Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 3 de 3
Filtrar
Más filtros




Base de datos
Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
Int J Epidemiol ; 51(5): 1568-1580, 2022 10 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35201265

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The incidences of heart disease (HD) and congenital heart disease (CHD) among Inuit in Greenland (GL) and Denmark (DK) are unknown. This study aims to estimate incidence rates (IRs) of HD and CHD among the young Inuit populations in Greenland and Denmark compared with rates among young non-Inuit populations in the same countries. METHODS: A register-based nationwide cohort including all individuals living in Greenland and Denmark from birth to age <40 years through 1989-2014 was formed. Ethnicity was considered Inuit/mixed if at least one parent was registered as being born in Greenland. Information on HD and CHD hospitalization was obtained from national inpatient registers using ICD-8 and ICD-10 codes. RESULTS: HD IR was lower among individuals living in Greenland compared with those living in Denmark, [73.35GL (95% confidence interval (CI) 68.07 to 79.03)] vs [88.07DK (95% CI 87.38 to 88.76)], whereas CHD IRs were almost similar in the two countries [IR 34.44GL (95% CI 30.89 to 38.40) vs IR 34.67DK (95% CI 34.24 to 35.10)]. Being of Inuit/mixed ethnicity was associated with an increased risk of both HD and CHD compared with non-Inuit in Greenland and Denmark [adjusted hazard ratio HD 2.07GL (95% CI 1.25 to 3.42)] and CHD [2.92GL (95% CI 1.34 to 6.38)]. CONCLUSION: HD IR was lower in individuals living in Greenland compared with individuals living in Denmark, whereas the CHD IRs were almost the same for both countries. However, the risk of HD including CHD was higher among individuals of Inuit/mixed ethnicity compared with non-Inuit in both countries, suggesting a role of ethnicity among children and younger adults.


Asunto(s)
Cardiopatías , Inuk , Adulto , Niño , Estudios de Cohortes , Dinamarca/epidemiología , Groenlandia/epidemiología , Humanos , Incidencia , Adulto Joven
2.
Br J Sports Med ; 53(18): 1183-1192, 2019 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30878970

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate effects of active bike commuting or leisure-time exercise of two intensities on peripheral insulin sensitivity (primary outcome), cardiorespiratory fitness and intra-abdominal adipose tissue mass (secondary outcomes). METHODS: 188 physically inactive, healthy women and men (20-45 years) with overweight or class 1 obesity were recruited. In the 6-month trial, 130 participants were randomised to either: no intervention (CON), active commuting (BIKE) or leisure-time exercise of moderate (MOD, 50% VO2peak) or vigorous (VIG, 70% VO2peak) intensity. 100 completed follow-up testing. Exercise prescription was 5 days/week with a weekly exercise energy expenditure of 1600 kcal for women and 2100 kcal for men. Testing was performed at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. RESULTS: Peripheral insulin sensitivity (ml/min/pmol insulin/L) increased (improved) by 24% (95% CI 6% to 46%, p=0.01) in VIG compared with CON at 3 months. Peripheral insulin sensitivity increased (improved) by 20% in BIKE (95% CI 1% to 43%, p=0.04) and 26% in VIG (95% CI 7% to 47%, p<0.01) compared with CON at 6 months. Cardiorespiratory fitness increased in all exercise groups compared with CON at 6 months; but the increase was higher in those that undertook vigorous exercise than those who did moderate exercise. Intra-abdominal adipose tissue mass diminished across all exercise groups in comparison to CON at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Active bike commuting improved cardiometabolic health; as did leisure-time exercise. Leisure-time exercise of vigorous intensity conferred more rapid effects on peripheral insulin sensitivity as well as additional effects on cardiorespiratory fitness than did moderate intensity exercise. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01962259.


Asunto(s)
Ciclismo/fisiología , Capacidad Cardiovascular/fisiología , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Resistencia a la Insulina/fisiología , Grasa Intraabdominal/fisiopatología , Obesidad/terapia , Sobrepeso/terapia , Adulto , Composición Corporal , Femenino , Humanos , Actividades Recreativas , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/fisiopatología , Sobrepeso/fisiopatología , Cooperación del Paciente , Pacientes Desistentes del Tratamiento , Transportes , Adulto Joven
3.
Sleep ; 41(8)2018 08 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29771387

RESUMEN

Study Objectives: To investigate the activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in patients with type 1 narcolepsy during cold exposure using two separate scans of sympathetic and metabolic activity of BAT to evaluate whether orexin deficiency leads to altered nonshivering thermoregulation in narcolepsy. Methods: Seven patients with type 1 narcolepsy and seven healthy controls underwent two consecutive scans after 2 hr cold exposure: 123I-meta-iodo-benzyl-guanidine (123I-MIBG) single photon emission computed tomography and18F-2-deoxy-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography and computed tomography to visualize sympathetic innervation and metabolic activity of BAT, respectively. Plasma levels of eight hormones regulating BAT activity were measured before and after 2 hr in the cold. Results: 18F-FDG-uptake and uptake of 123I-MIBG in BAT after 2 hr cold exposure were observed in all individuals, but the activity of BAT was not significantly different between patients with type 1 narcolepsy and healthy controls (p > 0.05). Plasma levels of GLP-1 were higher in patients with type 1 narcolepsy compared with controls (p < 0.05), but not altered by cold adaptation in patients and controls (p > 0.05). FGF21 concentrations decreased after 2 hr cold exposure in both patients with type 1 narcolepsy and healthy participants (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Sympathetic and metabolic activity of BAT was observed after cold exposure in patients with type 1 narcolepsy. Increased GLP-1 in narcolepsy may suggest autonomic dysfunction with metabolic changes. We conclude that BAT is functional after cold exposure in spite of the loss of orexinergic neurons in narcolepsy.


Asunto(s)
Tejido Adiposo Pardo/metabolismo , Factores de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/sangre , Péptido 1 Similar al Glucagón/sangre , Narcolepsia/patología , Orexinas/deficiencia , Termogénesis/fisiología , 3-Yodobencilguanidina/metabolismo , Adulto , Frío , Femenino , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18/metabolismo , Voluntarios Sanos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones/métodos , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión de Fotón Único , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA