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1.
JAMA Dermatol ; 156(9): 963-972, 2020 09 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32756880

RESUMEN

Importance: Persistent radiation-induced alopecia (pRIA) and its management have not been systematically described. Objective: To characterize pRIA in patients with primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors or head and neck sarcoma. Design, Setting, and Participants: A retrospective cohort study of patients from January 1, 2011, to January 30, 2019, was conducted at 2 large tertiary care hospitals and comprehensive cancer centers. Seventy-one children and adults diagnosed with primary CNS tumors or head and neck sarcomas were evaluated for pRIA. Main Outcomes and Measures: The clinical and trichoscopic features, scalp radiation dose-response relationship, and response to topical minoxidil were assessed using standardized clinical photographs of the scalp, trichoscopic images, and radiotherapy treatment plans. Results: Of the 71 patients included (median [range] age, 27 [4-75] years; 51 female [72%]), 64 (90%) had a CNS tumor and 7 (10%) had head and neck sarcoma. Alopecia severity was grade 1 in 40 of 70 patients (56%), with localized (29 of 54 [54%]), diffuse (13 of 54 [24%]), or mixed (12 of 54 [22%]) patterns. The median (range) estimated scalp radiation dose was 39.6 (15.1-50.0) Gy; higher dose (odds ratio [OR], 1.15; 95% CI, 1.04-1.28) and proton irradiation (OR, 5.7; 95% CI, 1.05-30.8) were associated with greater alopecia severity (P < .001), and the dose at which 50% of patients were estimated to have severe (grade 2) alopecia was 36.1 Gy (95% CI, 33.7-39.6 Gy). Predominant trichoscopic features included white patches (16 of 28 [57%]); in 15 patients, hair-shaft caliber negatively correlated with scalp dose (correlation coefficient, -0.624; P = .01). The association between hair density and scalp radiation dose was not statistically significant (-0.381; P = .16). Twenty-eight of 34 patients (82%) responded to topical minoxidil, 5% (median follow-up, 61 [interquartile range, 21-105] weeks); 4 of 25 (16%) topical minoxidil recipients with clinical images improved in severity grade. Two patients responded to hair transplantation and 1 patient responded to plastic surgical reconstruction. Conclusions and Relevance: Persistent radiation-induced alopecia among patients with primary CNS tumors or head and neck sarcomas represents a dose-dependent phenomenon that has distinctive clinical and trichoscopic features. The findings of this study suggest that topical minoxidil and procedural interventions may have benefit in the treatment of pRIA.


Asunto(s)
Alopecia/diagnóstico , Irradiación Craneana/efectos adversos , Minoxidil/administración & dosificación , Traumatismos por Radiación/diagnóstico , Cuero Cabelludo/cirugía , Administración Tópica , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Alopecia/etiología , Alopecia/terapia , Neoplasias del Sistema Nervioso Central/radioterapia , Niño , Preescolar , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Femenino , Cabello/efectos de la radiación , Cabello/trasplante , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/radioterapia , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Traumatismos por Radiación/etiología , Traumatismos por Radiación/terapia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Cuero Cabelludo/efectos de la radiación , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto Joven
2.
J Dermatolog Treat ; 25(4): 345-9, 2014 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23210735

RESUMEN

Local administration of corticosteroids has been demonstrated to have both beneficial and detrimental effects on wound healing. The advantages of limiting localized edema must be weighed against corticosteroids' disadvantageous inhibition of the normal growth factor profile production that is essential for would healing. A single-center prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blind study of 57 patients undergoing hair restoration surgery (HRS) by one of three different surgeons revealed: 1) no dehiscence along the donor wound; 2) no statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in wound edge apposition noted between patients receiving or not receiving intralesional corticosteroids at any of the four measured scalp regions and 3) a non-statistically significant trend emerged suggesting the benefit of corticosteroid at the temples (points of decreased donor closing tension) versus its potential hindrance along the mastoids (points of increased tension). These results suggest that peri-incisional triamcinolone acetonide (PITMC) does not have a statistically significant effect on donor wound edge apposition within 8-10 days of HRS. A subtle, though not statistically significant, trend emerged demonstrating the benefit of PITMC with respect to early phase donor wound edge apposition in areas of least donor closing tension and the hindrance of PITMC in regions of increased tension.


Asunto(s)
Cicatriz/tratamiento farmacológico , Glucocorticoides/administración & dosificación , Cabello/trasplante , Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Triamcinolona Acetonida/administración & dosificación , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Adulto , Femenino , Glucocorticoides/farmacología , Humanos , Inyecciones Intradérmicas , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Cuero Cabelludo , Método Simple Ciego , Triamcinolona Acetonida/farmacología
3.
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am ; 21(3): 407-17, 2013 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24017982

RESUMEN

Female hair loss is a devastating issue for women that has only relatively recently been publicly acknowledged as a significant problem. Hair transplant surgery is extremely successful in correcting the most cosmetically problematic areas of alopecia. This article discusses the surgical technique of hair transplantation in women in detail, including pearls to reduce postoperative sequelae and planning strategies to ensure a high degree of patient satisfaction. A brief overview of some of the medical treatments found to be helpful in slowing or reversing female pattern hair loss is included, addressing the available hormonal and topical treatments.


Asunto(s)
Alopecia/cirugía , Técnicas Cosméticas , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Dermatologicos/métodos , Cabello/trasplante , Cuero Cabelludo/cirugía , Alopecia/psicología , Estética , Femenino , Humanos , Satisfacción del Paciente , Selección de Paciente , Cuidados Posoperatorios , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/diagnóstico , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/terapia , Cuidados Preoperatorios , Recolección de Tejidos y Órganos/métodos , Trasplante Autólogo/métodos , Resultado del Tratamiento
4.
Dermatol Surg ; 39(5): 755-60, 2013 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23294029

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Quantitative estimates of the yield of follicular units (FUs) containing likely "permanent" hair for hair transplanting have been only theoretically estimated. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the number of likely permanent hair follicles in potential donor areas. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty-four highly experienced surgeons were surveyed and estimated the number of FUs containing "permanent" hair in hypothetical 30-year-old male patients with varying hair densities and destined to develop Type V or VI male pattern baldness (MPB). RESULTS: Patients with average hair density and destined to develop Type V MPB were estimated to yield an average of 6,404 FUs, 4,963 FUs with below average density, and 7,904 FUs with above-average density. When Type VI MPB is anticipated, estimated mean harvest yields are 5,393 FUs with average density, 4,204 FUs with below-average density, and 6,661 FUs with above-average density. CONCLUSION: There are a finite number of FUs containing permanent hairs in any patient. The results of this survey provide a guideline that should be helpful in avoiding inappropriately aggressive goals such as creating overly dense or overly anterior frontal and temporal hairlines without regard for a cautious evaluation of the limitations of likely long-term donor/recipient area ratios. We present useful guideline numbers that can help physicians choose appropriate surgical goals.


Asunto(s)
Folículo Piloso/fisiología , Cabello/trasplante , Adulto , Técnicas Cosméticas , Humanos , Masculino
5.
J Cosmet Dermatol ; 10(4): 301-6, 2011 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22151939

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: While esthetic outcomes in hair restoration surgery (HRS) have improved markedly since the advent of follicular unit transplantation (FUT), various undesirable sequelae persist. We investigated the technical and demographic variables that may contribute to the frequency of postoperative hyperesthesia. METHODS: A multicenter retrospective chart review involving 552 patients undergoing HRS from 1999 to 2009. RESULTS: A total of 19 patients (3.4%) reported postoperative hyperesthesia in either the donor or recipient area of their scalp. Although many trends emerged, one variable significantly influenced the rate of this neurosensory symptom. While no patient who had all previous and current HRS sessions performed entirely within the same investigated surgical practice (n=42) experienced postoperative hyperesthesia, 14% of our patients who underwent prior HRS by a physician outside of the investigated surgical group (n=35) developed this complication (P=0.0404). The amount of intraoperative electrocautery to maintain hemostasis (P=0.0897), degree of tension upon donor wound closure (P=0.3044), and extent of donor wound edge undermining (P=0.4420) influenced the frequency of this sequela to a lesser degree. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that physicians planning repair sessions on patients who have undergone prior HRS by a physician at a different surgical center should include the specific caveat of increased incidences of postoperative hyperesthesia in their preoperative consultation.


Asunto(s)
Técnicas Cosméticas/efectos adversos , Folículo Piloso/trasplante , Hiperestesia/etiología , Cuero Cabelludo/cirugía , Adulto , Alopecia/cirugía , Intervalos de Confianza , Femenino , Cabello , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oportunidad Relativa , Traumatismos de los Nervios Periféricos/complicaciones , Estudios Retrospectivos , Cuero Cabelludo/inervación , Cuero Cabelludo/fisiopatología
7.
J Am Acad Dermatol ; 49(5): 853-60, 2003 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14576664

RESUMEN

The techniques used in the early days of hair transplanting were not suitable for the treatment of a majority of women with pattern hair loss. For at least the last 10 years, changes in those techniques have resulted in a reversal of that situation. Today, many women with female pattern hair loss are suitable candidates for transplanting, however, this is not widely appreciated. This article provides potential explanations for this and demonstrates examples of the current methods. Hair transplanting should be considered as a potential treatment option for most women with pattern hair loss.


Asunto(s)
Alopecia/cirugía , Cabello/trasplante , Adulto , Alopecia/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trasplante/métodos
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