Mask side-effects are related to gender in long-term CPAP: results from the InterfaceVent real-life study.

BACKGROUND: Over the past three decades, our understanding of sleep apnea in women has advanced, revealing disparities in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment compared to men. However, no real-life study to date has explored the relationship between mask-related side effects (MRSEs) and gender in the context of long-term CPAP. METHODS: The InterfaceVent-CPAP study is a prospective real-life cross-sectional study conducted in an apneic adult cohort undergoing at least 3 months of CPAP with unrestricted mask-access (34 different masks, no gender specific mask series). MRSE were assessed by the patient using visual analog scales (VAS). CPAP-non-adherence was defined as a mean CPAP-usage of less than 4 h per day. The primary objective of this ancillary study was to investigate the impact of gender on the prevalence of MRSEs reported by the patient. Secondary analyses assessed the impact of MRSEs on CPAP-usage and CPAP-non-adherence depending on the gender. RESULTS: A total of 1484 patients treated for a median duration of 4.4 years (IQ25-75: 2.0-9.7) were included in the cohort, with women accounting for 27.8%. The prevalence of patient-reported mask injury, defined as a VAS score ≥ 5 (p = 0.021), was higher in women than in men (9.6% versus 5.3%). For nasal pillow masks, the median MRSE VAS score for dry mouth was higher in women (p = 0.039). For oronasal masks, the median MRSE VAS score for runny nose was higher in men (p = 0.039). Multivariable regression analyses revealed that, for both women and men, dry mouth was independently and negatively associated with CPAP-usage, and positively associated with CPAP-non-adherence. CONCLUSION: In real-life patients treated with long-term CPAP, there are gender differences in patient reported MRSEs. In the context of personalized medicine, these results suggest that the design of future masks should consider these gender differences if masks specifically for women are developed. However, only dry mouth, a side effect not related to mask design, impacts CPAP-usage and non-adherence. TRIAL REGISTRATION: INTERFACEVENT IS REGISTERED WITH CLINICALTRIALS.GOV (NCT03013283).FIRST REGISTRATION DATE IS 2016-12-23.

Applicability of Cameriere's third molar maturity index on orthopantomograms and computed tomography scans from a French population.

Cameriere developed a method on orthopantomograms (OPG) to assess adult age of 18 years based on the relationship between age and the third molar maturity index I3M. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Cameriere's method could be applied to computed-tomography scans (CT-scans) from a population of French juveniles and young adults and compare the results obtained from OPG of the same individuals. Our sample comprised 200 examinations that had been performed at the radiological department of a French University hospital between 2007 and 2020. Each patient had received an OPG and a cranial CT scan for medical purposes, and we used a similar adaptation of I3M based on OPG to determine the I3M based on CT scans. Due to exclusion criteria, our final sample comprised 71 OPGs and 63 CT scans. Based on the 71 OPGs, there was concordance between chronological age and estimated age, with a sensitivity of 78.57%, a specificity of 89.47%, and a misclassified rate of 18.03% based on tooth 38, and a sensitivity of 78.79%, a specificity of 91.67%, and a misclassified rate of 17.78% based on tooth 48. Our results based on CT scans presented concordance between chronological age and estimated age for tooth 38 described by a sensitivity of 77.78%, a specificity of 94.12%, and a misclassified rate of 16.98%. The concordance between chronological age and estimated age based on 48 had a sensitivity of 75.00%, a specificity of 93.75%, and a misclassified rate of 19.23%. The > 90% ICC indicate an excellent similarity between measurements of teeth 38 and 48 based on OPGs and CT scans. This study has revealed the applicability of the Cameriere's method to calculate the I3M based on CT scans from a French population. The results based on CT scans are similar to results based on OPGs from the same individuals.

Dapagliflozin initiation in chronic heart failure patients improves central sleep apnoea.

Dapagliflozin decreases central sleep apnoea in central sleep apnoea patients, thereby sparing the initiation of ventilatory therapy https://bit.ly/41e2fm0.