RESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: B lymphocyte is the dominant infiltrating cell type in periodontitis lesions. CXCL13, produced by follicular dendritic cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts, is crucial for B-cell trafficking. An association between chronic inflammation and lymphoid organogenesis has been reported in infection and in autoimmune responses, in which T-cell/B-cell follicles with a follicular dendritic cell network are formed. The aim of this study was to examine CXCL13 expression and follicular dendritic cell distribution in relation to B-cell infiltration in chronic inflammatory periodontal lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-eight gingival tissue biopsies from patients with periodontitis and 25 samples from subjects with gingivitis were analyzed. Gene expression for CXCL13 and for the CD21 long isoform was analyzed using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using antibodies to CXCL13, CXCR5, follicular dendritic cells, CD3 and CD19 on serial cryostat sections. RESULTS: mRNA for CXCL13 was expressed in both periodontitis and gingivitis tissues. The number of CXCL13+ cells was significantly higher in periodontitis than in gingivitis in connective tissues subjacent to the pocket epithelium and positively correlated with the number of CD19+ cells. CXCL13+ cells were distributed in B-cell-dominant areas both with and without follicular dendritic cells. Although obvious reticular networks of follicular dendritic cells were not found in periodontitis and gingivitis, the accumulation of follicular dendritic cells in B-cell-dominant areas in periodontitis was observed in some patients. CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that CXCL13 and follicular dendritic cells were involved in B-cell recruitment to, and B-cell distribution in, chronic inflammatory periodontal lesions.
Asunto(s)
Linfocitos B/fisiología , Quimiocina CXCL13/biosíntesis , Periodontitis Crónica/inmunología , Células Dendríticas Foliculares/metabolismo , Antígenos CD19/biosíntesis , Movimiento Celular , Periodontitis Crónica/metabolismo , Expresión Génica , Gingivitis/inmunología , Gingivitis/metabolismo , Humanos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Persona de Mediana Edad , Receptores CXCR5/biosíntesis , Receptores de Complemento 3d/biosíntesis , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa InversaRESUMEN
CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Tr) cells are critical in regulating the immune response and thereby play an important role in the defense against infection and control of autoimmune diseases. Our previous studies demonstrated the involvement of autoimmune responses in periodontitis. The aim of this study was to identify CD4+CD25+ Tr cells in periodontitis tissues and compare them with those in gingivitis tissues. Immunohistological analysis of CD4, CD25, and CTLA-4 and the gene expression analysis of FOXP3, TGF-beta1, and IL-10 on gingival biopsies revealed the presence of CD4+CD25+ Tr cells in all tissues. In periodontitis, the percentage of CD4+CD25+ Tr cells increased with increasing proportions of B-cells relative to T-cells. FOXP3, a characteristic marker for CD4+CD25+ Tr cells, TGF-beta1 and IL-10 were expressed more highly in periodontitis compared with gingivitis. These findings suggest that CD4+CD25+ Tr cells and possibly other regulatory T-cell populations do exist and may play regulatory roles in periodontal diseases.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos CD4/metabolismo , Gingivitis/inmunología , Periodontitis/inmunología , Receptores de Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/inmunología , Anciano , Antígenos CD4/genética , Quimiotaxis de Leucocito/inmunología , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción Forkhead , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Interleucina-10/genética , Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Receptores de Interleucina-2/genética , Valores de Referencia , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T/citología , Linfocitos T/citología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Linfocitos T/metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/genética , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1RESUMEN
It has been reported that there is a relationship between a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter region of the CD14 gene at position -159 (C-->T) and infectious diseases. The aim of the present study was to test the hypthesis that expression of this SNP correlates with periodontal disease in a Japanese population. The CD14 genotype was determined in 163 subjects with periodontitis and in 104 age- and gender-matched control subjects without periodontitis. The genotype distribution and allele frequency within the periodontitis patients were not significantly different from those of control subjects. There was, however, a significant difference in the genotype distribution between young patients (< 35 yrs) and older patients (>/==" BORDER="0"> 35 yrs). These findings suggest that CD14 -159C/T polymorphism is not related to the development of periodontitis in a Japanese population, but that, within the periodontitis subjects, expression of the SNP may be related to early disease activity.