design and the national database of daily occurrence of COVID-19, we characterised both socially and demographically all ACs. Additional correspondence analysis and logistic regression model were performed to identify characteristics associated with AC state (OR, 95% CI). RESULTS: 76.162 ACs (12.1%; 95% CI 12.0% to 12.2%) were identified, mainly before epidemiological week 35. Age≤26 years (1.18; 1.09 to 1.28), male sex (1.51; 1.40 to 1.62), cases imported from Venezuela, Argentina, Brazil, Germany, Puerto Rico, Spain, USA or Mexico (12.6; 3.03 to 52.5) and autochthonous cases (22.6; 5.62 to 91.4) increased the risk of identifying ACs. We also identified groups of departments with moderate (1.23; 1.13 to 1.34) and strong (19.8; 18.6 to 21.0) association with ACs. CONCLUSION: Sociodemographic characteristics strongly associated with AC were identified, which may explain its epidemiological relevance and usefulness to optimise mass screening strategies and prevent person-to-person transmission.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19/epidemiología , Portador Sano/epidemiología , Adulto , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/transmisión , Portador Sano/diagnóstico , Portador Sano/transmisión , Colombia , Estudios Transversales , Bases de Datos Factuales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Venezuela and Colombia both adopted measures of containment early in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, Venezuela's ongoing humanitarian crisis has decimated its health care system, and forced millions of Venezuelans to flee through its porous border with Colombia. The extensive shared border, and illegal cross-border transit through improvised trails between the two countries are major challenges for public health authorities. We report the first SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Venezuela, and present a snapshot of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemiologic landscape in the Colombian-Venezuelan border region. METHODS: We sequenced and assembled viral genomes from total RNA extracted from nasopharyngeal (NP) clinical specimens using a custom reference-based analysis pipeline. Three assemblies obtained were subjected to typing using the Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak LINeages 'Pangolin' tool. A total of 376 publicly available SARS-CoV-2 genomes from South America were obtained from the GISAID database to perform comparative genomic analyses. Additionally, the Wuhan-1 strain was used as reference. RESULTS: We found that two of the SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Venezuela belonged to the B1 lineage, and the third to the B.1.13 lineage. We observed a point mutation in the Spike protein gene (D614G substitution), previously reported to be associated with increased infectivity, in all three Venezuelan genomes. Additionally, three mutations (R203K/G204R substitution) were present in the nucleocapsid (N) gene of one Venezuelan genome. CONCLUSIONS: Genomic sequencing demonstrates similarity between SARS-CoV-2 lineages from Venezuela and viruses collected from patients in bordering areas in Colombia and from Brazil, consistent with cross-border transit despite administrative measures including lockdowns. The presence of mutations associated with increased infectivity in the 3 Venezuelan genomes we report and Colombian SARS-CoV-2 genomes from neighboring borders areas may pose additional challenges for control of SARS-CoV-2 spread in the complex epidemiological landscape in Latin American countries. Public health authorities should carefully follow the progress of the pandemic and its impact on displaced populations within the region.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/transmisión , COVID-19/virología , Colombia , Genoma Viral/genética , Humanos , Mutación/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/genética , SARS-CoV-2/clasificación , SARS-CoV-2/genética , VenezuelaRESUMEN
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200266.].
RESUMEN
This study aimed to analyse the patterns of diversity, blood sources and Leishmania species of phlebotomines in a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Arboledas, Eastern Colombia. In total, 1729 phlebotomines were captured in two localities (62.3% Siravita and 37.7% Cinera) and five environments of Norte de Santander. We identified 18 species of phlebotomines: Pintomyia ovallesi (29.8%), Psychodopygus davisi (20.3%), Pi. spinicrassa (18.5%) and Lutzomyia gomezi (15.8%) showed the highest abundance. Species diversities were compared between Cinera (15.00) and Siravita (20.00) and among five microenvironments: forest remnants (19.49), coffee plantations (12.5), grassland (12.99), cane plantations (11.66) and citrus plantations (12.22). Leishmania DNA was detected in 5.8% (80/1380) of females, corresponding mainly to Pi. ovallesi (22/80; 27.2%), Lu. gomezi (17/80; 21.3%) and Pi. spinicrassa (11/80; 13.8%). Leishmania species were 63.1% L. braziliensis, 18.5% L. panamensis, 13.2% L. infantum and 6.1% L. amazonensis. The most frequent feeding sources were Homo sapiens (50%), Bos taurus (13.8%) and Canis lupus familiaris (10.3%). This focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis has a high diversity of Leishmania-carrying phlebotomines that feed on domestic animals. The transmission of leishmaniasis to human hosts was mainly associated with Lu. gomezi, Pi. ovallesi and L. braziliensis.
RESUMEN
Heavy metal contamination in water resources, soil, and food sources is an issue that compromises food safety in Sibaté, Colombia. In the present study concentration of heavy metals [HMs], such as Cu, As, Pb, Cr, Zn, Co, Cd and Ni, present in vegetables included in the typical Colombian diet were measured. The study was conducted as follows: samples of parsley, artichoke and carrots produced in a location near the Muña dam were collected, where the Bogotá River water is treated for use as a water resource. To determine food safety, national and international [HMs] established limits were compared with quantified [HMs] in samples of different vegetable parts and of the surrounding soil. Fresh samples were separated in their respective parts for cold acid digestion with HCl and HNO3 (1:1) for 15 days. Heavy metal mean ± standard error (SE) were as follows (mg/kg) As 2.36 ± 0.185, Cd 0.16 ± 0.009, Co 0.43 ± 0.019, Cr 12.1 ± 0.453, Cu 13.1 ± 1.68, Ni 0.00, Pb 7.07 ± 0.482 and Zn 3.976 ± 0.332. Cd, Cr, As, Co and Ni showed high transfer factor in Cynara scolymus. Moreover, high Pb, Cu and Zn transfer factor were present in Petroselinum crispum. Except for Daucus carota roots, there was a high metal transfer specifically in Petroselinum crispum leaves and other different plant parts, with high transfer factor for Cr, As, Co, Pb, Cu and Zn.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones Asintomáticas , Betacoronavirus , Portador Sano , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Neumonía Viral/epidemiología , Viaje , COVID-19 , China/epidemiología , Infecciones por Coronavirus/transmisión , Humanos , Pandemias/estadística & datos numéricos , Neumonía Viral/transmisión , Factores de Riesgo , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Cocaine and ethanol (EtOH) co-consumption is a risk factor for physiologically and clinically negative outcomes. We describe the occurrence of cocaine consumption alone or co-consumption with EtOH and others psychotropics. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The descriptive research used data on medical records of patients positive to cocaine test who attended an emergency room between 2016 and 2017. We determined the frequency of cocaine consumption alone and co-consumption with EtOH, cannabis or benzodiazepines (BZDs). RESULTS: Over one year period, 88 patients (13.3%) were positive to cocaine test, mainly attended on weekends, in holiday months, young adults or men. Among those positive for cocaine, 72% were also positive for EtOH, cannabis or BZD. Cocaine co-consumption with one or two out of three substance was 55.2% (CI95%; 44.7-65.8%) and 16.4% (CI95%;8.58-24.3%), respectively. Co-consumption was more frecuently wih EtOH, followed by cannabis or BZD. CONCLUSION: Co-consumption of cocaine with EtOH is very common and could be associated with acute or chronic consumption of cannabis or acute exposure to BZDs. It is important that emergency physicians use a systematic approach to diagnose and treat more than one psychotropic substance in cocaine positive patients.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and is transmitted by hematophagous insects of the family Reduviidae. Psammolestes arthuri is a sylvatic triatomine distributed in Colombia and Venezuela which feeds on birds and there are a few studies that have reported Ps. arthuri naturally infected with T. cruzi. In Colombia, Ps. arthuri has been found in dwellings, making it important to evaluate its possible role in the T. cruzi transmission cycle. We aimed to evaluate the presence of T. cruzi and feeding sources of Ps. arthuri to elucidate new possible scenarios of T. cruzi transmission in the country. METHODS: A total of 60 Ps. arthuri were collected in Arauca and Casanare, Colombia. We detected and genotyped T. cruzi and identified feeding sources. The frequency of the presence of T. cruzi was obtained and compared with different eco-epidemiological variables. Multiple correspondence analysis was conducted to explore associations between eco-epidemiological variables and the presence of T. cruzi; with these results, a logistic regression was used to determine statistical associations. RESULTS: The infection rate of T. cruzi was 70.7% and was mostly associated with insect stage, sex, bird nest and feeding source. Regarding discrete typing units (DTUs), TcI was found in 54.7% samples, of which 21.7% (5/23) were TcIDom, 52.1% (12/23) had mixed infection (TcIDom-TcISylv), and single infection with TcISylv was not detected. Mixed infections (TcI/TcII-TcVI) were found in 9.52% (4/42) of the samples; of these, 14.2% (6/42) were TcII-TcVI. A total of 15 feeding sources were identified and the most frequent were: Cranioleuca baroni (35.85%), Homo sapiens (26.42%), Thraupis episcopus (11.32%) and Serinus albogularis (3.77%). CONCLUSIONS: Although Ps. arthuri is mainly ornithophilic, this species may be feeding on other animals that can be infected with T. cruzi, possibly playing a role maintaining the zoonotic cycle of the parasite. Further studies with molecular techniques and wider sampling are needed to improve information regarding infection rates, ecotopes and habits with the aim of evaluating whether Ps. arthuri could be a potential T. cruzi vector.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Chagas/transmisión , Insectos Vectores/parasitología , Triatominae/parasitología , Trypanosoma cruzi/fisiología , Animales , Aves/parasitología , Colombia , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Técnicas de Genotipaje , Humanos , Masculino , Tipificación Molecular , Trypanosoma cruzi/genéticaRESUMEN
Molecular methods have been developed for the detection and quantification of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in blood samples from patients with Chagas disease. However, aspects of sample processing necessary for quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), such as the addition of guanidine hydrochloride to whole blood samples, may limit timely access to molecular diagnosis. We analysed 169 samples from serum and guanidine-EDTA blood (GEB) obtained from patients in acute and chronic phases of Chagas disease. We applied qPCR targeted to the satellite DNA region. Finally, we compared the parasite loads and cycle of threshold values of the qPCR. The results confirmed the usefulness of serum samples for the detection and quantification of parasite DNA in patients with Chagas disease, especially in the acute phase. However, the parasite loads detected in serum samples from patients in the chronic phase were lower than those detected in GEB samples. The epidemiological implications of the findings are herein discussed.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad Aguda , Enfermedad de Chagas/parasitología , Carga de Parásitos , Parasitemia/diagnóstico , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Adulto , Enfermedad de Chagas/sangre , ADN Protozoario/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Biología Molecular , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (TL) is a neglected disease with worldwide distribution and considered a public health problem, especially in Latin America. In Colombia, the governmental epidemiological surveillance system (SIVIGILA) is responsible for collecting information on the presentation of cases of TL from each of the municipalities and departments. In absence of a study compiling and analyzing currently available metadata of TL in Colombia, this study describes the geospatial-temporal distribution of TL and identifies the regions of the country on which prevention measures should be established in order to control the disease. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: This is an exploratory descriptive analysis of the distribution of TL in Colombia. Information was collected on new cases of the disease during the years 2007-2016 from the Colombian reporting system (SIVIGILA). Incidence calculations were made based on population estimates by departments and biogeographical regions. Time evolution is shown in biennial maps. A 10-year series was analyzed, showing that the Amazon region is the most affected in terms of incidence, while the Andean region has the highest number of cases with a high variability among the departments that make it up. In those departments where there is a greater reported diversity of vector species, a large number of cases was observed. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Transmission dynamics of TL in Colombia in the past 10 years have been variable, with a greater concentration of cases in the central and southern departments. The present study contributes to improve the understanding of the patterns of distribution of TL in Colombia and can be a basis for future studies of impact evaluation of Health policies in the country and the region.
Asunto(s)
Leishmania/fisiología , Leishmaniasis/epidemiología , Ciudades , Colombia/epidemiología , Humanos , Incidencia , Leishmania/aislamiento & purificación , Leishmaniasis/parasitología , Leishmaniasis/transmisión , Enfermedades Desatendidas , Análisis Espacio-TemporalRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Dysmenorrhea is a frequent and misdiagnosed symptom affecting the quality of life in young women. A working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) score was designed to diagnose dysmenorrhea and to predict medical leave. METHODS: This cross-sectional design included young medical students, who completed a self-administered questionnaire that contained the verbal rating score (VRS; pain and drug subscales) and WaLIDD scales. The correlation between scales was established through Spearman test. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratio (LR +/-) were evaluated to diagnose students availing medical leave due to dysmenorrhea; moreover, to predict medical leave in students with dysmenorrhea, a binary logistic regression was performed. RESULTS: In all, 585 students, with a mean age of 21 years and menarche at 12 years, participated. Most of them had regular cycles, 5 days of menstrual blood flow and 1-2 days of lower abdominal pain. The WaLIDD scale presented an adequate internal consistency and strong correlation with VRS subscales. With a cutoff of >6 for WaLIDD and 2 for VRS subscales (drug subscale and pain subscale) to identify students with dysmenorrhea, these scales presented an area under the curve (AUC) ROC of 0.82, 0.62, and 0.67, respectively. To identify students taking medical leave due to dysmenorrhea, WaLIDD (cutoff >9) and VRS subscales (cutoff >2) presented an AUC ROC of 0.97, 0.68, and 0.81; moreover, the WaLIDD scale showed a good LR +14.2 (95% CI, 13.5-14.9), LR -0.00 (95% CI, undefined), and predictive risk (OR 5.38; 95% CI, 1.78-16.2). CONCLUSION: This research allowed a comparison between two multidimensional scales regarding their capabilities, one previously validated and a new one, to discriminate among the general population of medical students, among those with dysmenorrhea or those availing medical leave secondary to dysmenorrhea. WaLIDD score showed a larger effect size than the pain and drug score in the students. In addition, this study demonstrated the ability to predict this combination of events.
RESUMEN
Introducción: se denomina infección asociada a la atención en salud (IAAS) a toda infección contraída por un paciente durante su tratamiento en un hospital, y que dicho paciente no tenía ni estaba incubando en el momento de su ingreso. En el mundo afectan a uno de cada 20 pacientes hospitalizados; en Colombia, la incidencia es del 5,9 % del total de pacientes hospitalizados. Objetivos: describir las características de las IAAS en pediatría y caracterizar los términos utilizados durante la atención de pacientes pediátricos con IAAS. Fecha y lugar: Clínica Juan N. Corpas, julio de 2016- julio de 2017. Métodos: estudio descriptivo dividido en tres fases; fase 1: se realizó una búsqueda sistemática sobre IAAS en pediatría en EBSCO, PubMed y LILACS; fase 2: se diseñaron casos clínicos de infecciones, los cuales fueron entregados a profesionales de la salud, como médicos pediatras y neonatos, médicos generales y enfermeras, y a personal administrativo, como auditores que tuvieran contacto con la población pediátrica; se les solicitó que hicieran un breve análisis de los casos para concebir un modelo teórico de factores predictivos o presentes al momento del diagnóstico; fase 3: se revisaron los registros de pacientes con diagnóstico de IAAS durante el periodo 2014-2016, y se identificaron las características demográficas, sociales y clínicas de esos pacientes. Se calcularon frecuencias y los datos cualitativos se analizaron mediante Atlas ti 8.0. Resultados: en la búsqueda sistemática se identificaron términos predictivos de IAAS comunes en las tres bases de datos, como neonatos, sexo masculino, cirugía, entre otros; se obtuvieron términos utilizados por profesionales de la salud que coincidían con los hallados en la literatura científica y, por último, se identificaron y se analizaron los casos de IAAS de una clínica de III Nivel, a raíz de lo cual se encontró una tasa de IAAS de 0,46 por cada 100 egresos hospitalarios. Conclusión: existen términos que pueden ser interpretados como factores predictivos para contribuir al diagnóstico temprano de una IAAS
Introduction: Infections Associated With Health Care (IAHC) are all infections contracted by a patient during treatment in a hospital or other health center, and that said patient was not and was not incubating at the time of admission. In the world, 1 in 20 inpatients are affected, and in Colombia the incidence is 5.9 % of all hospitalized patients. Objective: To describe the characteristics of IAAS in pediatrics and to characterize the terms used during the care of pediatric patients with IAAS. Date and place: Juan N. Corpas Clinic, July 2016-July 2017. Methods: Descriptive study divided into three phases; Phase 1: A systematic search was performed on IAAS in pediatrics in EBSCO, PubMed and LILACS; Phase 2: clinical cases of infections were designed, which were delivered to health professionals who had contact with the pediatric population, requesting that they make a brief analysis of the cases to make a theoretical model of predictive or present factors at the time of diagnosis, phase 3: the records of patients diagnosed with IAAS during the period between 2014-2016 were reviewed and the demographic, social and clinical characteristics of these patients were identified. Frequencies were calculated and the qualitative data were analyzed Atlas ti 8.0. Results: In the systematic search, predictive terms of common IAAS were identified in the three databases as neonates, male sex, surgery among others, terms used by health professionals were obtained that coincided with those found in the scientific literature and finally were identified and analyzed the IAAS cases of a third level clinic, finding an IAAS rate of 0.46 per 100 hospital discharges. Conclusion: There are terms that can be interpreted as predictive factors contributing to the early diagnosis of an IAAS.
Introdução: Chama-se infecção associada à assistência à saúde (IAAS) a qualquer infecção contraída por um paciente durante o tratamento em um hospital e que o paciente não estava incubando no momento da entrada. No mundo afetam um em cada 20 pacientes hospitalizados e na Colômbia a incidência é de 5,9 % do total de pacientes hospitalizados. Objetivos: Descrever as características do IAAS em pediatria e caracterizar os termos usados durante o atendimento de pacientes pediátricos com IAAS. Data e local: Clínica de Juan N. Corpas, julho 2016- julho de 2017. Métodos: Estudo descritivo dividido em três fases; Fase 1: Uma busca sistemática foi realizada no IAAS em pediatria na EBSCO, PubMed e LILACS; fase 2: foram desenhados casos clínicos de infecções, entregues a profissionais de saúde, como pediatras e neonatolos, clínicos gerais, enfermeiros e equipe administrativa, como auditores que tiveram contato com a população pediátrica, solicitando a eles uma breve análise dos casos para fazer um modelo teórico de fatores preditivos ou presentes no momento do diagnóstico, fase 3: Revisamos os registros de pacientes diagnosticados com IAAS durante o periodo de 2014-2016 e identificamos as características demográficas, sociais e clínicas daqueles pacientes As frequências foram calculadas e os dados qualitativos foram analisados Atlas ti 8.0. Resultados: Na busca sistemática, foram identificados termos preditivos de IAAS comuns nas três bases de dados como neonatos, sexo masculino, cirurgia entre outros, termos utilizados pelos profissionais de saúde que coincidiram com os encontrados na literatura científica e por fim foram identificados e analisaram os casos de IAAS de uma clínica de terceiro nível, encontrando uma taxa de IAAS de 0,46 por 100 altas hospitalares. Conclusão: Há termos que podem ser interpretados como fatores preditivos que contribuem para o diagnóstico precoce de um IAAS